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1、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级形容词和副词的比较级、最高级（ComparisonComparison ofof AdjectivesAdjectives andand AdverbsAdverbs）I.I.形容词比较级和最高级的形式形容词比较级和最高级的形式一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成构构 成成 法法 一般单音节词末尾加-er 和-est原原 级级strongstrange比比 较较 级级最最 高高 级级strongerstrongeststrangerstrangestsadderbiggerhotterangriercleverernarrowernobler
2、saddestbiggesthottestangriestcleverestnarrowestnoblest 单音节词如果以-e 结尾，只加-r 和-stsad 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，big须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er 和-esthot 少数以-y,-er(或-ure),-ow,-ble 结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er 和-est(以-y 结尾的词，如 y 前是辅音字母，把 y变成 i，再加-er 和-est，以-e 结尾的词仍加-r 和-st)angryclevernarrownoble 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词 moremoremostdifficult和 mo
3、stdifficult difficult二、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式二、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式原原 级级good/wellbad/illmany/muchlittle fewfar比比 较较 级级 betterworsemorelessfarther/further最最 高高 级级 bestworstmostleastfarthest/furthestII.II.副词比较级和最高级的形式副词比较级和最高级的形式副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样。一、一般副词一、一般副词hardharder hardest fastfaster fastestlatelater
4、latest earlyearlier earliest二、特殊副词二、特殊副词well better best much more mostbadly worse worst little less least三、开放类副词三、开放类副词开放类副词即以后缀-ly 结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加-er 或-est，而应在副词原形前加 more 或 most。如：quickly more quickly most quickly quietly more quietly most quietlyIII.III.形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法一、比较级一、比
5、较级1比较级通常由“形容词(副词)比较级+than+”构成，表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加”。连词 than 后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing 结构和-ed 结构，有时也可省去 than。如：Mary ishappier than Jane.玛丽比珍妮幸福。（形容词和系词连用）He lives more happily than I.他过得比我幸福。（副词修饰行为动词）2注意 than 前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。如：The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for the
6、m than it did for us.Sound travels faster through water than through air.3 比较级前还可用 much,even,still,a little 等词语来修饰，表示“得多”，“甚至”，“更”，“一些”等意思。如：Japan is a little larger than Germany.日本比德国大一点儿。用“times+形容词的比较级+than”句式表示倍数；用“表示数量的词+比较级”来表示具体的比较差别。如：Our room is twice larger than theirs.我们的房间比他们的大两倍。He is a
7、 head taller than I.他比我高一头。4隐含比较级1）有时比较级并不一定出现 than，这时通过上下文可暗示出。如：Are you feeling better now?你现在感觉好些了吗？2）有些形容词在表示比较的时候，跟“to”而不用“than”。如：prior to 较早的，较重要的superior to 优越，高于inferior to 下等的，次的senior to 年长的，地位高的junior to 年幼的，地位低的，迟的preferable to 更好的 The task is prior to all others.这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要。In math
8、s he felt superior to John.他觉得自己数学比约翰强。He is two years senior to me.他比我大两岁。Health without riches is preferable to riches without health.贫穷但健康要比富有却多病更可取。二、最高级二、最高级1最高级用于三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词形容词最高级名词表示范围的短语或从句”(如 of all,of the three,in the world,that has ever taken place 等)。如：Of all of the writers in E
9、ngland,William Shakespeare is the mostwidely known.2副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词 the。如：He runs fastest of the three.三个人中他跑得最快。3当用介词短语表明形容词最高级的比较范围，作介词宾语的名词或代词与句中的主语属同一类人或物，并把主语包括在内时，用介词of；如不属于同一类人或物，而只说明在某一时间、空间范围内的比较时，用介词 in。如：He is the tallest of the four boys.(He 与 boy 属同类)He is the tallest in our
10、 class.(He 与 class 不属同类)4可以用原级，比较级，最高级三种形式来表示最高级的意思。如：She is the best student in her class.She is better than any other student in her class.No other student in her class is better than she.No other student in her class is as good as she.形容词副词比较级最高级练习题形容词副词比较级最高级练习题（一）写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：long_ _ wi
11、de _ _ fat _ _heavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _brightly_-_ bably _ _ far_ _quickly _ _ happy_-_ unhappy_(二)用所给词的正确形式填空：1.Of the two girls,I find Lucy the _(clever).2.Gold(黄金)is _(little)useful than iron(铁).3.My sister is two years _(old)than I.4.Johns parents have four daughters,and she is the _(young)child.
12、5.The _(cheap)bags are the not usually the best ones.6.The short one is by far _ expensive of the five.7.The boy is not so _(interesting)as his brother.8.Dick sings _(well),she sings _(well)than John,but Marysings_(well)in her class.9.She will be much _(happy)in her mew house.10.This dress is _ that
13、.(twice,asas,expensive)(三)选择填空：1 He feels _ today than yesterday.A.tired B.more tired C.more tireder D.much tired2.Which do you like _,coffee,tea or milk?A.the worst B.worse C.the worse D.worst3.Of the two toys,the child chose_.A.the expensive one B.one most expensiveC.a least expensive D.the most e
14、xpensive of them4.The line is _ than that one.A.more longer B.not longer C.much more longer D.many more longer5.The earth is _ the moon.A.as 49 times big asB.49 times as bigger as C.49 times as big asD.as big as 49 times6.The book is _ of the two.A.thinner B.the thinner C.more thinner D.the thinnest
15、7.She looks _ than she does.A.the more older B.very older C.much older D.more older8.The garden is becoming _.A.more beautiful and more B.more beautiful and beautifulC.more and more beautiful D.more beautiful and beautifuler9.They competed（比赛）to see who could work _.A.the fastest and best B.the fast
16、er and the betterC.fastest and better D.faster and better10._ hurry,_speed.A.More,less B.Much,little C.The more,the less D.The much,the little11.This kind of coffee is different _.A.and it is also better B.and better than the otherC.but also than others D.from the other,and better12-Are you feeling
17、_?-Yes，Im fine now.A.any well B.any better C.quite good D.quite better13.The experiment was_ easier than we had expected.A.more B.much more C.much D.more much14If there were no examinations,we should have _ at school.A.the happiest time B.a more happier timeC.much happiest time D.a much happier time