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1、Reading Comprehension for CET 6Reading Comprehension for CET 6Passage 1Passage 1In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia,one scene shows anAmerican newspaper reporter eagerly snapping photos of menlooting a sabotaged of the looters,Chief Auda abu Tayi of theHoweitat clan,suddenly notices the camera and
2、snatches I inthishe asks,before smashing it the dismayedreporter,Lawrence explains,He thinks these things will stealhis thinks youre a kind of thief.As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking camerasinto distant lands,stories began circulating about howindigenous peoples saw them as tools for
3、black ignorantnatives may have had a photography first becameavailable,scientists welcomed it as a more objective way ofrecording faraway societies than early travelers exaggeratedin some ways,anthropological photographs reveal more about theculture that holds the camera than the one that stares int
4、othe 1950s and 1960s,many ethnographers sought pure pictures ofprimitive cultures,routinely deleting modern accoutrementssuch as clocks and Western paid men and women to re-enactrituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties,oftenwith little regard for Curtis,the legendary photographer ofNo
5、rth American Indians,for example,got one Makah man to poseas a whaler with a spear in 1915-even though the Makah had nothunted whales in a generation.These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypesthat indigenous cultures were isolated,primitive,andinstance,National Geographic magazines pho
6、tographs havetaught millions of Americans about other Catherine Lutz andJane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading NationalGeographic,the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept atradition of presenting beautiful photos that dont challengewhite,middle-class American dark-skinned women ca
7、n be shownwithout tops,for example,white womens breasts are that couldunsettle or disturb,such as areas of the world torn asunder bywar or famine,are discarded in favor of those that reassure,toconform with the societys stated pledge to present only kindlyvisions of foreign result,Lutz and Collins s
8、ay,is thedepiction of an idealized and exotic world relatively free ofpain or class conflict.Lutz actually likes National Geographic a read themagazine as a child,and its lush imagery influenced hereventual choice of anthropology as a just thinks that aspeople look at the photographs of other cultur
9、es,they shouldbe alert to the choice of composition and images.main idea of the passage is_.APhotographs taken by Western explorers reflect moreWesterners perception of the indigenous cultures and theWestern values.BThere is a complicated relationship between the Westernexplorers and the primitive p
10、eoples.CPopular magazines such as National Geographic should showpictures of the exotic and idealized worlds to maintain highsales.DAnthropologists ask the natives to pose for theirpictures,compromising the truthfulness of their pictures.can infer from the passage that early travelers to the nativel
11、ands often_.Atook pictures with the nativesBgave exaggerated accounts of the native landsCask for pictures from the nativesDgave the natives clocks and Western dresses author mentions the movie Lawrence of Arabia to_.Ashow how people in the indigenous societies are portrayedby Westerners.Billustrate
12、 how people from primitive societiessee camerasas tools of black magic that steal their virtues.Cshow how anthropologists portray untruthful pictures ofnative people.Dshow the cruel and barbarian side of the native people.4.“But in some ways,anthropological photographs reveal moreabout the culture t
13、hat holds the camera than the one that staresback.”In this sentence,the“oneculturethat stares back”refers to_.Athe indigenous cultureBthe Western cultureCthe academic cultureDthe news business culture which of the following statements would Catherine Lutz mostprobably agreeAReporters from the Wester
14、n societies should routinelydelete modern elements in pictures taken of the indigenoussocieties.BThe primitive cultures are inferior to the more advancedWestern culture.CThe western media are not presenting a realistic picture ofthe faraway societies.DPeople in the Western news business should try n
15、ot tochallenge the well-established white middle-class values.答案答案:A B B A C:A B B A CPassage 2Passage 2The British Medical Journal recently featured a strongresponse to what was judged an inappropriately lenient reactionby a medical school to a student cheating in an we haveinsufficient reliable da
16、ta about the extent of thisphenomenon,its prevention,or its effective management,muchcan be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common senseand concepts with face validity.There is general agreement that there should be zerotolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and oneon which hu
17、man lives is reasonable to assume that cheaters inmedical school will be more likely than others to continue toact dishonestly with patients,colleagues,insurers,andgovernment.The behaviours under question are multifactorial in arefamilial,religious,and cultural values that are acquired longbefore me
18、dical example,countries,cultures,and subculturesexist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are almost a aresecondary schools in which neither staff nor students toleratecheating and others where cheating is rampant;there are homeswhich imbue young people with high standards of ethicalbehaviour and o
19、thers which leave ethical training to theharmful influence of television and the market place.Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected toremedy all the ills of a selection process of medical studentsmight be expected to favour candidates with integrity andpositive ethical behaviourif o
20、ne had a reliable method fordetecting such characteristics in schools should be the majorfocus of attention for imbuing future doctors with integrityand ethical there are troubling,if inconclusive,data thatsuggest that during medical school the ethical behaviour ofmedical students does not necessari
21、ly improve;indeed,moraldevelopment may actually stop or even regress.The creation of a pervasive institutional culture ofintegrity is is critical that the academic and clinicalleaders of the institution set a personal example of schoolsmust make their institutional position and their expectationsof
22、students absolutely clear from day development of aschools culture of integrity requires a partnership with thestudents in which they play an active role in its creationand,the schools examination system and general treatment ofstudents must be perceived as,the treatment of infractionsmust be firm,f
23、air,transparent,and consistent.does the author say about cheating in medical schoolsAExtensive research has been done about this phenomenon.BWe have sufficient data to prove that prevention isfeasible.CWe are safe to conclude that this phenomenon exists on agrand scale.DReliable data about the exten
24、t,prevention and management ofthe phenomenon is lacking.to the author,it is important to prevent cheating in medicalschools because_.AThe medical profession is based on trust.BThere is zero tolerance of cheating in medicine.CThe medical profession depends on the government.DCheating exists extensive
25、ly in medical schools.does the author say about the cause(s)of cheatingAFamily,culture and society play an active part.BBad school environment is the leading cause of studentcheating.CParents are always to blame for their children s cheatingbehaviour.DCheating exists primarily because students learn
26、 bad thingsfrom TV.to the author,what precautions should medical schools take toprevent students from cheatingAMedical schools should establish a firm moral standard toweed out applicants with low integrity.BMedical schools should make efforts to remedy the ills ofa society.CMedical schools should t
27、each future doctors integrity andethical values.DThere is nothing medical schools can do to improve theethical behaviour of their students.author will probably agree with which of the followingstatementsAMedical schools should make exams easier for the studentsto alleviate the fierce competition.BPr
28、ominent figures inthe medical institution should createa set of moral standards to be applied in medical schools.CMedical students should play an active role in the creationand preservation of a culture of integrity.DThose students who cheat in the exams should be instantlyexpelled from school.答案答案:
29、D A A C C:D A A C CPassage 3Passage 3A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concernedthe content of the games being the narratives of the games areanalyzed they can be seen to fall into some genres.The twogenres most popular with the children I interviewed werePlatformers andBeat-them-up
30、s.Platform games such asSonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform toplatform,avoiding obstacles,moving on through the levels,andprogressing through the different stages of the are the gameswhich have caused concern over their violent games involvefights between animated many ways this viol
31、ence can becompared to violence within children s cartoons where acharacter is hit over the head or falls of a cliff but walksaway unscathed.Controversy has occurred in part because of the intensityof the game play,which is said to spill over into children s everyday are worries that children are be
32、coming more violentand aggressive after prolonged exposure to these computergames involves feelings of intense frustration and anger whichoften expresses itself in aggressive yells at the is notonly theBeat-them-up games which produce thisaggression;platform games are just as frustrating when thecha
33、racters lose all theirlives anddie just before theend of the level is gaming relies upon intense concentrationon the moving images on the screen and demands great hand-to-eyethe player loses and the wordsGame over appear on thescreen,there is annoyance and frustration at being beaten bythe computer
34、and at having made an anger and aggression couldperhaps be compared to the aggression felt when playingfootball and you take your eye off the ball and enable theopposition to annoyance experienced when defeated at acomputer game is what makes gamingaddictive:the player isdetermined not to make the s
35、ame mistake again and to haveonelast go in the hope of doing better next time.Some of the concern over the violence of computer games hasbeen about children who are unable to tell the differencebetween fiction and reality and who act out the violent movesof the games in fight on the problem with vid
36、eo games is thatthey involve children more than television or films and thismeans there are more implications for their social these gamescan lead to anti-socialbehavior,make children aggressive andaffect their emotional stability.is the topic of this articleAHow does playing computer games affect t
37、he level of violencein childrenBThere is no difference between Platform games andBeat-Them-Ups.CHow to control anger while playing computer gamesDHow to make children spend less time on computer games of the following games is supposed to contain violent contentASonicBSuper MarioCPlatformerDBeat-The
38、m-Up does unscathed(Paragraph 1,Last line)probably meanAunsettledBunbeatenCunharmedDunhappy to the second paragraph,how does violence relate to playingcomputer gamesAWhen losing computer games children tend to experiencefrustration and anger.BBeat-Them-Ups are more popular with children therefore mo
39、relikely to produce violent behavior.CPeople who have good hand-eye-coordination tend to be moreviolent than others.DThe violent content in the games gets children addicted tothe games.to the author,why do video games lead to violence more thanTV or moviesABecause children cannot tell fiction from r
40、eality.BBecause children like to act out the scenes in the gamesonthe playground.CBecause computer games involve children more than TV orfilms.DBecause computer games can produce more anti-socialbehavior.答案答案:A D C A C:A D C A CPassage 4Passage 4In Brazil,the debate over genetically modifiedorganism
41、s,or GMOs,affects mostly soybean is the worldssecond largest producer of soybeans behind the United Statesand ahead of European and Asian retailers want to remain GMfree.Non-governmental organizations(NGOs)in Brazil are goingon a media offensive to prevent the legalization of geneticallymodified and
42、 consumer groups for years have been able tothwart government and companies attemptsto legalize alteredradio dramas that are being broadcast in remoteregions,Brazilian NGOs are telling soy farmers the use ofgenetically modified seeds could endanger their health,theirfields and their are not saying t
43、hat genetic engineering is,inprinciple,something bad;we say that we need more science to besure that it will work in an appropriate way with no harm inthe future,said campaign coordinator Jean-Marc von der isboth for health and environmental other question is on wethink is that in Brazil,if we appro
44、ve the GMOs,we will lose aspectacular advantage that we have are selling more to theinternational market,mostly for Europe and Asia,than we havedone in our history,because we are not GMO contaminated.Another opposition group,Action Aid,has been organizinggrass-roots support in Brazilian farming regi
45、ons to rouseconsumer sentiment against Aid public policy director AdrianoCampolina says he is fighting for farmers to remain thesmall-scale farmer or a big farmer starts using this kind ofseed,this farmer will be completely dependent on thetransnationals,which control intellectual property rightsove
46、r these seeds,he said.Brazilian scientist Crodowaldo Pavan said there should bechecks on what multinationals can do,but that doesnt mean GMseeds should be says fears over their usage are the officialban,Dr.Pavan says up to one third of Brazils soy crop isgenetically modified,because GM seed is being
47、 smuggled from sgovernment has invested heavily in a GM project by the.biotechcompany,Monsanto,but the project was put on ice following asuccessful court challenge by consumers.The anti-GMO groups are hoping the politicianspreoccupation with the October presidential election will givethem time to ga
48、ther enough support to defeat any future attemptsto legalize genetically altered crops.to the passage,the issue in dispute in Brazil is_.Acontamination of the environment by genetically modifiedcrops.BBrazils standing in the international marketCthe October presidential electionDthe legalization of
49、genetically modified organisms to the passage,Brazil is the worlds_soybeanproducer.AlargestBsecond largestCthird largestDfourth largest of the following statements is NOT true about NGOs in BrazilAThey believe genetically modified crops will harm thefarmers health.BThey believe genetic engineering i
50、s altogether a badpractice.CThey believe scientific methods should be introduced toensure GM brings no harm.DThey believe GMOs will harm Brazil economically.of the following statements is true about the organizationcalled Action AidAThey encourage the farmers to producegenetically modifiedproducts.B