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1、学习好资料 欢迎下载 名词性从句 从句有名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三大类。名词性从句又可分为宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句及同位语从句，因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词；定语从句有称为形容词性从句，因为从句功能相当于形容词；而状语从句则称为副词性从句，因为从句功能相当于副词。什么是名词性从句?在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。宾语从句 (The Object Clause)表语从句 (The Predicative Clause)主语从句(The Subject Clause)同位语从句 (The Appositi
2、ve Clause)宾语从句 一、关联词：关联词又称“连词”或“引导词”，是宾语从句的重要组成部分。连词：1.连接代词（that，who，whom，what，which）2.连接副词（when，where，why，how）3.从属连词（if，whether）由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句，用 if 或 whether 引导.在试卷中一般依据从句中“缺什么补什么”的原则，结合上下文选用恰学习好资料 欢迎下载 当的连词。如：1.I dont know who will be our headteacher next semester.缺指人的主语用 who，如缺指物的主语则用 what。2.I d
3、oubt what my e-pal will write soon.缺指物的宾语用 what，如缺指人的宾语则用 whom。3.I think that my deskmate will get through all the major subjects.句子不缺成分，用 that;如果 that 后跟有代词，可省略 that。4.She let me know when the meeting would be held.缺时间状语，用when；缺地点状语，用 where；缺原因状语，用 why；缺方式状语，用 how。5.I dont know which/what topic I s
4、hould choose.缺定语，用 what 或which。6.The teacher asked whether/if I was getting ready for the coming test.表示“是否（有，能，已经）”等含义，用 whether 或 if。7.Id be interested to know whether he will see the movie“Dawn”or not.强调是否对比时，用连词 whether。1）选择题 例 1 A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do.A.how B.afte
5、r C.what D.when 例 2 Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game.A.why B.what C.who D.that 例3 The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough.A.where B.how C.what D.which 从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语
6、的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中缺什么补什么的原则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是否对比时用连词选择题例例例学习好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词填空二语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载 例 4 The way he did it was different _ we were used to.A.in which B.in what C.
7、from what D.from which 例 5 He spoke proudly of his part in the game,without mentioning _ his teammates had done.A.what B.which C.why D.while 2）用合适的连接词填空 1.Wang Hai told me _ he didnt go cycling yesterday afternoon.（how,why）2.Can you tell me _ else is going to be on duty today?（who,whom）3.She said _
8、it wouldnt matter much.（that,if）4.He always thinks _ he can do better.（how,who）5.I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long,how soon）二、语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主 句连词宾语从句（主语谓语）”句式。例 6 No one can be sure _ in a million years.A.what man will look like B.what will man look like C
9、.man will look like what D.what look will man like 例 7 The boss went up to ask _.A.what the matter was B.whats the matter 从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中
10、缺什么补什么的原则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是否对比时用连词选择题例例例学习好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词填空二语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载 C.what was the matter D.what the matter is 三、种类 1.作动词的宾语 (1)由 that 引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,例如：I heard that be joined the army.(2)由 what,whether(if)引导的宾语从句，例如：1)She did
11、 not know what had happened.2)I wonder whether you can change this note for me.(3)动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如：She told me that she would accept my invitation.2.作介词的宾语 例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.3.作形容词的宾语 例如：I am afraid(that)Ive made a mistake.that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxi
12、ous,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中缺什么补什么的原
13、则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是否对比时用连词选择题例例例学习好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词填空二语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载 annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content 等。也可以将此类词后的 that 从句的看作原因状语从句。*4.后边不能直接跟 that 从句的动词 这类动词有 allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,admire,condemn,celebrate,dislike,love,help
14、,take,forgive 等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用 that 引导的宾语从句。例如：I admire their winning the match.(right)I admire that they won the match.(wrong)*5.不可用 that 从句作直接宾语的动词 有些动词不可用于“动词间接宾语that 从句“结构中，常见的有 envy,order,accuse,refuse,impress,forgive,blame,denounce,advise,congratulate 等。例如：He impressed the manager as
15、an honest man.(right)He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.(wrong)四、宾语从句的时态 含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连
16、词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中缺什么补什么的原则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是否对比时用连词选择题例例例学习好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词填空二语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载 I dont know when he will come back 我不知道他将何时回来。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday 他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去
17、时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：The children didnt know who he was 孩子们不知道他是谁。3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun 老师说地球绕着太阳转。例 8 The manager entered the office and was happy to learn four fifths of the
18、tickets _.A.was booked B.had been booked C.were booked D.have been booked 例 9 We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon.A.leaves B.would leave C.had left D.had been away 例 10 Do you work in the lab every afternoon?No,but sometimes I wish I _.从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从
19、句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中缺什么补什么的原则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是否对比时用连词选择题例例例学习好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词填空二语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载 A.have time B.had ti
20、me to do C.have time to D.had time to 练习 1.Could you tell me if it _ tomorrow?A.rains B.is raining C.will rain D.rain 2.The teacher told his students the sun_ in the east.A.rise B.rises C.rose D.risen 3.Peter knew _.A.whether he has finished reading the book B.why the boy had so many questions C.the
21、re were 12 months in a year D.when they will leave for Paris 4.Could you tell me _?A.where is the nearest railway station B.where the nearest railway station was C.where the nearest railway station is D.where was the nearest railway station 5.I really dont know if she _ it when she _.A.finds/arrives
22、 B.finds/will arrive C.will find/will arrive 从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中缺什么补什么的原则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是否
23、对比时用连词选择题例例例学习好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词填空二语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载 D.will find/arrives 五、宾语从句的减缩式 宾语从句有时可减缩为“疑问词+不定式”的形式。例 11 I ve worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects 例 12 It is said in Australia there is more land than the government
24、 knows _.A.it what to do with B.what to do it with C.what to do with it D.to do what with it 例 13 The mother didnt know_ to blame for the broken glasses as it happened while she was out.A.who B.when C.how D.what 六、宾语从句的特殊式 1.复合连接代词在宾语从句中的使用。如：Sarah hopes to become a friend of whoever shares her inte
25、rest.（whoever=anyone who/any person who）These wild flowers are so special I would do whatever I can to save them.（whatever=anything that）It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.whatever 在此处是泛指，不可被 what 替代。而“I cant remember at the moment who has said the words.”中的 w
26、ho 表特定的某人，不可以改成从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中缺什么补什么的原则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是否对比时用连词选择题例例例学习好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词
27、填空二语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载 whoever。2.it 作形式宾语，从句作真正宾语。（1）动词+it+important/necessary/natural/etc.+that clause。that clause 中谓语动词前可加 should，亦可省略。如：I think it important that you（should）attend the conference.（2）动词+it+as+名词/形容词+clause。如：The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend hi
28、s lecture.（3）动词+it+介词+that clause。常见的有：owe it to sb.+that clause（把归功于某人），leave it to sb.+that clause（把留给某人去做），take it for granted +that clause（想当然），keep it in mind +that clause（记住）。如：I just took it for granted that hed always be around.（4）动词+it+clause。如：I hate it when people talk with their mouths f
29、ull.英语中少数介词很活跃，能带从句作其宾语。如：I go to see a film except when it rains.3.含宾语从句的反意疑问句。1)当陈述部分带有 that 引导的宾语从句时，疑问部分的主语和谓语一般应与陈述部分主句的主语和谓语保持对应关系。如：Brian told you that there wasnt anyone in the room at that time,didnt he?2)当陈述部分主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是 think /believe /suppose/guess/imagine/expect/suspect/feel 等时，疑问部
30、分的主从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中缺什么补什么的原则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是否对比时用连词选择题例例例学习好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词填空二语序无论主句是陈述
31、句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载 语和谓语往往与陈述部分从句中的主语和谓语保持对应关系，此时实质上是将对主句的否定转移到对从句的否定上。如：I dont suppose anyone will volunteer,will they?4.两个及以上表示陈述的宾语从句并列时，第一个连词 that 可以省略，但第二个及以后的不可省。如：He told me（that）they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice.例 14 The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he c
32、an get.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whenever 例 15 _ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever 例 16 Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A.that B.it C.this D.you 例 17 I dont think you could have been used to the qu
33、ick pace of life while studying in the USA,_ you?_.I thought of returning to our country at one time.A.had;Yes B.do;Yes C.have;No D.were;No 例18 With his work completed,the businessman stepped back to his seat,从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语
34、的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中缺什么补什么的原则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是否对比时用连词选择题例例例学习好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词填空二语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载 feeling pleased _ he was a man of action.A.which B.that C.what D.whether 5.否定
35、的转移 若主句谓语动词为 think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine 等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：I dont think this dress fits you well.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿.I dont think he will lie to me.我认为他不会对我撒谎的.I dont think we should lend him money.我认为我们不应该借钱给他.I think he wont come here.()I dont thin
36、k he will come here.()宾语从句练习题 类型一：引导词的运用（1）I dont know _or not A whether he is at home B if he is at home C that he is at home D whether is he at home（2）This depends on _ the weather is fine 从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关
37、联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中缺什么补什么的原则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是否对比时用连词选择题例例例学习好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词填空二语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载 A which B whether C if D that（3）The teacher asked the new student _ class he was in A which B w
38、here C if D that（4）I dont know _ Mr Green will come to see us Hell help us with our English A why B when C how D where（5）Be careful！Dont break the bottles Do you hear _ I said?David?Yes，Mum A what B that C why D if（6）Do you know _ Mr Blacks address is?He may live at NO 18 or No 19 of Bridge Street I
39、m not sure of _ A where，which B where，what C what，which D what，where（7）There is not much difference between the two I really dont know _ A what should I choose B which I should choose C which should I choose D what I should choose 类型二：宾语从句的语序（1）Did you find out _?A she was looking for whose child B
40、whose child was she looking for C whose child she is looking for 从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中缺什么补什么的原则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定
41、语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是否对比时用连词选择题例例例学习好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词填空二语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载 D whose child she was looking for（2）Are you interested in _?A how did he do it B he did it how C how he did it D he how did it（3）I dont know _ Can you tell me?A how the two players are old B how old are the two players C
42、the two players are how old D how old the two players are（4）What did the scientist say?He said he wondered if _ into space by spaceship one day A he had to fly B he could fly C can he fly D could he fly（5）Excuse me，sir Could you tell me _?A Where the bank nearest B where is the nearest bank C where
43、the nearest bank is D the nearest bank is where（6）She asked Tom _ with his car?A what the matter was B what the matter is C what was the matter D what is the matter 类型三：时态（1）Its 7：30 I cant believe you_ _ cooking dinner yet，Sally A havent started B didnt C dont start D hadnt started （2）The teacher t
44、old us yesterday that December 25 _ Christmas 从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中缺什么补什么的原则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是
45、否对比时用连词选择题例例例学习好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词填空二语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载 Day A is B was C has been D will be（3）The teacher said that the earth _round the sun A goes B go C went D will go（4）We d like to tell you that you _the exam A have passed B had passed C pass D will pass（5）“Could you tell me_?”“Yes They _ to
46、 the library ”A where are the twins，have been B where were the twins，have been C where the twins are，have gone D where the twins were，have gone（6）Our father said that he _ a new computer next week A will buy B have bought C would buy D buys（7）I hear that he _ to Beijing yesterday A goes B will go C
47、went D have gone 类型四：其他反意疑问句，it 做形式宾语（1）I dont think he is right，_?Aisnt he Bis he Cdo I Ddont I （2）He believes she is right，_?Adoesnt he Bdoes he Cis she Disnt she （3）I thought that he disliked playing football，_?Adidnt he Bdid he Cdid I Ddidnt I （4）I find _ important that we practice English every
48、 day A it B this C that D what 从句主语从句及同位语从句因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词定语从句有称为形容词性从句因为从句功能相当于形容词而状语从句则称为副词性从句因为从句功能相当于副词什么是名词性从句在英语的句子结构中本来该由从句宾语从句一关联词关联词又称连词或引导词是宾语从句的重要组成部分连词连接代词连接副词从属连词由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句用或引导在试卷中一般依据从句中缺什么补什么的原则结合上下文选用恰学习好资料欢迎跟有代词可省略缺时间状语用缺地点状语用缺原因状语用缺方式状语用缺定语用或表示是否有能已经等含义用或强调是否对比时用连词选择题例例例学习
49、好资料欢迎下载例例用合适的连接词填空二语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句学习好资料 欢迎下载（5）You cant imagine _when they received the nice gift A how they were excited B how excited they were C how excited were they D they were how excited 高考题 1What did you parents think about your decision?They always let me do _ I think I should do （06 全国）A w
50、hen B that C how D what 2 Please remind me _ he said he was going I may be in time to see him off （06 全国）A where B when C how D what 3 Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game（05全国卷）Awhy Bwhat Cwho Dthat 4 Someone is ringing the doorbell Go and see_（2000 上海）A who is he B who he i