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1、2022年高三基础测试英语试题卷 选择题部分（共95分） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Which room has the man finished decorating?A. The living room. B. The bathroom. C. The kitchen
2、.2. Why was the woman stopped by the police officer?A. She was speeding. B. Her car light was broken. C. She didnt wear a seat belt.3. What does the man want to do now?A. Go to the cinema. B. Do some shopping. C. Get something to eat.4. Where docs the conversation probably take place?A. In a library
3、. B. In a classroom. C. In a bookstore.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. An actor. B. A game. C. A TV series.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How does the woman fee
4、l at first?A. Hungry. B. Tired. C. Nervous.7. What does the man offer to do?A. Fix the computer. B. Make a meal. C. Check the kids homework.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What is the purpose of the tennis match?【答案】12.B13. A 14. C 15. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着时间的推移，一些企鹅会调整它们的叫声，使之与它们的伴 侣更加相似，这种能力以前只在包括人类在内的少数物种
5、中被发现。新的研究发现声音上的适应有助于建 立社会关系。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据戈I线词下文 u became more similar over time for penguins that were partners or in the same colony, and for penguins that heard more of each others calls（随着时间的推移，伴侣企鹅或同一群体的企鹅， 以及听到更多彼此叫声的企鹅变得越来越相似）”可推知，此处伴侣企鹅或同一群体的企鹅的声音特征变得 越来越相似。由此推知，划线词signatures与Characteristic
6、s（特征，特色）意思接近。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的 “Imagine that you are in a pub, you are w汕 your friends and your environment is quite noisysays Baciadonna. What you do is try to talk in a certain way so that your communication is more effective.（“想象一下，你在一家酒吧里，和朋友在一起，周围的环境非常嘈杂， Baciadonna说。“你要 做的就是试着用一种特定的方式说话
7、，这样你的沟通就会更有效。可推知，第四段引用Baciadonna的 话的目的是为了解释为什么企鹅会改变它们的叫声。故选Ao【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 “There could be a huge variety of different species that are able to adapt their calls slightly, but we dont know that yet J says Sara Torres Ortiz at the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Munich, Germany.（ “可能有
8、很多不同的物种能够轻微地适应它们的叫声，但我们还不知道这一点，”德国慕 尼黑马克斯普朗克鸟类研究所的Sara Torres Ortiz说）”可推知，根据Sara Torres Ortiz的说法，是否有更 多的物种表现出声音适应性还有待探索。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Some penguins （企鹅）adapt their calls to become more similar to their partners over time, an ability that was previously known in only a few species, including
9、humans.（随着时间的推移，些企鹅会 调整它们的叫声，使之与它们的伴侣更加相似，这种能力以前只在包括人类在内的少数物种中被发现）”及 彳到数第二段中的 “ Baciadonna and his team also propose that this accommodation could help with group harmony and social bonds between individual penguins.（ Baciadonna和他的团队还提出，这种适应可以帮助企鹅群体和 谐和个体之间的社会联系）”可知，本文通过对企鹅改变声音的研究，表明了声音上的适应有助于建立社会 关
10、系。故选B。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weve been test-driving some new cars recently. I appreciate the clean and simple design inside. For some reasons, many car makers have been shifted from physical controls to touch screens. 16 Instead of lots of physical buttons
11、, you have a single touch screen. You can use it to move between the different controls.The touch screen is a single system for many controls in your car. So simple? Actually, not simple at all.1 7 It will always be more challenging to use. It will likely take more time to use for each function. Wor
12、se still, the touch screen may also put you at greater risk of being in an accident.In a car with buttons and other physical controls, you can often perform the same tasks without looking.18 And you most likely receive physical feedback （反馈）through your fingers letting you know youve succeeded. Butt
13、ons are probably faster than touch screens. With a button, you reach over and easily get your fingers on it.19 They may be effective, but many also require multiple attempts to work. If youve ever asked your phone to do something, you know there are still challenges in speech recognition.However, if
14、 you need to use the touch screen to control systems in your car, I have a few suggestions. Get your basic setup running before your car is running down the road. If you have a passenger, let that person control the touch screen. 20But this also means extra steps fbr each action.A. The touch screen
15、is far more complex than buttons.B. New cars are often completely touch screen-controlled.C. Physical controls have great advantages over touch screens.D. Always keep your eyes on the road instead of the fancy screen.E. You know when your hand is in the right place to use the controls.F. Some cars w
16、ith touch screen controls can respond to voice commands.【答案】16.C17. B 18. F 19. G 20. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述很多汽车制造商已经从实体控制转向了触摸屏控制，最后提出了 一些使用触摸屏控制汽车的建议。【16题详解】上文 “For some reasons, many car makers have been shifted from physical controls to touch screens.（由于某些原因，许多汽车制造商已经从实体控制转向了触摸屏）”提到很多汽车制造商转向触摸屏
17、，结合下文Instead of lots of physical buttons, you have a single touch screen.（你只有一个触摸屏，而不是大量的实体按钮）”可知， 没有实体按钮，只有一个触摸屏，说明汽车是完全由触摸屏控制，C项“新车通常是完全触摸屏控制的” 符合语境。故选C项。【17题详解】根据上文“So simple? Actually, not simple at all.（这么简单？事实上,一点也不简单）”及下文uIt will always be more challenging to use.（它的使用总是更具挑战性）”可知，使用触摸屏并不是那么简单
18、，B项“触屏比按 键复杂得多”与上下文语义一致。故选B项。【18题详解】根据上文 “In a car with buttons and other physical controls, you can often perform the same tasks without looking在一辆有按钮和其他实体控制的汽车里，你经常可以不用看就完成同样的任务）及下文And you most likely receive physical feedback （反馈）through your fingers letting you know youve succeeded.（你彳艮可能 会通过手指收
19、到实体反馈，让你知道自己已经成功了）”可知，实体控制的汽车可以不用看就进行操作，你 知道手该放哪里，且手指会得到一定的反馈，让你知道自己成功了，F项“你知道你的手何时在正确的位置 使用控制”符合语境。故选F项。【19题详解】本艮据下文 “They may be effective, but many also require multiple attempts to work. If youve ever asked your phone to do something, you know there are still challenges in speech recognition.（它们
20、可能是有效的， 但许多也 需要多次尝试才能奏效。如果你曾经让手机做过什么事，你就会知道语音识别仍然存在挑战）”可知，本段 是描述汽车上的语音控制，G项“一些带有触摸屏控制的汽车可以响应语音命令”符合语境，故选G项。【20题详解】 上文 “Get your basic setup running before your car is running down the road. If you have a passenger, let that person control the touch screen.（在你的车在路上跑之前，把基本的设置运行起来。如果你有乘客，让那个人 来控制触摸屏）”是
21、使用由触摸屏控制的汽车的建议，开车时不要自己盯着触摸屏，要让乘客来控制触摸屏, E项“总是把你的眼睛盯在路上，而不是花哨的屏幕上”符合语境。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Our savings ran out and we were going to lose our house. We had to move into Grandpas house, which had been old and beyond 2 when Grandpa Mac w
22、as living. Now that the place had been 22 fbr more than five years, it became much worse.The roof seemed to leak 23, Hundreds of thousands of footsteps had24 the finish （饰面）off the hardwood floors. One of the doors on the kitchen cupboards was broken and it 25 open forever. Worst of all, the white p
23、aint on the walls was beginning to fall but there was 26 nothing we could do about that.Joe and I both tried to be 27 around Kelly as we packed to move. She was only three. As long as we didnt give her the wrong 28、she wouldnt notice the poor condition of her new home.One evening, I walked out into
24、the back yard to 29 the heavy heat in the house.30 there wasnt any air conditioning. Kelly was busy 3 the dandelions （蒲公英）in the yard. She smiled when she saw me and ran over to give me a bright yellow bunch. “We have 32 in the yard, Mommy. Most people just have grass,“ she said. “We also have prett
25、y butterflies. This must be the 33 place in the whole world to live.,I suddenly 34 things were not that bad. It took a three-year-old to teach me how to see somethingto be 35 for i21. A. control22. A. empty23. A. fbr no reason24. A. worn25. A. proved26. A. hardly27. A. brave28. A. warning29. A. esca
26、pe30. A. Probably31. A. planting32. A. flowers33. A. quietest34. A. confirmed35. A. eager【答案】2LB22. AB 32. A 33. Cto be 35 for i36. A. control37. A. empty38. A. fbr no reason39. A. worn40. A. proved41. A. hardly42. A. brave43. A. warning44. A. escape45. A. Probably46. A. planting47. A. flowers48. A.
27、 quietest49. A. confirmed50. A. eager【答案】2LB22. AB 32. A 33. Cour new home.B. repairB. noisyB. in every respectB. keptB. feltB. simplyB. friendlyB. answerB. defeatB. AccidentallyB. pickingB. insectsB. safestB. declaredB. grateful23. D 24. A34. D 35. BC. recognitionC. secretC. on no accountC. cutC. g
28、rewC. suddenlyC. energeticC. messageC. releaseC. NaturallyC. wateringC. seatsC. nicestC. recalledC. concerned25. D 26. B 27. DD. comparisonD. busyD. at any momentD. clearedD. stoodD. occasionallyD. cheerfulD. lessonD. absorbD. ConsequentlyD. observingD. treesD. cleanestD. realizedD. responsible28. C
29、 29. A 30. C 31.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家因为没钱了，只能搬去爷爷留下的旧房子，然而作者的女儿却在这个破旧不堪的房子里看到它的美，它的与众不同，这让作者意识到了很多事情并没有那么糟糕， 要善于发现美。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不得不搬进爷爷的房子，那房子在迈克爷爷在世的时候就已经破旧不堪， 无法修复了。A. control 控制；B. repair 维修；C. recognition 辨认；D. comparison 比较。根据前文 uwhich had beenold”可知，这个房子又旧又破，因此已经早已无法维修了。故选B项。【22题
30、详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在这个地方已经空了五年多，情况变得更糟了。A. empty空的；B. noisy喧 闹的；C.secret秘密的;D. busy忙的。根据前文“when Grandpa Mac was living”可知，爷爷已经不在了， 因此房子也没有人住了，故这个房子闲置有5年多了。故选A项。【23题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：屋顶似乎随时都会漏水。A. for no reason毫无理由；B. in every respect在各个方 面；C. on no account决不；D. at any moment随时。根据前文u it became much worse.
31、可知,这个房子本来 就破旧不堪了，再加上好几年没有人住了，因此更加糟糕了，屋顶感觉像是随时都会漏水。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：成千上万的脚步磨掉了硬木地板的表面。A. worn磨损；B. kept保持；C.cut切； D. cleared 清除。根据前文 u Hundreds of thousands of footsteps” 以及后文 “the finish （饰面）off the hardwood floors可知，这个木质地板因为之前来来回回的走动而磨损了表面。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：厨柜上的一扇门坏了，永远开着。A.proved证明；B.
32、 felt感受；C.grew成长； D. stood 处于（某种状态或情形）。根据前文 “One of the doors on the kitchen cupboards was broken” 可知, 橱柜的一扇门坏了，因此有一边是敞开着，永远处于敞开的状态。故选D项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最糟糕的是，墙上的白漆开始脱落，但我们对此无能为力。A. hardly几乎不；B. simply 简直；确实；C. suddenly 突然地；D. occasionally 偶然地。根据前文Worst of all, the white paint on the walls was be
33、ginning to fall but there wasn可知，墙上的漆开始掉落，而我们却什么都做不了，此处应用simply 表示强调对于掉漆的墙，我们确实什么都做不了。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们收拾东西准备出发时，乔和我都想在凯利身边表现得高兴些。A. brave勇 敢的;B. friendly 友好的;C. energetic 精力充沛的;D. cheerful 开心的。根据后文 “She was only three. As long as we didnt give her the wrong 8 she wouldnt notice the poor c
34、ondition of her new home. “ 可知，作者不 想女儿知道他们搬去的地方很差劲，不想给她传递出这样的信息，因此作者他们要表现得开心些。故选D 项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：只要我们没有给她错误的信息，她就不会注意到她新家的糟糕状况。A. warning 警告;B. answer 答案； C. message 信息;D. lesson 课。根据后文she wouldn notice the poor condition of her new home.可知，作者不想让女儿注意到房子不好的一面，因此不想给女儿传递出房子状况糟糕的 信息。故选C项。【29题详解】考查
35、动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我走进后院，以躲避屋里的酷热。A. escape躲避；B. defeat打败；C. release释放；D. absorb吸收。根据后文“the heavy heat in the house”可知，屋里很热，作者走出来就是为 了躲避屋里的炎热。故选A项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:当然，没有空调。A. Probably可能；B. Accidentally偶然地；C.Naturally自然而 然地；D. Consequently 因此。根据前文 “One evening, I walked out into the back yard to 9 the
36、heavy heat in the house.”可知，作者走出来躲避酷热，自然是因为房间里是没有空调的。故选C项。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯利正忙着在院子里摘蒲公英。A. planting种植；B. picking摘；C.watering浇 水；D. observing 观察。根据后文 “She smiled when she saw me and ran over to give me a bright yellow bunch.” 可知，作者女儿给作者一束蒲公英，因此可知她在摘蒲公英。故选B项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:“我们院子里有花，妈妈。大多数人只有草，”她
37、说。A. flowers花；B. insects 昆虫；C. seats 座位；D. trees 树木。 根据前文“She smiled when she saw me and ran over to give me a bright yellow bunch.v以及后文u Most people just have grass n可知，作者的女儿注意到院子里有花，而别人的院子 则是有草。故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们也有漂亮的蝴蝶。这一定是全世界最适合居住的地方了。 A. quietest 最安静的；B. safest最安全的；C. nicest最好的；D. clea
38、nest最干净的。根据前文“We have 12 in the yard” 以及“We also have pretty butterflies”可知，在作者女儿眼里，这个房子的后院既有花又有蝴蝶，最适合居 住不过了。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到事情并没有那么糟糕A.confirmed证实；B. declared宣布；C. recalled 回忆；D. realized意识到。根据后文uthings were not that bad/,可知，作者之前一直在关注这个房子多么地 旧，多么地糟糕，而忽略了其中的美一一花和蝴蝶，因此作者意识到了搬进来其实没有那么糟糕。
39、故选D 项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个三岁的孩子教会了我如何在我们的新家看到值得感激的东西。A. eager渴 望的；B. grateful 感激的；C. concerned 关注的；D. responsible 负责任的。根据前文 “It took a three-year-old to teach me how to see somethingv可知，作者的女儿看到了这个房子值得让人欣赏的地方，这也让作者明白了 要善于发现这个房子里值得作者他们感激的东西。故选B项。非选择题部分(共55分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的
40、单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China has seen great benefits since the launch of its carbon trading market a year ago.The program has played 36 important role in raising low-carbon awareness. Although it only getsthe power generation industry involved now, the initiative of pricing carbon emissions (升E放)has boosted
41、the37 (develop) of carbon-related services in industries beyond. Right now more than 9,800 companies are providing such services, of which over 1,80038 (establish) last year.Carbon trading is the process of buying and selling permits to send out greenhouse gases. Opened 39July 16, 2021, the market n
42、ow includes 40 (national) 2,162 power-generating companies, covering about4.5 billion tons of carbon emissions. That has made China the worlds 41 (large) market for carbon trading. The program puts carbon emission limits on every unit of electricity a power plant generates. After each cycle of tradi
43、ng, companies 42 have leftover carbon allowances (额度)can sell them to others. If43 (fall) short, they911 have to buy allowances.The program has proven its value in motivating companies 44 (reduce) emissions at a lower cost. However, officials say China needs to make further efforts to improve the su
44、pport systems, get the market to run smoothly 45 enhance the quality of carbon emission data.【答案】36. an 37. developmentwere established *38 . on 40. nationallylargest41. that#which42. fallingto reduce43. and【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国的碳交易项目，自一年前推出碳交易市场以来，中国已受益匪浅。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：该项目在提高低碳意识方面发挥了重要作用。固定搭配
45、play a role in ”在中起作用”， important是以元音音素开头的词，应用an。故填an。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：虽然现在只涉及发电行业，但碳排放定价的举措已经推动了其他行业碳相关服务的发展。此处是of所有格，应用名词developmento故填developmento【38题详解】考查动词语态。句意：目前有9800多家公司提供这种服务，其中去年新成立的有1800多家。1,800指代上 文中的9800多家公司中的1,800家公司，作主语，与establish是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，由last year 可知，应用一般过去时。故填were established。【
46、39题详解】考查介词。句意：该市场于2021年7月16日开放，目前包括全国2162家发电企业，覆盖约45亿吨碳排放。表示具体的哪一天，应用介词on。故填on。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：该市场于2021年7月16日开放，目前包括全国2162家发电企业，覆盖约45亿吨碳排放。此处修饰动词include,应用副词，作状语。故填nationally。【41题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：这使得中国成为世界上最大的碳交易市场。根据空前worlds可知，此处指世界 最大的市场，应用形容词最高级。故填largest。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在每个交易周期之后，拥有剩余碳排放额度的公司可以将其出
47、售给其他公司。此处 限定性定语从句，先行词是companies,关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that 或 which o【43题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果达不到要求，他们将不得不购买津贴。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主 语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整句子为If they are falling short, theyll have to buy allowances.故选 falling o【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目已经证明了它在激励企业以较低成本减排方面的价值。固定搭配motivate sb. to do
48、 sth.激励某人做某事。故填to reduceo【45题详解】考查连词。句意：然而，官员们表示，中国需要进一步努力，以完善支持体系，让市场平稳运行，并提高 碳排放数据的质量。此处与 to make further efforts to improve the support systems 和 get the market to run smoothly并列作need的宾语，应用and连接。故填ando第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是校心理社（psychology club）社长李华，你的英国朋友James发邮件询问你校心理社的相关情 况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1 .心理社简介；.近期开展的一次活动；2 .该活动的影响。注意：1 .写作词数应为80左右；.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。Dear James,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear James,rd like to give a brief introduction to our