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1、高考英语语法解析-时间状语从句全解时间状语从句 一、从属连词的分类一、从属连词的分类1.表示“当时候”或“每当”的从属连词：when，while，as，wheneverDont talk while youre eating.吃饭时不要说话。Vegetables are best when they are fresh.蔬菜新鲜时最好吃。He came just as I was leaving.我正要走时他来了。Id like to see you whenever its convenient.一有方便的时间，我就去看你。2.表示“在之前（或之后）”的从属连词：before，afterTr
2、y to finish your work before you leave.离开前设法把工作做完。After we have finished tea，we will sit on the grass.喝完茶之后我们将坐在草地上。3.表示“自从”或“直到”的从属连词：since，until，tillShes been playing tennis since she was eight.她从八岁起就打网球了。Hold on until I fetch help.坚持一下，等我找人来帮忙。时间状语从句 二、名词短语作从属连词二、名词短语作从属连词1.the+瞬间名词the moment，the
3、 minute，the instant，the second 表示“一就”Telephone me the moment you get the results.一有结果，马上给我打电话。The minute he saw her he fell in love.他对她一见倾心。I was so tired that I fell asleep the instant I closed my eyes.我很累，一合上眼就睡着了。She put down the receiver the second she recognized my voice.她一听出是我的声音，马上就放下电话听筒。【比较
4、】 一听到这个消息，我马上就来了。I came here as soon as I heard the news.I came here immediately/directly/instantly I heard the news.I came here the moment/the minute/the instant I heard the news. On hearing the news，I came here. At the news，I came here.2.the+季节名词the spring/summer/autumn/winter表示“在的那年春/夏/秋/冬天”His w
5、ife left him the spring he went abroad.他出国的那年春天，他的妻子离开了他。He sold his house and went to the south the summer he lost his job.在他失业的那年夏天，他卖掉房子去了南方。She got married the autumn she graduated from college.她大学毕业的那年秋天就结婚了。He was sent to prison the winter his third daughter was born.在他第三个女儿出生的那年冬天，他被关进了监狱。3.t
6、he+时间名词the hour/day/night/week/month/season/year表示“在的时候/那天/那晚/那周/那月/那个季节/那年”The hour he was in her office，he felt very sad.当他在她办公室的时候，他感到很伤心。The day he returned home，his father was already dead.他回家的那一天，父亲已经去世了。The night I went to see her，she had left for Beijing.我去看她的那晚，她去了北京。The year he lived in th
7、e country，he learned a lot.在乡下的那一年，他学到了不少东西。Mr Smith didnt go to work the week his wife was ill.史密斯先生在他妻子生病的那个星期没去上班。4.the+序数词+timethe first time/the second time/the next time/the last time 第一次/第二次/下次/上次My girlfriend beat me at chess the first time we played.我头一次和女朋友下棋，她就把我打败了。The second time I saw
8、her，she looked like an old woman.我第二次见到她时，她看上去像一个老太婆。The third time I went there，I found all of the offices were all empty.我第三次去那儿时，发现所有的办公室都是空的。Next time you come in，please close the door.下次你进来，请关门。The last time we talked he said he needed another two days.上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。5.不定代词+timeevery time/each
9、 time/any time 每次/每次/随时Every time I ring her，the phone is engaged.我每次给她打电话，电话都占线。He felt nervous each time she spoke to him.每次她和他讲话，他都感到紧张。Any time you come to London do come to see me.无论什么时候来伦敦，你一定要来看我。时间状语从句 三、时间从属连词的用法三、时间从属连词的用法1.when（1）when引导的时间状语从句中，既可用短暂性动词也可用延续性动词。I bought the car when I rec
10、eived my first salary.我是在领第一笔薪水的时候买的车。（短暂性动作）Dont get excited when you talk.说话的时候不要激动。（延续性动作）（2）when引导时间状语从句时，要遵循“主将从现”原则。I shall tell her the good news when she comes.她来时，我将告诉她这个好消息。When I grow up，Ill be a nurse and look after patients.我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人。（3）whenever表示过去或现在的习惯动作，意为“每当的时候”。We shall go w
11、henever we are free.我们一有空就去。They were scolded whenever they were late for school.每当他们上学迟到都要挨骂。2.while（1）while引导的时间状语从句中，只能用延续性动词。They arrived while I was sunbathing.当我正在进行日光浴时，他们来了。While we were talking，he came in.我们正在谈话时，他进来了。（2）while表示“在过程中”，强调某一段时间内主句与从句的谓语动作同时发生。Keep an eye on my little sister w
12、hile I am away.我不在时，请照看一下我的小妹妹。While you are young，you must work hard.趁年轻的时候，你要努力工作。3.as（1）as引导时间状语从句时，多强调主句和从句中的动作或状态同时发生。As I waited at the stop，I heard a big noise.在车站等车时，我听到一个很大的声响。She rose up as he entered.他进来时，她站了起来。（2）as意为“随着”，表示随着时间的变化而变化。We get wiser as we get older.我们随着年龄的增长而变得越来越聪明。As the
13、 sun rose the frog dispersed.太阳出来雾就消散。【比较】 日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。As the day went on，the weather got worse.（as引导时间状语从句）With the day going on，the weather got worse.（with短语作主语）4.till，until（1）till和until 一般可以互换，意为“直到为止”。They waited till/until I returned.他们一直等到我回来。I shall work till/until eleven oclock.我要工作到11点。（
14、2）短暂性动词用于“not .until”句式；延续性动词则用肯定式。She worked until one oclock in the morning.她一直工作到凌晨一点。（延续性动词）She did not stop working until one oclock in the morning.她一直工作到凌晨一点。（短暂性动词）（3）“not until .”置于句首时用倒装形式。Not until 1998 did he return to his hometown.直到1998年他才回到家乡。Not until Father came back did we begin to
15、have supper last night.昨晚直到父亲回来，我们才开始吃晚饭。（4）“not .until”句式的强调形式。It was not until yesterday that I noticed it.直到昨天我才注意到此事。It was not until I saw Mary that I felt happy.直到见到玛丽我才高兴起来。5.since（1）since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，意为“自从以来”。Since I left school till now，I have written to him twice.自从我离开学校到现在，我给他
16、写过两封信。Since he went to Shanghai，I have not heard from him.自从他去了上海以后，我就没有接到过他的信。（2）“It is+一段时间+since”句式It is a long time since he left.自从他离开，已经有很长时间了。It is three years already since he came to study in this university.自从他到这个大学来学习，已经有三年了。（3）since引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词用短暂性动词和延续性动词意义不同。Since he began to live h
17、ere，I have not seen him.自从他住到这里，我就没有见过他。（短暂性动词）Since he lived here，I have not seen him.自从他离开这里，我就没有见过他。（延续性动词）It is two years since I served in the army.自从我复员以来已经两年了。（延续性动词）It is two years since I began to serve in the army.我参军已经两年了。（短暂性动词）6.before（1）表示“在之前”We do want to buy something now before pri
18、ces go up.在物价上涨之前我们的确想买点东西。The train had left before I arrived at the station.在我到达车站之前火车已开走了。（2）表示“在之后才”It was midnight before he came back.他半夜以后才回来。The American Civil War lasted four years before the north won in the end.美国南北战争持续了四年，北方才最终取得胜利。（3）表示“还未来得及就”Someone called me up，but they hung up befor
19、e I could answer the phone.有人给我打电话，可是我还没来得及接，电话就挂断了。He jumped into the water before I could stop him.我还没有来得及阻止他，他就跳进了水里。（4）表示“趁着”We can set off early before it gets hot.我们可以趁着天不热早点出发。Youd better write the phrases down before you forget them.趁着你还没有忘记，赶紧把这些词组写下来.Please put them away before they are mi
20、ssing.趁着还没有丢，把它们收好吧。（5）表示“不知不觉多少时间已经过去了”Time passed quickly and three years went by before he knew it.时间飞快地流逝，不知不觉中三年已过去了。Several weeks had gone by before I realized the painting was missing.几周过去了，我才意识到这幅画不见了。It was .before 过了（多长时间）才It will be .before 要用（多长时间）才It wasnt .before 没过（多长时间）就It wont be .before 用不了（多长时间）就会学科网（北京）股份有限公司