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1、初二英语上册邢凯霞 Unit 1:Where did you go on vacation?New Words.anyone wonderful something seem someone try different umbrella hungry dislike anywhere most everyone bored dicide wonder wait enough Important Phrases.1)go on vacation2)go out 3)of course4)because of5)take photos去度假出去当然因为照相6)quite a few7)have a
2、 good time8)feel like9)find out10)up and down11)so that相当多玩的愉快感受到找出；查明上上下下如此以至于 复合不定代词 不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。复合不定代词是由some,any,no,every 加上one,body,thing 等所组成的不定代词。nothing,nobody,no one,everything,everybody,everyone,anyone,anybody,anything,someone,somebody,something1、指定对象；1）含body 和one 的复合不定代词只用来指人，
3、在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。For example：Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.2）含thing 的复合不定代词只用来指物。For exampl:Are you going to buy anything?2、复合不定代词的数 1）复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，当它们充当句子的主语时，其后面的位于动词用单数形式；For example:Is everyone here today?2）当要对一群人讲话时，可使用以复合不定代词做主语的祈使句，句中的动词用原形。For example:Everyone lie down!统统趴下！3
4、、复合不定代词的定语必须后置，即放在复合不定代词的后面。For example:Can you tell something interesting?课本句型：1)buy anything special 2)Oh,did you go anywhere interesting?名词所有格1）单数名词词尾加s,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加 s the girls pen Childrens Day2）复数名词以s 结尾的只加 the students reading room3）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有 s,则表示“分别有”；只有一个名词有一个s,则表示“共有”；Johns and Kate
5、s rooms Lily and Lucys father4）表示无生命的名词一般与of 构成短语，表示所有关系。a map of China enough 的用法enough 既可以做形容词，也可以做副词。1)enough 作形容词时，用于修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，放于名词前后均可；2)课本句型：My father didnt bring enough money,so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish.3)2)enough 作副词时，放于形容词或副词之后；4)For example:She is good enough.3)Enoug
6、h 的相关短语：sure enough 果真；确实 well enough 还不错，还可以，相当好 be good/kind enough to do sth 劳驾；务必请做某事词汇词组区别：1、anywhere表示“在任何地方”，常常用于否定句和疑问句中；I cant find it anywhere.somewhere表示“在某处；到某处”，常用于肯定句中。I lost my key somewhere near here.2、quite a few相当多;不少修饰可数名词复数He will stay here for quite a few days.quite a little许多；相
7、当多修饰不可数名词There is a quite a little water in the bottle.课本句型：We took quite a few photos there.3、课本句型：Still no one seemed to be bored.bored厌倦的，烦闷的，感到无聊的一般在句中修饰人，做表语 boring无趣的，令人厌烦的，单调的一般在句中修饰事或物，可作表语和定语exciting令人兴奋的，使人激动的可作定语和表语，做表语是主语通常是物。The story is interesting.excited感到兴奋的，激动的常作表语，主语通常为人Sarah was
8、excited to see the singer.课本句型：I feel like I was a bird.It was so exciting.4、课本句型：My sister and I tried paragliding.P5try doing sth尝试着做某事表示一种尝试，做做看的想法，不一定付出很多努力try to do sth尽力、设法去做某事表示想尽一切办法把事情办成，强调付出一定的努力设法去完成 5、课本句型：We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.P5too many
9、后接可数名词复数，意为“太多”She bought too many eggs.too much修饰不可数名词，意为“太多”，还可修饰动词做状语We have too much work to do.much too修饰形容词或副词，意为“太”You are walking much too fast.too much,much too,用法区别看后头，much 后接不可数，too 后修饰形或副。Too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。6、课本句型：And because of the bad weather,we couldnt see anything below.because of后
10、跟名词、代词、动名词、或相当于名词的短语，不能接句子。He lost his job because of his age.because连词，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由I didnt buy the shirt because it was too expensive.7、课本句型：My father didnt bring enough money,bring带来，拿来，指从别处带到说话者所在地Dont forget to bring your homework here.take带走，拿走，指从说话者所在地带到别处去We will tak the students to th
11、e museum.8、课本句型：because we forgot to bring an umbrella.forget to do sth忘记要做某事Dont forget to close the window.forget doin sth忘记做过某事I forget closing the window.Unit 2:How often do you exercise?New Wordshomework ever twice program(programme)swing junk 无用的东西 health online 在线的；联网的 through body together d
12、entist however almost point least hardly New Wordsonce internet 互联网；因特网 full maybe coffee percent 百分之 although mind such die magazine than less Important Phrases.1)how often 2)2)go to the dentist3)3)watch TV4)4)once a week5)5)use the Internet6)6)swing dance7)7)be good for8)8)go online9)9)help with h
13、ousework多久一次去看牙医看电视每周一次使用网络摇摆舞对有好处上网帮忙做家务10)on weekends11)less than12)go shopping13)twice a week14)read English books15)stay up late16)ask sb.about sth.17)such as 在周末少于去购物每周两次读英语书熬夜询问某人关于某事例如；像这样18)go to the movies19)hardly ever20)every day21)three times a week22)be free23)junk food24)at least 25)no
14、t at all26)more than去看电影几乎从不每天每周三次空闲的垃圾食品至少一点也不多于 课 文 要 点1、What do you usually do on weekends?on weekens 表示“在周末”，泛指每个周末；on the weekend 表示“在周末，在这个周末”，特指某个周末。2、help with housework help sb.with sth.=help sb.(to)do sth3、I sometimes play computer games.sometimes:频度副词，有时。表示动作不经常发生，多于一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中、句末。so
15、metime:副词，某个时候。表示某个不确切或不具体的时间，常常用于过去时或将来时，对它提问用when;some times:名词短语，几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用how many timessome time:名词短语，一段时间。表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词。对它提问用how long.I will stay here for some time.4、课本句型：How often do you watch TV?Twice a week.how ofen:多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率how long:多长，用来询问多长时间，也可以询问某物有多长；ho
16、w far:多远，用来询问距离，指路程的远近5、课本句型：Whats your favourite program?Whats your favourite?=What do you like best?6、课本句型：Hi,Claire,are you free next week?be free to do sth.自由的做某事7、课本句型：I have dance and piano lessons.have lessons:上课do ones lesson：做功课8、课本句型：I go to the movies maybe once a month.maybe副词，做状语Maybe y
17、ou are right.may be 情态动词+be You may be right.9、How often do you stay up late?stay up late熬夜到很晚，迟睡Dont stay up late next time.stay up熬夜，不睡觉He stayed up all night to write his story.10、课本句型：She says its good for my health.be good for对有益Doing morning exercises is good for you.be good at擅长，后接名词、代词或动名词。I
18、 am good at football.be good with和相处的很好Are you good with children?11、课本句型：We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day.1)find+宾语+名词：We found him a good boy.2)find+宾语+形容词：He found the room dirty.3)find+宾语+现在分词：I found her standing at the door.12、However,she has some bad habit
19、s,too.however然而，可是，即可作副词，也可作连词but可连接前后两个分句，意义上表示的是一个转折关系。用法总结：1)Help sb.With sth2)How about?3)Want sb to do sth4)How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？5)主语+find+that 从句6)Its+形容词+to do sth7)spend time with sb8)ask sb about sth9)by doing sth10)whats your favourite?11)start doing sth12)the best way to do sthUnit 3:I a
20、m more outgoing than my sister.New Wordsoutgoing loudly hard-working fantastic clearly talented care mirror necessary grade saying hand heart break laugh New Wordsloud primary though better quietly competition which win truly serious kid both should reach touch fact arm share similar information Imp
21、ortant Phrases1)care about2)be different from3)the same as 4)be similar to5)as long as6)bring out 7)in fact8)primary school9)make sb.laugh10)10)share everything与相像的、类似的和相同，与一致只要；既然使显现；使表现出句型：1、I am more outgoing than my sister.1)比较级结构：A+动词+形容词/副词的比较级+B2)A 比B2)在多音节形容词的前面加more/most.3)在比较级句型中，比较的双方必须是同
22、类事物；4)若同一类人或物在同一范围内进行比较，需要用“any other+单数名词”；Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.China is larger than any other country in Africa.5)当比较级句型中出现of the two 结构时，形容词比较级前必须用定冠词。Tom is the taller of the two brothers.2、Tara works as hard as Tina.asas:两者比较，程度相同not asas:两者比较，前者不如后者词性 意义 例句介词 作为 He w
23、orks in the school as a math teacher.像；如同 The old woman was dressed as a young lady.拓展：as 用法一览表拓展：as 用法一览表连词 像一样；依照You must do as Paul tell you.当的时候As she left the room she remembered that book.因为；由于You must hurry up as there is little time left.3、But the most important thing is to learn something n
24、ew and have fun.1)to learn something new and have fun，动词不定式结构，在句中作表语。不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作。*动词不定式作主语 不定式短语在句首作主语：To say is one thing and to do is another.用it 作形式主语：It is rude to turn your back to your teacher and refuse to answer.*动词不定式作表语*动词不定式作宾语2)Have fun,相关词组是have a good time,have a good day,enjoy o
25、neself 4、I think a good friend makes me laugh.make sb.do sth 让某人作某事，make 后跟省略to 的不定式作宾语补足语。拓展：see,watch,look,三眼；hear,listen to，两耳；feel,感觉；let,have,make 后跟省略to 的不定式作宾语补足语。Colors can change our moods and make us _ happy or sad.A.feel B.to feel C.felt D.feeling 5、My mother told me a good friend is like
26、 a mirror.1.that 引导的宾语从句2.注意：当主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect3.等词，主语多为第一人称，且宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把4.否定转移至主句中。5.例如：I dont think it is right for him to treat you like that.6、We both like sports,but he plays tennis better,so he always wins.1)both 表示两个事物或人，表示“两者都”的意思。2)*both 要与复数名词搭配使用，因此动词相应地也用复数形式bothand
27、可3)与单数名词连用。4)There are some trees on both sides of the street.5)*both 可作同位语，放在be 动词、助动词、情态动词之后。如果be 动词、情6)态动词、助动词后面的行为动词省去，则其位于助动词或情态动词之前。7)They are both students./Who can speak English?We both can.8)*使用“both(of)+复数名词”的结构，可以用来指“人”或“物”，谓语要用复数形9)式。10)Both of us are tall.11)巧记both 的用法：both 意思很简单，记住用法有点
28、难；它作主语真特殊，谓语必须用复数；要是它成了副词，那就位置受限制；be 动词需在前，实意动词跟后面；要是超过两者都，就把both 换成all.My parents _ at home on weekends.A.are all B.are both C.all are D.both are 2)win,常指竞争、比赛、争论、战斗中击败对手而赢得胜利,其宾语一般是表示游戏、比赛、竞赛、战争、奖品、争论等名词。Liu Xiang took part in the 2008 Beijing Olympics,but it was a pity that he didnt _a gold medal
29、.A.beat B.win C.make D.take 7、I dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different.1）由if 引导的宾语从句，表示“是否”，可以和whether 进行互换；2）宾语从句要用陈述句语序；3）只用if 不用whether 的情况：if 引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，例如：The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.固定短语：even if(即使），as if(好像）引导的状语从句，例如：He talks as if he has know
30、n all about it.8、比较级的变化规则：1)一般情况下，后面直接加er/est;2)本身有e 结尾的形容词或副词，后面直接加r/st;3)以辅音字母加y 结尾的形容词或副词，变y 为i 加er/est;4)以重读闭音节结尾，且结尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写最后一个字母加er/est;5)多音节词的前面加more/most;6)much 的后面加比较级，表示程度深。9、比较级常见用法；1）形容词或副词的比较级+than;2）可以修饰比较级的词：a bit,a little,rather,much,far,by far,a lot,a great deal,still,even 等。可以
31、用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语；3）many,old,far 后接名词时，much more+不可数名词名词，many more+可数名词复数；old 有两种比较级形式：older 和elder.elder 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。far 有两种比较级形式：farther 和further.Farther 表示距离更远，further 表示程度更进一步。4）“否定词+比较级”和“否定词+so+as”的结构可以表示最高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easist thing.10
32、、laugh,smile 的区别smile表示无声微笑，指面部表情Tom has a happy smile on his face.laugh指出声的笑，又有表情His joke make everybody laugh.11、aloud,loud,loudly 的用法区别 1）aloud 是副词，重点在出声，能让人听见，但声音不一定很大，常用在读书或说话上；aloud 没有比较级形式。It is good to read aloud often.He called aloud for help.2）loud 可作形容词或副词，常与speak,talk,laugh 等动词连用，多用于比较级，
33、放在动词之后。Suddenly we heard a loud shout.She told us to speak a little louder.3）loudly 是副词，与loud 同义，有时两者可以替换使用，但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思，可以位于动词之前或之后。He does not talk or laugh loudly in public.Someone knocked loudly at the door.Unit 4:Whats the best movie theater?New Wordstheater=theatre seat cheaply meal every
34、body crowed screen choose service menu talent role example worst worse ticket reporter pretty act common winnerpoor comfortable close carefully creative seriously comfortably song fresh performer beautifully prize giveNew Words Important Phrases 1)movie theater 2)in town 3)be up to4)come true 5)play
35、 a role 6)6)talent show7)7)have in common8)8)take seriously9)9)radio station电影院在城镇里由的决定实现发挥作用，有影响才艺展示有相同特征认真对待广播电台 10)no problem 11)waiting time 12)welcom to 13)make up 14)for example 15)get a good prize 16)so far 17)all kinds of 没问题等待时间欢迎到来编造的例如得到不错的奖品到目前为止，迄今为止各种类型，各种各样句型1、Its the closest to home.
36、1)形容词，“靠近的”1.close 比near 更为接近，有紧挨、尽在身边的意思，与介词to 连用，而near 的范围更广一些。例如：That old church is close to the school.2.用于人际关系时，多用close,而不用near，表示“亲爱的”,而near 有“近亲的，有血缘关系的”的意思；例如：We are near relatives.I felt very close to him.2)close to 意为“靠近，接近”，常与动词be/get 连用，即be/get close to,主要表示空间或是时间上的“密切或接近”。例如：Its close t
37、o twelve.3)closest 是形容词close 的最高级。最高级：*三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较，其中一个在某一方面超过其他，用最高级；*在句中使用中，形容词最高级前一般要加the,后面经常带有in 或of 的介词短语说明比较的范围；*表示“中最的一个”用 one of the+最高级+复数名词;the+序数词+最高级，表示“第几个最”例题：1)Who gets up _ of you all in the dormitory,Tony?2)Jimmy does.A.Early B.earlier C.earliestB.2)Please dont get close _ the
38、running train,or you will be in danger.C.A.from B.to C.after D.with 2、Its worse than Blue Moon.1)比较级只是与他人或他物的比较，不能与人或事物自身比较；2)要注意比较对象的一致；3)修饰词，不能使用very,more,quite 等来修饰比较级，常用来修饰比较级的词有still,even,much,far,a lot,a little,a great deal,rather 等。4)例题：Lucy does homework _ than Tim.5)A.carefully B.more caref
39、ul C.more carefully3、How do you like it so far?What do you think of 970 AM?How do sb.like?=What do sb.think of 认为怎么做What do sb.think of sth.=What do sb.think about sth.某人认为某事怎么样？Think 的小短语：think over 仔细考虑 think of 记得，想出，想起 think about 考虑，关心例题：_do you think of the film?A.What B.Who C.How4、Thats up to
40、 you to decide.be up to 的用法：1)be up to 表示“从事于；忙于”，后接名词、代词或-ing形式等；2)All of us are up to good deeds.我们所有人都在做有益的事情。3)2)be up to sb.to do sth.表示“应由某人做某事”，常用it 做形式主语；4)It is up to me to get the four of us moving.该由我来召集我们四个人行动起来。5)3)Be up to sb.表示“由某人决定；随由他人”6)Whether we will go to the park is up to your
41、 brother.7)我们是否去公园有你哥哥决定。4)be up to 表示“胜任；适于；适合”，多用于否定句或疑问句;Liping is not up to his work.Do you think she is up to doing it alone?5)Be up to 表示“比得上”The new book of Smiths is not up to his last.史密斯先生的这本新书不及他写的前一本书。例题：An Indian or a Chinese dish?Its _ you.A.agree with B.decide to C.up to D.to up 5、How
42、ever,not everybody enjoys watching these shows.1)名词：节目2)动词：1.展示：show 后面可以接双宾语，show sb.sth=show sth.to sb.2.带某人到,送某人到,例如：Youd better show her around our factory./Let me show you to the door.3.例题：I dont know the way to the supermarket,sir?4.Dont worry.Let me _ you the way there.5.A.take B.bring C.show
43、 D.see 6、Some think that the lives of the performers are made up.有些人认为那些表演者的身世都是被编造出来的。1)被动语态；2)make up 的不同意思：1.构成；组成；形成；占：The committee is made up of six women.2.编造；捏造；虚构：Its not sure.She make it up.3.打扮；化妆：She made up for the part of an old woman.她化妆扮演一个老妇人。4.铺床；整理：We made up our beds immediately
44、after getting up.例题：1)The bridge _ two years ago.A.built B.was built C.is built B.2)I have to well prepare for the math test tomorrow because it _ 30%of the final exam.C.A.sets up B.puts up C.uses up D.makes upUnit 5:Do you want to watch a game show?New Wordsplan might lose expect culture discussion
45、 character main may educational hope reason stand joke appear cartoon armyready successful meaningless rich film happen action news famous become unlucky New Words Important Phrases.1)find out2)do a good job3)have a discussion4)one of the main reasons5)dress up6)plan to 7)be ready to8)take sb.s plac
46、e9)around the world查明；弄清干得好有一个讨论主要原因之一装扮、打扮计划愿意迅速做某事代替、替换世界各地10)soap opera11)action movie12)hope to do st.13)expect to do sth.肥皂剧动作片希望去做某事期望去做某事句型：1、What do you think of talk shows?用来询问对方对某人或某物的看法，of 后接人也可接物，相当于How do you like”What do you think of the book?=How do you like the book?例题：What do you th
47、ink of the new book?_1.A.Id love to.B.I think so.2.C.I love it.D.Thats right.2、I dont mind them.1)动词，“介意、在乎”，常常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中，后接名词、代词、动名词或从句。2)Do you mind if I call you later?3)Would you mind making some room for the patient?2)动词，“当心，注意”。Mind the step!请注意台阶！3)名词，“头脑，想法，记性”。An idea has just come into
48、 my mind.拓展：change ones mind(改变主意），make up ones mind(下定决心）。例题：Would you mind_ the door?A.open B.opens 1.C.opening D.opened3、I cant stand them.1)忍受，常常用于否定句或疑问句中。I cant stand smoking in the house.2)站立。例题：Its also _.I cant _ it.A.also;stand B.also,standing B.C.Too;standing D.too;stand 4、I like to follo
49、w the story and see what happens next.发生；出现1)sth.+happen+地点/时间：表示某地或某事发生了什么事2)The movie story happened in 2013.3)An accident happened in that street.2)sth.+happen to do sth.:表示某人出了某事 A car accident happened to her this morning.What happened to you?3)sb.+happen+to do sth.:表示“某人碰巧做某事”I happened to mee
50、t a friend of mine in the street yesterday.4)It happened/happens that:表示“碰巧或恰巧发生某事”It happened thatthat Brian and Peter were at home that day.(that 从句中，如果主语是人时，可以与sb.happen to do sth 结构互换）=Brian an Peter happen to be at home that day.例题：Please give it to my wife if anything should _.A.to happen me B