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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上3月5日 【长难句】Native American languages are indeed different，so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War to send secret messages.【句子分析】1. 句子主干为主系表结构 = Native American languages / are/ indeed different. 美洲土著/本土语言非常与众不同.2. so much so in fact that
2、 .预计很多同学会逐字翻译进行理解，但逐字翻译显然不通，一般这种情况，都考虑为一种类似固定的说法或搭配，翻译理解时不要死盯该部分，只要能区分出该部分是修饰成分，抓住主要意思即可。例如：so much so 所指内容较虚，但in fact 表“事实上”，取该部分的主要意思即可。so much so in fact that = so much different / in fact/ so that = 如此与众不同/事实上/以至于 = 调整汉语的语序表达为：事实上如此与众不同以至于3. that从句为结果状语从句。【词的处理】native adj. 本国的；土著的；天然的；与生俱来的；天赋的i
3、ndeed adv. 的确；实在；真正地；military adj. 军事的；军人的；适于战争的code n. 编码；密码；代码【参考译文】Native American languages are indeed different，so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World Warto sand secret messages.美洲土著语言的确十分特异，因此事实上Navajo在二战中能被美军用作密码发密码电报。3月6日【长难句】The study of law h
4、as been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities.【句子分析】1. 首句较为简单，主干为主谓宾的被动形式 = the study of law/ has been recognized as / a basic intellectual discipl
5、ine. =有关法律的研究一直被看成是一门基本的知识学科。for centuries 和in European universities 为句子的时间状语和地点状语。2. 二句为倒装结构，语法规则为:only+状语位于句首或主语之前时，主句半倒装（has it become a ）。如果对待倒装理解困难时，可将句子的主干和修饰成分进行拆分之后，将半倒装句改写会正常的语序，则整个句子重组为：only in recent years + it has become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. = 只是在
6、最近几年+ 它才成为加拿大大学本科课程的一个专题.【词的处理】be recognized as 被看成是intellectual adj. 智力的；聪明的；理智的discipline n. 学科；纪律；训练；惩罚feature n. 特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目undergraduate program 本科课程【参考译文】The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent
7、 years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities.几个世纪以来，有关法律的研究一直被看成是欧洲各国大学的一门基本的知识学科。不过，只是在最近几年有关法律的研究才成为加拿大大学本科课程的一个专题。3月7日【长难句】Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have
8、 even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.【句子分析】1. 本句为and连接的并列句，前半部分的主干为“主谓宾”结构 = the older and more continental view of legal education/ is establishing/ itself; 后半句分主干为“主谓宾”= some/ have begun/ to offer undergraduate degrees in law.2. in a number of Canadian universities 译为：在一部分加拿大大学中，做前半句的
9、地点状语。【词的处理】continental adj. 大陆的；大陆性的 （本文指“欧洲大陆的”）legal education 法律教育establish vt. 建立；创办；安置undergraduate adj. 大学生的 n. 大学生；undergraduate degree 学士学位 = bachelors degree【参考译文】Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and
10、some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.译文1. 幸运的是，更传统和更具有欧洲大陆性质的法律教育观念正在加拿大的一些大学中形成，有些大学甚至已经开始授予学士学位。译文2. 幸运的是，加拿大的许多大学正在树立法律教育更传统、更具有大陆特性的观念，有些甚至已经开始授予法律学士学位。3月8日【长难句】If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and meth
11、ods should appeal directly to journalism educators.【句子分析】1. if引导条件状语从句，从句的主干为主谓宾 = the study of law/ is beginning / to establishing itself as part and parcel of a general education.2. 句子主干为主谓宾 = its aims and methods/ should appeal to / journalism educators.【词的处理】part and parcel 必不可少的部分general educat
12、ion 普通教育appeal to v. 呼吁；上诉；要求；对有吸引力journalism n. 新闻业，新闻工作；报章杂志educator n. 教育家；教育工作者；教师【参考译文】If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators.如果有关法律的研究开始成为普通教育一个不可缺少的学科的话，那么它的目的和方法应该会即刻吸
13、引新闻学教育家。3月9日【长难句】Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom.【句子分析】1.首句为主系表结构+定语从句。2. 二句为主谓宾结构+动词不定式做定语修饰opportunities.【词的处理】discipline n. 学科；纪律；训练；惩罚responsible adj. 负责的，可靠的；有责任的analyze
14、 vt. 对进行分析，分解（等于analyse）justice n. 司法，法律制裁；正义；法官，审判员democracy n. 民主，民主主义；民主政治freedom n. 自由，自主；直率【参考译文】Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom.法律是一门学科，这门学科鼓励进行有责任的判断。一方面，它为分析像公正、民主以及自
15、由这样的概念提供机会。3月12日 【长难句】For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law.【句子分析】1. 本句主干为主系表结构 = notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest +are +at work， 译为：关
16、于证据和事实、基本权利和公共利益的概念起作用。2. in the process of journalistic judgment and production 为介词短语充当时间状语，译为：在新闻判定和新闻制作过程中。3. just as in courts of law 为介词短语，译为：就像在法庭上一样。【词的处理】notion n. 概念；见解；打算public interest 公共利益journalistic adj. 新闻业的，新闻工作者的courts of law 法庭【参考译文】For example, notions of evidence and fact, of bas
17、ic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law.比如，有关证据和事实、基本权利和公众利益的概念在新闻判断和新闻制作过程中起作用，就像在法庭上一样。3月13日 【长难句】Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalists intellectual preparat
18、ion for his or her career.【句子分析】1. 本句主干为主系表结构，即Sharpening +is +a desirable component of 2. 主语为动名词短语sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law 【词的处理】sharpen vt. 削尖；磨快；使敏捷；加重sharpening judgment by 通过来使判断敏锐/通过事判断更敏锐absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；承受；理解；(此处意译为：学习)reflect vi. 反射，映现；深思desirable adj. 令人满意的；值得
19、要的intellectual adj. 智力的；聪明的；理智的career n. 生涯；职业；事业；速度，全速【参考译文】Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalists intellectual preparation for his or her career.通过学习并且反省法律知识来培养自己的敏锐判断，这是一名新闻记者为其事业进行知识储备时渴望拥有的（一部分）。3月14日 【长难句】But the idea that the journalis
20、t must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.【句子分析】拆分句子-But （主语）the idea | （同位语从句）that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen | （谓语）r
21、ests on （宾语）an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.1. 句子结构：1） 主语that引导的同位语从句谓语（rest on）宾语（an understanding of.）；2. news media修饰the established conventions和special responsibilities 【词的处理】profoundly深刻地；rest on建立在之上，以为基础或根据；understanding理解，共识；esta
22、blished既定的，确认的；convention规范；news media新闻媒体 【参考译文】But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.但是，新闻工作者对于法律的理解应该比普通公民更加深刻，这个观点是在对于新闻媒体的既定规范和特殊的社
23、会责任有深刻认识的基础之上建立的。3月15日 【长难句】Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be.【句子分析】1. 首句主干为主系表结构 = politics or the functioning of the state / is /a major subject
24、. 主语为Politics or the functioning of the state 为A or B，其中嵌套了一个副词结构（more broadly）做补充说明。在A or B 这种结构中，多数是为了更好的解释前面的名词。例如：Kaochong, or the best online website for English learning, has gained great popularity.2. 二句为固定结构句式：the +比较级 ，the +比较级, 其中前半句表示条件，后半句表示结果。因此，本句可以改写为If they are better informed about
25、the way the state works, their reporting will be better.此外，该结构也是写作的高频句，例如：The more you give, the more you get. (付出的越多，回报就越多。)【词的处理】politics 政治broadly adv. 明显地；宽广地；functioning n. 运行，运作；计 功能；机能；subject n. 主题；科目；语 主语inform about 告发；通知；告诉例：He informed me about your arrival. = I was informed about your a
26、rrival.【参考译文】Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be.1. 政治，或者更广义上的国家职能，是新闻记者报道的一个主要方面。他们对国家的运转方式了解的越多，他们的报道就越优秀/棒。2. 新闻记者报道的一个主题就是政治-或更广义上说，就是国家的职能。他们对国
27、家的运转方式了解的越多，他们的报道就越优秀/棒。3月16日 【长难句】Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers.【句子分析】1
28、. 首句整体难度不大，句子主干为主系表结构。主语为and连接的并列结构: the legal system and the events which occur within it，which引导定语从句修饰the events, it 指代the legal system.2. 二句中while引导让步状语从句，while the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, 译为：尽管/尽管法律新闻报道的性质差别很大；后半句为主干。3. 第一步：拆分主干和修饰成分。 句子主干：为there be句式，修饰成分为among many youngste
29、rs 和supplied to them by lawyers。第二步：分别对主干和修饰成分切块翻译理解：主干there is an undue reliance on interpretations, 直译为：“存在对解释的不适当依赖”，或调整汉语语序和表达为“。过度依赖。的解释/诠释。”修饰amongst many journalists和supplied to them by lawyers, 分别译为“在很多记者中”和“由律师提供给他们的”。第三步：将切块翻译的主干和修饰成分，根据汉语表达组合，适当删减或添加表达，使其成为通顺的汉语表达，即：“存在对解释的不适当依赖”/。过度依赖。的解
30、释/诠释+在很多记者中+由律师提供给他们的= 译文1. 在很多新闻记者中，存在过度依赖律师给他们提供诠释的现象。或译文2：很多记者过度依赖律师给他们提供的诠释。【词的处理】furthermore adv. 此外；而且 （写作中可用于句子衔接，表递进）the legal system 法律体系event n. 事件，大事；项目；结果primary adj. 主要的；初级的；基本的subject n. 主题；科目；语 主语；国民quality n. 质量，统计 品质；特性；才能legal adj. 法律的；合法的；法定的；依照法律的journalism n. 新闻业，新闻工作；报章杂志vary v
31、i. 变化；变异；违反interpretation n. 解释；翻译；演出【参考译文】Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers
32、.译文1.此外，法律体系以及其中发生的事件是新闻记者报道的主题。虽然与法律新闻报道的性质差别很大，但在很多新闻记者中，存在过度依赖律师给他们提供诠释的现象。译文2.此外，法律体系以及其中发生的事件是新闻记者报道的主题。虽然与法律有关的新闻报道的性质差别很大，但是，许多新闻记者过分依赖律师提供给他们的诠释。3月20日【长难句】Thestandardizededucationalorpsychologicalteststhatarewidelyusedtoaidinselecting，classifying，assigning，orpromotingstudents，employees，andmi
33、litarypersonnelhavebeenthetargetofrecentattacksinbooks，magazines，thedailypress，andeveninCongress.【句子分析】1.句子主干：Thestandardizededucationalorpsychologicaltests/havebeen/thetargetofrecentattacks2.thatarewidelyusedtoaidinselecting，classifying，assigning，orpromotingstudents，employees，andmilitarypersonnel为定
34、语从句，修饰主语，即Thestandardizededucationalorpsychologicaltests，可译为“的”结构（见译文1）或单独成句（见译文2）。3.inbooks，magazines，thedailypress，andeveninCongress为介词短语，修饰thetargetofrecentattacks【词的处理】standardizedadj.标准的；标准化的psychologicaladj.心理的；心理学的；classifyvt.分类；分等assignvt.分配；指派；militaryadj.军事的；军人的；personneln.人事部门；全体人员Congres
35、sn.国会【参考译文】Thestandardizededucationalorpsychologicalteststhatarewidelyusedtoaidinselecting，classifying，assigning，orpromotingstudents，employees，andmilitarypersonnelhavebeenthetargetofrecentattacksinbooks，magazines，thedailypress，andeveninCongress.译文1：广泛应用于协助选拔、委派或提拔学生、雇员和军事人员的标准化教育测试或心理测试一直是某些人近年来在书本、
36、杂志、日报，甚至国会中进行抨击的目标。译文2：标准化教育测试或心理测试广泛应用于协助选拔、委派或提拔学生、雇员和军事人员；这些测试一直是某些人近年来在书本、杂志、日报，甚至国会中进行抨击的目标。3月21日 【长难句】The tests themselves are merely tools，with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions. The target is wrong，for in attacking the tests，critics div
37、ert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users.【句子分析】1. 首句主干为主系表结构= the tests themselves /are /merely tools.二句修饰成分如下：with characteristics 为介词短语，对整句话做补充说明，with 之后的内容较短时可译为单句，见本句参考译文；with之后内容较短时，可译为短语，如：Sky entered the classroom, with smiles on his face. = Sky面带微笑走进了教室。2
38、. that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions. 为定语从句，修饰characteristics3. 二句主干：the target is wrong；修饰成分：for引导原因状语从句，从句主干为critics divert attention【词的处理】merely adv. 仅仅，只不过；只是characteristics n. 特征；特性；特色measure n. 测量；措施；程度；尺寸 vt. 测量；估量；权衡reasonable adj. 合理的，公道的；通情达理的precisio
39、n n. 精度，数 精密度；精确specified adj. 规定的；详细说明的target n.目标attack vt. 攻击critic n. 批评家，评论家divert vt. 转移；使欢娱；使转向divert attention from 直译为：将注意力从。转译，结合语境意译为：忽略、未能注意到fault n. 故障；错误；缺点；毛病lie with 是的权利；是的责任；取决于ill-informed adj. 所知不多的；消息不灵通的incompetent adj. 无能力的，不胜任的；不合适的【参考译文】The tests themselves are merely tools，
40、with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions. The target is wrong，for in attacking the tests，critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users.这些测试本身只是一种工具。它的各种特性可以在规定条件下用适当的精度来测定。这种抨击目标是错误的，因为在抨击这类测试时，批评者没有注意到其
41、弊病来自测试使用者对测试的不了解或自身的能力不足。3月22日 【长难句】Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in Canadian institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. 【句子分析】1. 句子主干结构：简单句（被动形式）legal learning has been viewed as.rather than.；2.
42、view.as中间插入介词词组in such institutions作状语，该词组的含义要到前一句话中去找，指的是“Canadian universities”。 【词的处理】institution机构；special preserve专门的工作；intellectual equipment知识素养；educated受过良好教育的【参考译文】Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in Canadian institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necess
43、ary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.传统上，在加拿大的高等学府里，学习法律一直被看作是律师的专门工作，而不是一个受过良好教育的人所必须具备的知识素养。3月23日 【长难句】In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political storie
44、s.【句子分析】1. 句子结构： 1） 形式主语it表语真实主语to see how.political stories；即：it is difficult to see how journalists can do a competent job on political stories. 译为：很难想象那些。的新闻工作者能够胜任政治新闻报道的工作。2. who引导的定语从句修饰journalists, who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution可译为“的”结构，即：对于加拿
45、大宪法的基本特点缺乏清晰了解的【词的处理】see设想，想象；grasp领会，理解；basic feature基本特点；competent令人满意的；story新闻报道【参考译文】In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.实际上，很难想象那些对于加拿大宪法的基本特点缺乏清晰了解的新闻工作者能够胜任
46、政治新闻报道的工作。3月26日【长难句】First,theobjectofourstudypleadsfordefinition.Whatisanintellectual?IshalldefinehimasanindividualwhohaselectedashisprimarydutyandpleasureinlifetheactivityofthinkinginSocratic(苏格拉底)wayaboutmoralproblems.【句子分析】开始的两句话比较简单。第三句的翻译理解主要难在句子结构的宏观把握，主干为Ishalldefinehimasanindividual,译为：我将把知识
47、分子定义为这样的一类人。修饰部分的处理关键要抓住以下两点：1.who引导的定于从句比较长，所以采取后置翻译的方法（即将定语从句处理成单句）2.定语从句的主干为whohaselectedsthas;ashisprimarydutyandpleasureinlife”是状语成分，本应放在句末作补充说明，由于elected的宾语“theactivityofthinkinginSocratic（苏格拉底）wayaboutmoralproblems”比较长，所以as引导的状语作了前置处理，形成倒装。(word的天哪，这就是难点所在，不是难，是真的需要水平才能看出来的)3.whohaselectedashisprimarydutyandpleasureinlifetheactivityofthinkinginSocratic(苏格拉底)wayaboutmor