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1、初中不规则动词过去式第1页,本讲稿共21页 Active and Passive Voice VoiceThevoiceofaverbtellswhetherthesubjectofthesentenceperformsorreceivestheaction.InEnglishtherearetwovoices,passiveandactive.第2页,本讲稿共21页 Active and Passive VoiceActiveVoiceInactivevoice,thesubjectperformstheactionexpressedbytheverb:Thestudentwroteason
2、g.PassiveVoiceInpassivevoice,thesubjectreceivestheactionexpressedbytheverb:Asongwaswrittenbythestudent.第3页,本讲稿共21页1。结构。结构be+过去分词过去分词(及物的及物的)2。各种时态的被动结构:。各种时态的被动结构:一般时态:一般时态:am/is/are+过去分词过去分词TheChinesefood_tobethehealthiestintheworld.A.considersB.isconsideringC.isconsideredD.hasconsidered第4页,本讲稿共21页
3、1。结构。结构be+过去分词过去分词过去时态:过去时态:was/were+过去分词过去分词John_,forhewentswimmingyesterdaywithoutpermission.A.wouldpunishedB.hadpunishedC.punishedD.waspunished第5页,本讲稿共21页1。结构。结构be+过去分词过去分词现在进行时态:现在进行时态:am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词-Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?-Notyet.Rooms_.A.arepaintingB.arepaintedC.arebeingpainting
4、D.arebeingpainted第6页,本讲稿共21页过去进行时态:过去进行时态:was/were+being+过去分过去分词词Mr.Wuwasinhospital.Whenwewenttoseehim,he_on.A.operatedB.wasoperatedC.wasoperatingD.wasbeingoperated第7页,本讲稿共21页一般将来时态:一般将来时态:will+be+过去分词过去分词Thenewschool_whenthenewtermbegins.A.finishesB.willfinishC.willbefinishedD.wouldfinish第8页,本讲稿共21
5、页过去将来时态:过去将来时态:would+be+过去分词过去分词Theoldscientistsaidthathe_tovisittheircountrybeforelong.A.invitedB.hadinvitedC.wasinvitingD.wouldbeinvited第9页,本讲稿共21页现在完成时态:现在完成时态:have/has+been+过去分词过去分词WiththehelpoftheHopeProject,moreandmorenewschools_inthepoorarea.A.builtB.havebuiltC.havebeenbuiltD.havebeenbuilding
6、第10页,本讲稿共21页过去完成时态:过去完成时态:had+been+过去分词过去分词Hecameoutandtoldusthatthework_.A.finishedB.wasfinishedC.hadfinishedD.hadbeenfinished情态动词:情态动词:情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词Theprogrammes_ifyouuseashortwaveradio.A.canpickupB.pickupC.pickedupD.canbepickedup第11页,本讲稿共21页3.何时用被动语态何时用被动语态a)不知道或没必要知道动作的执者。不知道或没必要知道动作的执者。T
7、hebookwasfirstpublishedinthelate1990s.b)不便说出动作的执行者。不便说出动作的执行者。Theplanwasgenerallyconsideredimpractical.第12页,本讲稿共21页3.何时用被动语态何时用被动语态c)突出动作的承受者。突出动作的承受者。Sheisrespectedbyalltheworkersofthefactory.第13页,本讲稿共21页d)汉语中的无主句,在英语中用被动语态汉语中的无主句,在英语中用被动语态。Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.e)为了保持主语的一贯性。为了保持主语的一贯性。
8、Theoldprofessorwheeledhimselfintotheclassroomandwaswarmlyapplaudedbythestudents.第14页,本讲稿共21页4.不用被动语态的情况不用被动语态的情况:1)不及物动词不用被动语态;注意:)不及物动词不用被动语态;注意:happen,occur,takeplaceThestorywashappenedin1934.()2)表状态的动词不用被动语态;)表状态的动词不用被动语态;have,lack,fitIhaveanewbike.第15页,本讲稿共21页3)连系动词不用被动语态;)连系动词不用被动语态;Thestoryiss
9、oundedtrue.()4)有些短语不用被动语态有些短语不用被动语态doonesbest,makeaface,makeroom(腾位子)腾位子)makeuponesmindbelongto第16页,本讲稿共21页5.特殊情况特殊情况(考试重点(考试重点)1)感官动词)感官动词(taste;feel;smell;sound;look)用主动形式表示被动。用主动形式表示被动。Howsweetthemusicsounds!Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.第17页,本讲稿共21页5.特殊情况特殊情况(考试重点(考试重点)2)write、read、sell、kee
10、p、prove、weigh、drink、wash、open/shut常用主动常用主动形式表被动意义。尤其是有副词形式表被动意义。尤其是有副词well,easily时。时。Thebooksellswell.这本书销路很好。这本书销路很好。Thedoorwillnotopen.(这扇门就是打这扇门就是打不开。不开。)Thisdresswashesbetter.Thesignreadsasfollows.(这牌子告示如这牌子告示如下。下。)第18页,本讲稿共21页3)在)在“主主be形容词不定式形容词不定式”的结的结构中,主语是不定式动词动作的承受者。构中,主语是不定式动词动作的承受者。e.g.He
11、iseasytogetalongwith.Thesentenceisdifficulttounderstand.Thequestioniseasytoanswer.4).betoblamee.g.Heistoblameforthebrokenwindow.第19页,本讲稿共21页5)need,demand,want(需要)需要),require,beworth等后用动名词表被动。等后用动名词表被动。Thedeskneedsrepairing.Thenovelisworthseeing.注意:注意:need后可接动名词表被动,又可接动词不后可接动名词表被动,又可接动词不定式的被动形式。但若有附加成分用动词不定式定式的被动形式。但若有附加成分用动词不定式的被动形式。的被动形式。比较:比较:Thedeskneedsrepairing.Thedeskneedstoberepairedthisafternoon.第20页,本讲稿共21页注意动名词的被动形式,(注意动名词的被动形式,(beingdone)Nobodylikesbeinglaughedof.没人喜欢被没人喜欢被嘲笑。嘲笑。5)beworthdoing e.g.Thebookisworthreading.第21页,本讲稿共21页