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1、虚拟语气第1页，本讲稿共40页虚拟语气虚拟语气the Subjunctive Mood(I)GRAMMER 语法语法第2页，本讲稿共40页(The Subjunctive Mood)表示说话人所说的表示说话人所说的话不是事实话不是事实,而是一种而是一种假设假设,愿望愿望,怀疑怀疑,建议建议或或推测推测。虚拟语气主要用于。虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句条件状语从句,也也可用于名词性从句等。可用于名词性从句等。第3页，本讲稿共40页What would you do if you won the lottery(彩票彩票)?If I won the lottery,I would第4页，本讲稿共
2、40页If I won the lottery,I would buy an expensive car.第5页，本讲稿共40页If I had a lot of money,I might buy a villa(别墅别墅).第6页，本讲稿共40页If I were a millionaire,I would travel around the world.第7页，本讲稿共40页If I won the lottery,I would buy an expensive car.If I had a lot of money,I might buy a villa(别墅别墅).If I wer
3、e a millionaire,I would travel around the world.第8页，本讲稿共40页条件从句If 从句主句的谓语形式现在过去时过去时/(were)would/could/should/might+v.(原原)一一.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。第9页，本讲稿共40页a.If they _(be)here,they _(take)your advice.b.If the world-war _(burst)out again,what _(happen)to our people on earth?werewould takeb
4、urstwould happenFill in the blanks.第10页，本讲稿共40页If he had driven more carefully,the accident wouldnt have happened yesterday.第11页，本讲稿共40页If he had driven more carefully,the accident wouldnt have happened yesterday.If the rules of perspective had not been discovered,no one would have been able to pain
5、t such realistic pictures.第12页，本讲稿共40页条件从句 If 从句 主句的谓语形式过去过去完成时过去完成时had donehad donewould/could/should/might+have done第13页，本讲稿共40页a.If Tom _(be)more careful in the exam,he _(pass)it already.b.If I _(meet)you yesterday,we _(go)to the concert together.had beenwould have passed Fill in the blanks.had m
6、etwould have gone第14页，本讲稿共40页If it should snow tomorrow,we would take photos.If it were to snow tomorrow,we would take photos.If it snowed tomorrow,we would take photos.第15页，本讲稿共40页条件从句If 从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式未来1.should+v.2.were to do3.过去时过去时 would/could/should/might+v.(原原)第16页，本讲稿共40页假如他来了假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？我
7、们对他说什么呢？If he were to come,what should we say to him?假如他看见我假如他看见我,就会认识我。就会认识我。If he should see me,he would know me.第17页，本讲稿共40页注意：省略注意：省略if倒装：倒装：Were I you,I would try it again.Had he been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.Should it snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.If I were you,I would try
8、 it again.If he had been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.If it should snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.若虚拟条件句中有若虚拟条件句中有 were,had,should 时，时，可省略可省略 if 而将而将 were,had,should 移到句首。移到句首。第18页，本讲稿共40页一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法时态时态If 从句的形式主句的形式现在过去未来did/werewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should
9、/might+have done1.should do2.were to do3.过去时would/could/should/might+V.(原)had done第19页，本讲稿共40页 含蓄的虚拟语气含蓄的虚拟语气有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是通过一个介词来表示或通过上下文或其他方式表示 如“but for”，“without”“supposing”“otherwise”等表示含蓄的虚拟：Without the new paints and new technique,we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces
10、.Without the Impressionists,many of these painting styles might not exist.第20页，本讲稿共40页1.I am not free today.If I _free today,I _ and visit some of my friends.A.am will go B.were,would go C.shall be D.be,must go2.If there were no subjunctive mood,English _much easier.A.will be B.would have been C.cou
11、ld have been D.would be小试身手：小试身手：第21页，本讲稿共40页3.If you _tomorrow,you _find the new manager working in the office.A.should come;would B.would come;wouldC.will come;should D.comes;might4.I didnt see your sister at the meeting.If she _,she would have met my brother.A.has come B.did come C.came D.had com
12、e第22页，本讲稿共40页5._it rain tomorrow,we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will6.Without liberation(解放)we _ a new life.A.would not begin B.would not have been begunC.had not begun D.would not have begun第23页，本讲稿共40页7.But for the help of my teacher,I _ the fir
13、st prize in the English Writing Competition.A.would not win B.would not have wonC.would win D.would have won第24页，本讲稿共40页Wish 在动词在动词wish后的宾语从句中后的宾语从句中,表示与现在或表示与现在或过去的事实相反过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望或对将来的主观愿望,常常用虚拟语气用虚拟语气.1)表示对表示对现在情况的虚拟现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用从句动词用过去过去式式(be动词一般用动词一般用were)。第25页，本讲稿共40页I wishI were as tall
14、as you.第26页，本讲稿共40页I wish every day were my birthday.第27页，本讲稿共40页I wish I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.(2)表示对表示对过去情况过去情况的虚拟的虚拟:从句动词从句动词常用常用“had过去分词过去分词”。第28页，本讲稿共40页(3)表示对将来的主观愿望表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式为从句动词形式为“would/could/might动词原形动词原形”。I wish he could go with us tomorrow.We wish our parents _(not punis
15、h)us.wouldnt punish第29页，本讲稿共40页1.How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden.A.has B.hadC.will have D.had had 2.How I wish I _to repair the watch!I only made it worse.A.had tried B.hadnt triedC.have tried D.didnt try第30页，本讲稿共40页as if/as though由由as if(as though)引导的状语从句表示方式引导的状语从句表示
16、方式时时,从句从句谓语形式为动词谓语形式为动词的过去式的过去式(be用用were)或或“had过去分词过去分词”。他那样对待我他那样对待我,好像我是陌生人似的。好像我是陌生人似的。He treats me as if I were a stranger.第31页，本讲稿共40页She talks about Rome as if she had been there herself.第32页，本讲稿共40页2.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令命令：order,command 三个建议建议：advise,suggest,pr
17、opose四个要求要求：demand,require,request,desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词气。即从句中的动词 使用使用should+动词原动词原形，形，should可以省略可以省略.第33页，本讲稿共40页1.我们建议我们建议Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我们立即出发。他坚决要求我们立即出发。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。1.We suggested that Tom(should)have a rest.2.He insisted that we(should)set
18、 out at once.3.The king ordered that the prisoners(should)be killed the next day.第34页，本讲稿共40页 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括句包括主语从句主语从句，表语从句表语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。即：样。即：(should)V.order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire第35页，本讲稿共40页Its suggested that
19、the plan(should)be carried out.My demand is that she(should)come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory(should)be closed down.(主语从句主语从句)(表语从句表语从句)(同位语从句同位语从句)_第36页，本讲稿共40页It is important/necessary/essential/vital/strange that(should)It is strange that _.he shoul
20、d miss such a golden opportunity 第37页，本讲稿共40页Libya第38页，本讲稿共40页Discussion:If I were the president of Libya,I wouldIf I were a solider in Libya,I wouldIf I were a child in Libya,I wouldI wish I could go to school.my parents were with me.there were no war in the world.第39页，本讲稿共40页Homework 1.Review 2.Finish the exercises on Page 第40页，本讲稿共40页