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1、ThePassiveVoice Active and Passive Voice VoiceThevoiceofaverbtellswhetherthesubjectofthesentenceperformsorreceivestheaction.InEnglishtherearetwovoices,passiveandactive.Active and Passive VoiceActiveVoiceInactivevoice,thesubjectperformstheactionexpressedbytheverb:Thestudentwroteasong.PassiveVoiceInpa
2、ssivevoice,thesubjectreceivestheactionexpressedbytheverb:Asongwaswrittenbythestudent.1。结构。结构be+过去分词过去分词(及物的及物的)2。各种时态的被动结构：。各种时态的被动结构：一般时态：一般时态：am/is/are+过去分词过去分词TheChinesefood_tobethehealthiestintheworld.A.considersB.isconsideringC.isconsideredD.hasconsidered1。结构。结构be+过去分词过去分词过去时态：过去时态：was/were+过去分
3、词过去分词John_,forhewentswimmingyesterdaywithoutpermission.A.wouldpunishedB.hadpunishedC.punishedD.waspunished1。结构。结构be+过去分词过去分词现在进行时态：现在进行时态：am/is/are+being+过去过去分词分词-Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?-Notyet.Rooms_.A.arepaintingB.arepaintedC.arebeingpaintingD.arebeingpainted过去进行时态：过去进行时态：was/were+being+过去过去分
4、词分词Mr.Wuwasinhospital.Whenwewenttoseehim,he_on.A.operatedB.wasoperatedC.wasoperatingD.wasbeingoperated一般将来时态：一般将来时态：will+be+过去分词过去分词Thenewschool_whenthenewtermbegins.A.finishesB.willfinishC.willbefinishedD.wouldfinish过去将来时态：过去将来时态：would+be+过去分词过去分词Theoldscientistsaidthathe_tovisittheircountrybeforel
5、ong.A.invitedB.hadinvitedC.wasinvitingD.wouldbeinvited现在完成时态：现在完成时态：have/has+been+过去分过去分词词WiththehelpoftheHopeProject,moreandmorenewschools_inthepoorarea.A.builtB.havebuiltC.havebeenbuiltD.havebeenbuilding过去完成时态：过去完成时态：had+been+过去分词过去分词Hecameoutandtoldusthatthework_.A.finishedB.wasfinishedC.hadfinis
6、hedD.hadbeenfinished情态动词：情态动词：情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词Theprogrammes_ifyouuseashortwaveradio.A.canpickupB.pickupC.pickedupD.canbepickedup3.何时用被动语态何时用被动语态a)不知道或没必要知道动作的执者。不知道或没必要知道动作的执者。b)Thebookwasfirstpublishedinthelate1990s.b)不便说出动作的执行者。不便说出动作的执行者。Theplanwasgenerallyconsideredimpractical.3.何时用被动语态何时用被动
7、语态c)突出动作的承受者。突出动作的承受者。Sheisrespectedbyalltheworkersofthefactory.d)汉语中的无主句，在英语中用被动语汉语中的无主句，在英语中用被动语态态。Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.e)为了保持主语的一贯性。为了保持主语的一贯性。Theoldprofessorwheeledhimselfintotheclassroomandwaswarmlyapplaudedbythestudents.4.不用被动语态的情况不用被动语态的情况：1）不及物动词不用被动语态；注意：）不及物动词不用被动语态；注意：happen,
8、occur,takeplaceThestorywashappenedin1934.(）2）表状态的动词不用被动语态；表状态的动词不用被动语态；have,lack,fitIhaveanewbike.3）连系动词不用被动语态；）连系动词不用被动语态；Thestoryissoundedtrue.(）4）有些短语不用被动语态有些短语不用被动语态doonesbest,makeaface,makeroom(腾位子）腾位子）makeuponesmindbelongto5.特殊情况特殊情况（考试重点（考试重点）1）感官动词）感官动词(taste;feel;smell;sound;look)用主动形式表示被动。
9、用主动形式表示被动。Howsweetthemusicsounds!Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.5.特殊情况特殊情况（考试重点（考试重点）2）write、read、sell、keep、prove、weigh、drink、wash、open/shut常用主常用主动形式表被动意义。尤其是有副词动形式表被动意义。尤其是有副词well,easily时。时。Thebooksellswell.这本书销路很好。这本书销路很好。Thedoorwillnotopen.(这扇门就这扇门就是打不开。是打不开。)Thisdresswashesbetter.Thesignread
10、sasfollows.(这牌子告示这牌子告示如下。如下。)3）在）在“主主be形容词不定式形容词不定式”的的结构中，主语是不定式动词动作的承结构中，主语是不定式动词动作的承受者。受者。e.g.Heiseasytogetalongwith.Thesentenceisdifficulttounderstand.Thequestioniseasytoanswer.4).betoblamee.g.Heistoblameforthebrokenwindow.5）need,demand,want(需要）需要）,require,beworth等后用动名词表被动。等后用动名词表被动。Thedeskneedsr
11、epairing.Thenovelisworthseeing.注意：注意：need后可接动名词表被动，又可接动后可接动名词表被动，又可接动词不定式的被动形式。但若有附加成分用动词不定式的被动形式。但若有附加成分用动词不定式的被动形式。词不定式的被动形式。比较：比较：Thedeskneedsrepairing.Thedeskneedstoberepairedthisafternoon.注意动名词的被动形式，（注意动名词的被动形式，（beingdone)Nobodylikesbeinglaughedof.没人喜没人喜欢被嘲笑。欢被嘲笑。5)beworthdoing e.g.Thebookisworthreading.