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1、高考英语宾语从句高考英语宾语从句一、一、关联词关联词关联词又称“连词或“引导词，是宾语从句的重要组成局部。连词：1.连接代词that，who，whom，what，which2.连接副词when，where，why，how3.附属连词if，whether由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句，用if 或 whether 引导.在试卷中一般依据从句中在试卷中一般依据从句中“缺什么补什么的原那么，结合上下文选用恰当的连词。缺什么补什么的原那么，结合上下文选用恰当的连词。如：1.I dont know who will be our headteacher next s emester.缺指人的主语用 who
2、，如缺指物的主语那么用 what。2.I doubt what my epal will write soon.缺指物的宾语用 what，如缺指人的宾语那么用whom。3.I think that my deskmate will get through all the major subjects.句子不缺成分，用 that;如果 that后跟有代词，可省略 that。4.She let me know when the meeting would be held.缺时间状语，用 when；缺地点状语，用 where；缺原因状语，用 why；缺方式状语，用 how。5.I dont know
3、 which/what topic I should choose.缺定语，用 what 或 which。6.The teacher asked whether/ifI was getting ready for the coming test.表示“是否有，能，已经等含义，用 whether 或 if。7.Id be interested to know whether he will see the movie“Dawn or not.强调是否比照时，用连词whether。例例 1 1A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do
4、.A.howB.afterC.what D.when例例 2 2Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game.A.why B.whatC.whoD.that例例 3 3The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough.A.where B.howC.what D.which例例 4 4The way he did it was different _ we were used to.A.in which B.in whatC.fro
5、m whatD.from which例例 5 5He spoke proudly of his part in the game,without mentioning _ his teammates had done.A.what B.whichC.why D.while二、二、语序语序以附属连词if，whether、连接代词what，which，who，whose和连接副词when，where，how，why等引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序陈述句语序。例例 6 6No one can be sure _ in a million years.A.what man will look likeB.
6、what will man look likeC.man will look like whatD.what look will man like例例 7 7The boss went up to ask _.A.what the matter wasB.whats thematterC.what was the matterD.what the matter is三、三、时态时态宾语从句的时态要和主句相照应:1.如果主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词时态可不受约束；2.如果主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词的时态须与之照应；Eg.I thought he had gone to to
7、wn today.3.当从句表达的是客观真理时，其谓语动词仍用现在时态。如：Eg.Galileo insisted that the earth moves round the sun.例例 8 8The manager entered the office and was happy to learn four fifths of the tickets _.A.was bookedB.had been bookedC.were bookedD.have been booked例例 9 9We were all surprised when he made it clear that he
8、_ office soon.A.leavesB.would leaveC.had leftD.had been away例例 1010Do you work in the lab every afternoon?No,but sometimes I wish I _.A.have timeB.had time to doC.have time toD.had time to四、四、宾语从句的减缩式宾语从句的减缩式宾语从句有时可减缩为“疑问词+不定式的形式。例例 1111Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.
9、A.expectedB.to expectC.to be expectingD.expects例例 1212It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.A.it what to do withB.what to do it withC.what to do with itD.to do what with it例例 1313The mother didnt know_ to blame for the broken glasses as it happened while she was out.
10、A.who B.whenC.how D.what五、五、宾语从句的特殊式宾语从句的特殊式1.复合连接代词在宾语从句中的使用。如：Sarah hopes to become a friend of whoever shares her interest.whoever=anyone who/any personwhoThese wild flowers are so special I would do whatever I can to save them.whatever=anything thatIt is generally considered unwise to give a chi
11、ld whatever he or she wants.whatever在此处是泛指，不可被 what 替代。而“I cant remember at the moment who has said the words.中的 who 表特定的某人，不可以改成 whoever。2.it 作形式宾语，从句作真正宾语。1 动词+it+important/necessary/natural/etc.+thatclause。thatclause 中谓语动词前可加should，亦可省略。如：I think it important that you should attend the conference
12、.2 动词+it+as+名词/形容词+clause。如：The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture.3动词+it+介词+thatclause。常见的有：owe it to sb.+thatclause 把归功于某人，leaveit to sb.+thatclause把留给某人去做，take it for granted+thatclause 想当然，keep itin mind+thatclause 记住。如：I just took it for granted that hed a
13、lways be around.4 动词+it+clause。如：I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.英语中少数介词很活泼，能带从句作其宾语。如：I go to see a film except when it rains.3.含宾语从句的反意疑问句。当陈述局部带有 that 引导的宾语从句时，疑问局部的主语和谓语一般应与陈述局部主句的主语和谓语保持对应关系。如：Brian told you that there wasnt anyone in the room at that time,didnt he?当陈述局部主句的主语是
14、第一人称，谓语动词是think/believe/suppose/guess/imagine/expect/suspect/feel 等时，疑问局部的主语和谓语往往与陈述局部从句中的主语和谓语保持对应关系，此时实质上是将对主句的否认转移到对从句的否认上。如：I dont suppose anyone will volunteer,will they?4.两个及以上表示陈述的宾语从句并列时，第一个连词 that 可以省略，但第二个及以后的不可省。如：He told me that they could not decide what to do and that they asked my adv
15、ice.5.主语+be+形容词+clause。如：Im afraid that I cant promise you anything.例例 1414The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get.A.whichever B.howeverC.whatever D.whenever例例 1515_ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The oneC.Anyone D.Whoever例例 1616Id appreciate _ if you
16、would like to teach me how to use the computer.A.that B.itC.this D.you例例 1717I dont think you could have been used to the quick pace of life while studying in theUSA_ you?_.I thought of returning to our country at one time.A.had;YesB.do;YesC.have;NoD.were;No例例 1818With his work completed,the busines
17、sman stepped back to his seat,feeling pleased _ hewas a man of action.A.which B.thatC.what D.whether宾语从句练习题宾语从句练习题类型一：引导词的运用1 I dont know _or notA whether he is at homeB if he is at homeC that he is at homeD whether is he at home2 This depends on _ the weather is fineA whichB whetherC ifD that3 The
18、teacher asked the new student _ class he was inA whichB whereC ifD that4 I dont know _ Mr Green will come to see us Hell help us with our EnglishA whyB whenC howD where5 Be careful！Dont break the bottles Do you hear _ I said?David?Yes，MumA whatB thatC whyD if6 Do you know _ Mr Blacks address is?He m
19、ay live at NO18 or No 19 of Bridge Street Im not sure of _A where，whichB where，whatC what，whichD what，where7 There is not much difference between the two I really dont know _A what should I chooseB which I should chooseC which should I chooseD what I should choose类型二：宾语从句的语序1Did you find out _?A she
20、 was looking for whose childB whose child was she looking forC whose child she is looking forD whose child she was looking for2Are you interested in _?A how did he do itB he did it howC how he did itD he how did it3I dont know _ Can you tell me?A how the two players are oldB how old are the two play
21、ersC the two players are how oldD how old the two players are4 What did the scientist say?He said he wondered if _ into space by spaceship one dayA he had to flyB he could flyC can he flyD could he fly5Excuse me，sir Could you tell me _?A Where the bank nearestB where is the nearest bankC where the n
22、earest bank isD the nearest bank is where6She asked Tom _ with his car?A what the matter wasB what the matter isC what was the matterD what is the matter类型三：时态1 Its 7：30 I cant believe you_ cooking dinner yet，SallyA havent startedB didntC dont startD hadnt started2The teacher told us yesterday that
23、December 25 _ Christmas DayA isB wasC has beenD will be3The teacher said that the earth _round the sunA goesB goC wentD will go4We d like to tell you that you _the examA have passedB had passedC passD will pass5“Could you tell me_?“Yes They _ to the libraryA where are the twins，have beenB where were
24、 the twins，have beenC where the twins are，have goneD，where the twins were，have gone6Our father said that he _ a new computer next weekA will buyB have boughtC would buyD buys7I hear that he _ to Beijing yesterdayA goesB will goC wentD have gone类型四：其他反意疑问句，it 做形式宾语1 I dont think he is right，_?Aisnt h
25、eBis heCdo IDdont I2 He believes she is right，_?Adoesnt heBdoes heCis sheDisnt she3 I thought that he disliked playing football，_?Adidnt heBdid heCdid IDdidnt I4 I find _ important that we practice English every dayA itB thisC thatD what5 You cant imagine _when they received the nice giftA how they
26、were excitedB how excited they wereC how excited were theyD they were how excited高考题1What did you parents think about your decision?They always let me do _ I think I should06 全国A whenB thatC howD what2Please remind me _ he said he was going I may be in time to see him offA whereB whenC howD what06 全
27、国3Mary wrote an article onthe team had failed to win the game 05 全国卷AwhyBwhatCwhoDthat4Someone is ringing the doorbell Go and see_ 2000 上海A who is heB who he isC who is itD who it is5We havent heard from Jane for a long timeWhat do you consider _to her?NMET 1990A was happeningB to happenC has happen
28、edD happening答案类型一：ABABACB 类型二 DCDBCC 类型三 AAAACCC 类型四 BAAAB 高考题 DBADC例题解析：例 1 解析：待选项在从句中充当to do 的宾语，应选 C。例 2 解析：由于从句中句意清楚，结构完整，故可排除 B、C 项；D 项用于宾语从句时只起引导词的作用，无词义，同时不充当任何成分，而题干上下文表示因果关系，应选A。例 3 解析：根据句子结构，for 后面的从句缺少主语，故答案为C。例 4 解析：答案为 C。此题为词组 be different from 后跟 what 引导的宾语从句，不要误看作定语从句而选 D。例 5 解析：由句式结
29、构可知 mention 后为宾语从句；do 作实意动词时为及物动词，故空格处需要既能作 do 的宾语，又能引导宾语从句的连词，答案为A。例 6 解析：B 项是特殊疑问句语序，有悖于宾语从句的陈述语序；C、D 项句法、句意均不妥；A 项是陈述句语序，故正确。例 7 解析：A 项易被判断成陈述句语序，颇具迷惑性。实际上，从句中的what 作主语，was 为系动词，the matter 是表语。B、D 项时态错误，C 项正确。例 8 解析：此题主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句中的事件先于主句的事件发生，且是被动，应选B。例 9 解析：根据关键词 soon 可知动作尚未发生，又因主句谓语动词made 为过
30、去时，应选 B。例 10 解析：答案为 D。wish 后接宾语从句，其谓语动词要用虚拟形式。例 11 解析：宾语从句减缩式“疑问词+不定式是解题关键。选项 C 是不定式的进行时，强调动作“正在进行，不符合题意，应选B。例 12 解析：“疑问词+不定式作及物动词 know 的宾语，选项中 it 代替了 the land，故正确答案为 C。例 13 解析：B、C、D 项的疑问词用错，应选A。例 14 解析：此题考查的引导词引导宾语从句，同时作get 的宾语。B、D 两项在句中是作状语的；由于没有给出明确的指代物，故A 项也不适宜；答案为C。例 15 解析：whoever=anyone anybody/any person/he who，答案为 D。例 16 解析：答案为 B。某些动词和动词短语如appreciate，like，hate，see to 等后面不能直接带从句，往往需先插入it 再带 that，if 或 when 引导的从句。例 17 解析：本句带有推测的意味，疑问局部的谓语不能用情态动词。could have been 表示对过去的推测，故疑问局部的谓语应用were 与之对应，应选 D。例 18 解析：因从句 he was a man of action为主系表结构，且表达肯定意义，不缺少句子成分，应选 B 项。