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1、八年级英语上册八年级英语上册词汇精讲housework 劳动；家；家务事事不可数，没有复数形式不可数，没有复数形式do housework=do chores “做家做家务”do homework“做家庭作做家庭作业”1.That boy hardly watches TV,_he?(附附加疑加疑问)2.The waiter hardly has a day off,_?A.hasnt heB.doesnt heC.will heD.does heEver 在任何在任何时候；从来；曾候；从来；曾经用于否定句、疑否定句、疑问句或与句或与if连用的句子用的句子中表示“在任何在任何时候；从来候；从来
2、”用于比比较结构构时表示“曾曾经；以往任何；以往任何时候候”常用短语hardly ever 几乎从不for ever 永远1.Nothing ever happens here.2.Dont you ever get tired?3.If youre ever in Hong Kong,come and see me.4.It was raining harder than ever.5.The old lady hardly ever goes out.6.Nothing lasts for ever.Once 一次，曾一次，曾经1.He cleans his car once a week
3、.2.I once met your mother.3.Ive only met her once or twice.4.Come here at once.5.He didnt know what he should do once the money had gone.表示一次，相当于表示一次，相当于“one time”.表示曾表示曾经，一般与，一般与过去去时相相连。还可做可做连词，表示，表示“一旦一旦”常用短常用短语：once or twice at once1.She usually goes shopping _(one)a week.2.I have piano lessons _
4、(two)a week.3.They watch TV _(three;time)a week.表示表示:“一次一次”要用要用 once,“两次两次”要用要用 twice.“三次及三次以上三次及三次以上”要用要用“基数基数词+times”Full 忙的;满的;吃饱了的。His life was too full to find time for hobbies.My school was full of books.No more,thanks.Im full.Full“忙的忙的”相当于相当于busy.Be full of（充（充满的）的）Maybe 大概；或许；可能表示不确定的推测，可放句首
5、或句中。Maybe hell come,maybe he wont.Maybe he is a doctor.He may be a doctor.leastadv最小，最少，修饰动词，也可放在形容词、副词的原级前构成形容词、副词的最高级。He always turns up just when you least expect him.She chose the least expensive of the hotels.leastadj最小的；最少的。修饰名词；还可做代词，表示“最小，最少”，此时要与定冠词the连用。He is the best teacher,although he h
6、as the least experience.Its the least I can do to help.at least 至少；不少于；起至少；不少于；起码It will take you at least 20 minutes to get there.on weekendson the weekend通常用于一般通常用于一般现在在时去看电影go to the movies.go to a movie.help with sth.He always helps me with my math.换一种一种说法法help sb with sth.help sb(to)do sth.go s
7、hopping go+动词ing 表示表示进行某种活行某种活动如：如：do some/the+动词ing 是是 go+动词ing的同的同意短意短语。如：如：go hikinggo skatinggo fishinggo swimmingdo some fishingdo some washingevery day 和和 everyday1.I practice English _.2.Can you tell us about your _ life?every day“每天每天”，是一个副，是一个副词短短语，在句中作在句中作时间状状语，放句首或句末。，放句首或句末。everyday“日常的，
8、每日常的，每日的日的”，是形容，是形容词，仅用在名用在名词前。前。stay up(late)go to bedgo to sleepfall asleep.How often;how long;how soon;how far1._can I keep this book.-For a week.2._ is it from here to the station.-About 2 miles away.3._can you finish the important report?-In three days.4._do you see your parents?-Once a week.5.
9、_ is the bridge?-Its 140 feet long.how often/how many times_ do you go to the library every week?-About three times.How soon“多久以后多久以后”，回答常用，回答常用“in+一段一段时间”。How often“多久一次多久一次”，用来，用来询问动作作或事件或事件发生的生的频度。度。How many times“多少次多少次”，表示，表示对次次数的提数的提问。How come 引引导的的问句可以和句可以和why引引导的的问句互相句互相转换。How come you didnt
10、 call me earlier用用why来替来替换一下。一下。表示时间的介词on,in和at的区别on1)1)用在具体某一天前；用在具体某一天前；2)2)用在某个节日、纪念日前；用在某个节日、纪念日前；3)3)用在具体某天上午、下午或晚上之前。用在具体某天上午、下午或晚上之前。in1)1)用于表示较长的一段时间，如年份、季节、月用于表示较长的一段时间，如年份、季节、月份等；份等；2)2)用于泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上等。用于泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上等。at1)1)表示某一具体时刻；表示某一具体时刻；2)2)表示多少岁；表示多少岁；3)3)用在表示时间的固定短语中。用在表示时间的固定短语中。
11、_ June._ Teachers Day_ the morning._ summer_ Tuesdays evening._ August 10th._ six oclock._noon _12._night.Sometimes,some times,sometime和和some timesometimes频度副词频度副词“有时；不时有时；不时”，表示，表示动作发生的不经常性。动作发生的不经常性。Some times名词短语名词短语“几次几次”sometime副词，表示将来或过去的某个时候。副词，表示将来或过去的某个时候。有时候写成有时候写成some time.Some time名词短语，名
12、词短语，“一段时间一段时间”；做副词；做副词短语，此时用法和短语，此时用法和sometime相同。相同。1.He _ has to work late.2.I called you _ this morning.3.I waited for Lily for _.4.I will visit you _ next week.have to 和 must1.We _ listen to the teacher carefully.2.He _ leave here before 8 p.m.3.We _ go to school on Sundays.星期天我星期天我们不必去上学。不必去上学。4
13、.He _ waste his time.他不他不应该浪浪费时间。频度副词alwaysalmost alwaysusuallyoftensometimesHardly ever/seldomnever1.Though they are far away from school,the children who live in mountains _ go to school on foot.A.ever B.always.C.never D.hardly ever2._does your father play tennis after work?-Every Tuesday and Thur
14、sday.A.How often B.How soonC.WhereD.Why sometime1.English is _too difficult for me.I cant learn it well.2.We _go to school from Monday to Friday.3.Make is so busy that he _goes to the movies.4.On Saturdays,Lily sometimes reads books,and _ she watches TV.5.She gets up very early every day,so she is _
15、 late for school.Usually,never,always,sometimes,hardly ever1.Sandy goes shopping with her friends sometimes.(替换）A.some times B.at timesC.a few times D.many times2.Our English teacher asks us to speak English _.A.every day B.everydayC.every days D.everydays3.Sam wants me _ him _ his Chinese.A.helping
16、;learning B.help;learnC.to help;learning D.to help;with4.I joined the League _ May 8th,2013.What about you?-I join it _ October 8th,2013.A.in;on B.on;inC.in;at D.at;on5._ should I take this medcine?-Three times a day.A.How soon.B.How longC.How often D.How farSection BHealth 健康；健康；人身体（或精神）状人身体（或精神）状态
17、不可数名词Health is more important than wealth.His father is in good health.常用短常用短语：Be in good healthBe in poor healthhealthy unhealthyShe is a healthy girl.She never eats unhealthy food.percent 百分之百分之30 percent of people dont like this teacher.60 percent of the cake is eaten by her.through,cross,across,
18、over1.he jumped _ the wall.2.She _ the road in a hurry=She walked _ the road in a hurry.3.We made our way _ the village to the farm.4.If we can be _ the mountain before 8,we can be helped.through介词，从一端到另一端，其动作在内部空间进行如穿过入口、通道、洞孔或某地区。cross动词，“穿穿过；横；横过；越；越过”across介介词，“横横过；从一；从一边到另一到另一边”，常，常与与go,walk,fl
19、y,jump等等动词连用，相当于用，相当于动词cross，强调从一定范从一定范围的一的一边到另到另一一边，且是在物体表面上，且是在物体表面上进行的行的动作。作。over介介词，做，做“穿越穿越”讲时，表示到达高的障碍物，表示到达高的障碍物（如（如树、墙、篱笆和山脉等）的另一笆和山脉等）的另一侧。如如果不果不强调动作，只作，只说明明处于于墙、篱笆或山等笆或山等障碍物的另一障碍物的另一侧时，over和和across也可替也可替换Mind 大脑；心智Change ones mindMake up ones mindsuchadj（形）（形）.这样的的,这种种,某一某一pron（代）（代）.这样的人的
20、人(们)或物或物Accountants were boring.Such was her opinion before meeting lisa!He said he did not have time o made some such excuse!Such 与与 so1)such作形容词，“这样的；那样的；类似的”，修修饰名名词或名或名词词组 so是副词，“这么；那么”，表示程度，用于修饰形容形容词或副或副词2)当修饰单数可数名词，such位于不定冠词之前，而so位于形容词之前。“such a/an+形+单名”“so+形+a/an+单名”注：当形容注：当形容词修修饰复名或不可名复名或不可名
21、时，只能，只能用用suchHe is such a clever boy改成同义句用so。_beautiful buildings._clear water.die v.消失；消失；灭亡；死亡亡；死亡die的的过去式和去式和过去分去分词都是都是died，现在分在分词是是dying.The old customs are dying.Her husband died last week.diev.强调“死死”这一瞬一瞬间的的动作作deadadj.强调“死死”的状的状态，“死的；无生命的死的；无生命的”deathn.“死；死亡死；死亡”dying可做可做die的的现在分在分词，也可做也可做adj.
22、“垂死的；垂死的；临死的死的”，仅用于名用于名词前。前。die,dead,death,dying.1)I will remember it to my _ day.2)Her grandpa has been _ for two years.3)She is crying for her cats _.4)That great teacher _ yesterday morning.thanprep.(介介)&conj.(连)“比比”位置：通常放在形容位置：通常放在形容词或副或副词的比的比较级后。后。You need that money more than I(do).重点重点：当：当tha
23、n前后所使用的前后所使用的动词相同相同时，通常用助，通常用助动词代替后面的代替后面的动词，且，且该动词或助或助动词可以省略。可以省略。常用短常用短语：more than less thanalmost和nearly“几乎；差不多”1）二者在肯定句中可以互换，almost的差距比nearly小。2）almost 可用于any,no,none,nobody,nothing,never等否定词之前，但nearly一般不这样用。3）nearly前可用very,pretty,not等词修饰，但almost不能.Almost/nearly all the students got a new school
24、bag.She said almost nothing.The car is very nearly new.None“没有一个；毫无”None常与of连用，表示对三个火三个以上的人或物否定。I know none of them.none既可指人，也可指物。如果代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；如果代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数no one只能指人，只能指人，“没有人没有人”，不能与，不能与of连用，连用，指标是单数可数概指标是单数可数概念，作主语是，谓语用三单形式。念，作主语是，谓语用三单形式。None of us like/likes the movie.No o
25、ne has gone there before.No one has gone there before.She got up to get some sleeping pills but found there was _ left at home.less 和和 fewer1.Maybe he would worry _ if he understood the situation.2.They have _ rules than us.3.People today seem to have _ time for each other.4.I have few pens.He has _
26、.To live a green life,we should try to save _ energy and produce _ pollution.A.more;lessB.less;moreC.more;fewerD.most;least.倒装句在英在英语中，中，here或或there置于句首置于句首时，如果，如果主主语是名是名词，则句子要全部倒装。句子要全部倒装。这里的里的here和和there只有指示的意思。只有指示的意思。Here comes the bus.There she goes.Here are your books.Here is a letter for you.H
27、ere _(be)my report.Here _(be)your tickets.although“虽然；尽管；即使”，引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，可以转换成含有but的句子。还可与yet或still连用though与与although的用法大致相同，可以互的用法大致相同，可以互换；也可做副也可做副词放句尾，而放句尾，而although不可以；不可以；常用短常用短语：even though(即使即使)as though(仿佛仿佛)Although/Though the old man is not rich,he is happy.Although/Though the old ma
28、n is not rich,yet he is happy.The old man is not rich,but he is happyThe boy can speak both English and Japanese _ he is only ten.-Wow,what a clever boy!A.ifB.becauseC.althoughIt 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式.此结构还可以改写为：To do sth+is+adj.Its so difficult to learn math well.To learn math well is so difficult.It
29、 is+adj.+for sb+to do sth.“对某人来某人来说做某事是做某事是的的”It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.“某人做某人做某事真是太某事真是太了了”It is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事做某事”Its very important to learn English well.Its impossible for them to start before ten.Its necessary for you to learn English well.Its kind of you to help me.Its foolish of you to
30、 be still worrying about it.however副副词，“然而；不然而；不过”，表示句意的，表示句意的转折，折，可放句首，句中，句末。放句首和句中要可放句首，句中，句末。放句首和句中要有逗号隔开。有逗号隔开。But也表示句意的也表示句意的转折，但不用逗号隔开，折，但不用逗号隔开，且且转折意味比折意味比however更更强。Be good for“对有好有好处”1.玛丽的数学很好。2.每天吃一个苹果对我们身体有好处。3.汤姆很会和人打交道。Be good at“在在方面擅方面擅长”，相，相当于当于 do well inBe good with“善于善于应付付，很会，很会和和
31、打交道打交道”。Surprised,surprise,surprisingSurprisedAdj.“惊奇的，惊惊奇的，惊讶的，的，觉得奇怪的得奇怪的”作表作表语，主，主语通常是人。通常是人。做定做定语通常与通常与at搭配：搭配：be surprised at“对表示感到惊表示感到惊讶”1.I was _ at how quickly she agreed.2.Its not _ that they lost.3.She looked up in _.4.He had a _ look on his face.5.To everyones _,the plan succeeded.6.She
32、told me a _ thing.7.Her strange question _ us.surprise名词，“惊奇；惊讶；意外”常用短语in surprise“惊奇地；惊讶地”to ones surprise.“出乎某人的意料”动词，“使惊奇；使惊讶”，后接名词或代词surprisingadj.“令人吃惊的；使人令人吃惊的；使人吃惊的；出人意料的吃惊的；出人意料的”作表作表语或定或定语，作表，作表语时，主主语通常是物。通常是物。through通常指通通常指通过或凭借或凭借某种途径某种途径1.She is drawing _ a pen.2.My mother often goes to
33、work _ bus.3.I heard about it _ a friend.4.Please answer this question _ English.with通常指借助于某种通常指借助于某种工具工具in表示用某种表示用某种语言、言、原材料或方法做某原材料或方法做某事。事。by表示通表示通过某种方式某种方式或手段完成某事或手段完成某事Spend,pay,cost,take表示“花费”的区别Spendsb.spend(s)some time/money on sth.“某人在某物上花费时间/金钱做某事”1.She _ twenty yuan for the book.2.It _ me
34、 seven days to finish the task.3.He _ fifty dollars on these books.4.The book _ her twenty yuan.5.I _ two days reading the book.sb.spend(s)some time/money in doing sth.“某人花费时间/金钱做某事”paysb.pay(s)(sb.)some money for sth.“某人（向某人）支付多少钱买东西。”coststh.cost(s)(sb.)some money“某物花（某人）多少钱”takeIt takes sb.Some t
35、ime to do sth=sb.spend(s)some time/money in doing sth.做某事花了某人多长时间。We walked _ the forest and came to a big river at last.A.onB.overC.throughD.acrossA _ girl won the first prize in the competition.A.12 year old.B.12 years oldC.12-year-oldsD.12-year-old3.I _ the whole day doing my homework.A.spentB.pa
36、idC.costD.tookYou should eat more fruit and vegetables.Its _ your health.A.angry withB.proud of C.bad forD.good for_ milk do you need?A.how manyB.how muchC.how longD.how farIt snowed heavily last night.Is everyone in our class here today?-yes,and_of us was late for school this morning.A.noneB.neithe
37、rC.allD.eitherIt is really cool to realize your dream _ great effort.A.throughB.ofC.tillD.aboutWell have to say goodbye,my dear friends!But I will _ forget the days we spent together.A.always B.oftenC.neverD.usuallyMy cousin knows a lot about geography,_he is only four years old.A.beacauseB.soC.alth
38、oughMillie,_do you take the course in DIY?-Every Saturday afternoon.A.how longB.how farC.how muchD.how oftenI heard you made a new family rule“Put away your phone while at home”.Yes.We were _ busy checking our mobile phones before,but now we enjoy communicating with our family.A.alwaysB.neverC.seldo
39、mD.sometimesWhats your favorite TV_?A Bite of ChinaA.planB.decisionC.guidebookD.programI have three sisters,but_ of them is a teacher.A.allB.neitherC.bothD.noneThe winner of the swimming competition was a _ girl named Liu Li from China.A.18-year-oldsB.18-year-oldC.18-years-oldD.18 years oldHe left h
40、is keys in the room yesterday,so he got in _ the window.A.throughB.inC.overD.acrossAlthough he is very old,_ he works very hard.A.andB.butC./D.soWhy do you like the life in the country?Because there are _ cars and _ pollution.A.more;moreB.fewer;lessC.more;lessD.fewer;moreI _ lots of time on this que
41、stion.Its so difficult.A.costB.takeC.payD.spendIts time for class.Mrs.Brown asks the students _ down quietly.A.sitB.to sitC.satD.sitting“Eighty percent of the students in our class like English.”means“_ students in our class like English.”A.mostB.someC.allD.few_ do the students play football?Once or twice a week.A.How manyB.How muchC.How oftenD.How long结束结束