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1、20202020 届广州市第四中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案解析届广州市第四中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A AObesity(肥胖症)is becoming a problem in our busy society,and almost one in three American adults is nowconsidered to be obese
2、.Children obesity is alsoat an all-time high.Obesity means being very overweight.If you are obese,you have too much bodyfat.If you eat more foodthan your body can use,this will make you put on weight.Food that your body does not need will be stored as fatby your body.The following are the major fact
3、ors that increase the risk of obesity.What you eat plays a major role in weight gain.Eating a lot of fast food such as hamburgers,sweet drinks,icecreams and other sweet food can increase the risk of becoming obese.If you do not do enough exercise,you will put on weight as the food you eat is not bei
4、ng used to make energyfor physical activities.The chances of you being obese are greater if your parents are obese.There are many psychological factors that cause people to eat too much.People who are worried,unhappy orbored will often eat to make themselves feel better.This is known as comfort eati
5、ng.Age is another factor,as you tend(趋于)to be less active when you get older.When you get older,you needto eat less,and if you do not eat less,you will put on weight.Obesity can cause many health problems such asheart problems,high blood pressure and many other serious medical conditions.1.The under
6、lined sentence in paragraph 1 means that _.A.obesity does not do harm to health.B.there are more obese children than before.C.all the American children are obese.D.there are less obese children in the USA.2.According to the passage,there are _ major factors that increase the risk of obesity.A.threeB
7、.fourC.fiveD.six3.What will the writer most probably talk about after the last paragraph?A.How to avoid obesity.B.How to live in the busy USA.C.What illnesses are caused by obesity.D.How doctors treat heart problems.BA Bridge Linking Art and the AudienceAccording to a 2018 report,people aged between
8、 16 and 24 make up about 15 percent of the population butonly 10 percent of museum-goers.Similarly,people aged over35 go half as much as you would expect from theirpopulation size.We have reached the point of recognising the disconnection between art and the audience buthavent yet determined how to
9、bridge the gap.Two answers to tackling this challenge lie in telling a greaterdiversity of art histories and communicating these stories in more accessible ways.In 2018,a radio program called Art Matters was started with the aim of discussing art from a pop-cultureviewpoint with topics that would en
10、gage younger and more diverse audience.It offers an accessible pathway toart history with conversations on different topics.Art history is about storytelling;art content shines when there isan effort to bring audience along for the discussion.More traditional institutions are paying attention.Recent
11、ly theGettyMuseumissued a social-media challengefor people to recreate paintings using items they had at home.Users displayed incredible creativity,and themuseum was flooded with submissions.This reaction proves that there is a potential desire for the audience toengage with art topics if the format
12、 is appealing.Since many people feelintimidatedand think that theres a baselevel of understanding required to join the conversation,the Getty initiative serves as a reminder that there aremany pathways to engaging with it.Another result of the Getty challenge was the exposure given to a diversity of
13、 artworks.The famous operasinger Peter Brathwaite,for example,made scores of attractive recreations highlighting centuries of blackpaintings.His efforts opposed the idea that there were not many historical paintings of black figures.It isextremely important that we do a better job of showing the com
14、plex and diverse stories that are represented inart.Social media have offered a platform for people who have not traditionally had a seat at the table.Anyonecan recognise a gap in the field and address it.Accounts have gathered tens of thousands of followers.They arethe proof that there is hunger to
15、 hear these art histories,and these themes work brilliantly for museumprogramming.But there is only so much that can be done without the museums and galleries changing meaningfully fromwithin.We need to see a better balance of these stories represented in permanent collections.We also need amuch wid
16、er diversity of people and interests represented on board.Ensuring that art-and writing and talkingabout art-is able to continue on the rising generation of storytellers,inside and outside of institutions,getting thefunding and support they need to paint a brighter picture for the part.4.What challe
17、nge is the author trying to tackle?A.People doubt a great diversity of artworks.B.Fewer and fewer young people go to museums.C.Art appears too distant from common audience.D.Adult audience has a different understanding of art.5.What does the underlined word“intimidated”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A
18、.Tired.B.Worried.C.Annoyed.D.Surprised.6.In the authors opinion,the museums and galleries should _.A.make the art history stories accessible in a traditional way.B.change meaningfully for activities like the Getty challenge.C.limit the number of storytellers both in and out of institutions.D.improve
19、 the permanent collections by adding famous artworks.7.We can conclude from the passage that common audience _.A.lacks the channels to understand and talk about art history.B.prefers to view artworks and hear art stories on social media.C.feels satisfied with people and interests represented on boar
20、d.D.refuses to engage with diverse art topics and art history stories.CIn 1990,Hal Donaldson was 23 years old,fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta,India,where hewas asked to interview Mother Teresa.Donaldson says about the great woman famed for feeding the hungry,“She wasnt wearing sho
21、es and herankles were swollen.She sat down with me and was very polite.”After the interview,Mother Teresa asked him,“What are you doing to help the poor?”Donaldson admitted that he was young and wasnt focused on helpingothers.With a smile on her face,Mother Teresa said,“Everyone can do something.”Th
22、ose words deeply struck Donaldson and forced him to face some hard truths about himself.Hal Donaldson grew up in the San Francisco Bay area.When he was 12 years old,his parents were hit by adrunk driver;his father died,and his mother was seriously injured.To make ends meet,they went on welfare.Donal
23、dson says,“I had holes in my shoes and clothes.When youre teased at school for that,you just want toescape.”He managed to do just that.Donaldson got into college and turned his focus to making money for himself Hesays,“I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance.However,its easy to overlo
24、ok others along the way.Iwas the guy that would see a homeless person and cross the street,so I didnthave to confront(面对)him.Myfocus was on climbing to the top instead of helping those trying to climb with me.”Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought.He traveled to eight cities in
25、 America andstayed on the streets and listened tostories of the homeless.“My heart broke,”he says.“I knew I could no longerjust live for myself.”Inspired by Mother Teresas words and the stories hed heard across America.Donaldson loaded a pick-uptruck with$300 worth of groceries and handed them out t
26、o anyone who needed help.In 1994,Donaldson createdthe nonprofit organization,Convoy for Hope,which works with communities across America and around the world.Their work focuses on feeding children,womens empowerment,helping farmers and disaster services.8.What did 23-year-old Hal Donaldson do in Ind
27、ia?A.He attended an interview for a college.B.He fed the hungry with Mother Teresa.C.He interviewed Mother Teresa.D.He did something to help the poor.9.What can we learn about Hal Donaldson from paragraph 4?A.He was born with disability.B.He led a hard life as a child.C.He was well treated at school
28、.D.He survived as a parentless boy.10.How does Hal Donaldson describe himself in college?A.Self-centered.B.Sympathetic.C.Popular.D.Casual.11.How did Hal Donaldson change after he returned home from India?A.He preferred traveling to volunteering.B.He suddenly fell in love with journalism.C.He turned
29、his focus to living for himself.D.He gradually devoted himself to helping others.DA world in which extinct creatures could be brought back to life came a step closer yesterday.Australianscientists have managed to extract a gene from a preserved sample of a Tasmanian tiger and make it active.Thebreak
30、throughhas left them dreaming that one day they will be able to recreate the animal,which died outmore than 70 years ago.And if it can be done with the Tasmanian tiger,it may also be possible to resurrect(复活)creatures that have been extinct for far longer.“There used to be a time when extinction mea
31、nt forever,but no more,”said Professor Mike Archer.“We arenow able to seriously challenge whether those animals that have gone for ever.What has been achieved is a veryimportant step in bringing back those animals that are extinct.And while I think that technically it is stillprettydifficult at the
32、moment,we can now see the possibilities.Im personally convinced that the Tasmanian tiger will bebrought back to life in my lifetime.”The breakthrough came after nine years of experiments by scientists at the University of Melbourne,whoextracted a gene from one of several tigers preserved in alcohol
33、in a Melbourne museum.They removed theequivalent gene from a mouse embryo implanted the tiger gene and then watched as the mouse continued togrow normally,suggesting the tiger gene had been activated.Team leader Dr.Andrew Pask said it was the first time DNA from an extinct species had been used to“i
34、nduce(引起)a functional response in another living organism”.However,the animals entire gene structure would have to be revived in the same way to even begin thepossibility of bringing the Tasmanian tiger back from the dead.Mick Mooney,a wildlife officer ofthe Tasmanian Government,was worried that suc
35、h developments couldencourage peoples indifference to the protection of endangered species.“If people think that we can bring animals back to life after theyve gone,they will start saying that there isnothing to worry about because we can fix it up later.”12.What does the underlined word“breakthroug
36、h”in the l paragraph refer to?A.Scientists have recreated new animals.B.Scientists have resurrected endangered animal.C.It has turned out that some creatures would not go extinct.D.A tiger gene has been extracted successfully and activated.13.Scientists are carrying out the experiments in order to _
37、.A.bring extinct animals back to lifeB.transplant the genes of tigers into other animalsC.find out what factors lead to the animals extinctionD.find a new way to extract animals DNA14.Mike Archer thinks that _.A.scientists now have no technological difficultyreconnecting extinct animalsB.itll be a c
38、entury or so before a Tasmanian tiger walks on the earth againC.humans have come closer in reconnecting extinct animalsD.reconnecting extinct animals is impossible15.We can learn from Mick Mooncys words that_.A.he thought it unnecessary to worry about endangered animalsB.his opinion is in contrast w
39、ith that of the Tasmanian GovernmentC.he thought people should be encouraged to protect endangered animalsD.he is concerned that bringing extinct animals back to life may have a negative effect第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Writing a grea
40、t science fiction novel is a long,hard process.As with any novel,youll want to construct asatisfyingplot,develop interesting characters,and write polished,vivid prose._16_Remember that science fiction is about ideas.Different from other genre(类型),a good science fiction storydepends on a great imagin
41、ation._17_In sci-fi,those questions can be implicit or explicit.For example,manyearly works of sci-fi make their question obvious.In War of the Worlds,the question is:What would happen tohuman society if it were invaded by technologically advanced aliens?_18_Its one thing to have a great idea or sit
42、uation,but that doesnt mean you have a story.Whilescience fiction novels are often thought experiments,they also cant just be thought experiments.That meansyoure going to have to come up with an appealing story that bringsthese questions to life.Ask yourself:What isthe change that will occur over th
43、e course of your story,either in the world or in the life of the main character?Create an interesting world._19_The intricately(错综复杂地)imagined details that make up your worldshould flow in some way from the idea at the heart of your story.In that way,the world you create in your sci-finovel also rev
44、eals something about your point of view on the real world Even the most fantastically imagined storyis still a reflection of real-world questions and problems.Make sure the rules of your world are consistent.One of the qualities that set sci-fi novels apart from fantasyand surrealism(超现实主义)is that n
45、o matter how strange or fantastic the world is,it still obeys an internallyconsistent logic._20_But it must be understandable and in order for it to feel believable to the reader.A.Focus on character development.B.Make sure youre telling a good story.C.That said,writing science fiction requires many
46、 unique considerations.D.That logic will necessarily be different from the logic that governs reality.E.Before you start writing,have some sense of the question your novel is asking.F.A sci-fi novel set in a technologically backward world would violate the rules of the reality.G.World building is on
47、e of the most important parts of creating a compelling sci-fi story.第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Right after the Second World War,aUSarmy officer and his wife lived inJapan.Unemployment_21_60%.Peo
48、ple came to the army wifes door daily seeking employment.One man said that he could do wonders for hergarden if she would only give him a(an)_22_.So,for the first time in her life,this young armywife_23_a gardener.He spoke no English,but the wife gave him_24_through sign language,penciland paper.He
49、listened politely and_25_her directions exactly.The garden became a(an)_26_one inthe neighborhood.When she finally_27_that her new gardener knew far more about the matter than she,thewife_28_giving him directions and let him_29_take care of the garden.It was wonderful,indeed.Then one day the gardene
50、r came with an interpreter（口译译员）who expressed the_30_and the regrets ofthe gardener.He will no longer be able to_31_your garden.He must leave.The wife expressed her_32_and thanked him through the interpreter for making her garden such afine one.Out of_33_,she asked the interpreter,Where is he going?