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1、 FIRST AID FOR BURNS烫伤急救The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. 皮肤是人体至关重要的一部分，也是人体最大的器官。Your skin acts as a barrier against disease, toxins, and the suns rays. 皮肤是一道屏障，能阻挡疾病、毒素和太阳光线的侵入。It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much w
2、ater, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch. 皮肤还有助于控制体温，防止身体流失过多的水分，在外物过热或过冷时发出警告，并使你拥有触觉。As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. 可想而知，烧伤会造成严重后果。 The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.在处理烧伤时
3、，第一步也是最重要的一步就是采取急救措施。知识点:1. act as 扮演2. prevent from 阻止.伤害3. sense of touch 触觉4. get burnt 烧伤5. first aid 急救CAUSES OF BURNS烧伤的原因You can get burnt by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, or other chemicals.很多东西都会造成烧伤：灼热的液体、蒸汽、明火、辐射、太阳光、电流、酸性物质或其他化学品。T
4、YPES OF BURNS烧伤的种类Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage.根据皮肤损伤的深度，烧伤分为三类。l First-degree burns These affect only the top few millimetres of the skin. These burns are not serious. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents.l 一度
5、烧伤：仅伤及最上层几毫米的皮肤。此类烧伤并不严重，如轻度的晒伤和其他轻微家庭事故造成的烧伤。l Second-degree burns These go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious and take a few weeks to get better. Examples include burns caused by hot liquids.l 二度烧伤：伤及最上层皮肤以下的部位。此类烧伤较为严重，需要数周时间才能康复，如灼热的液体造成的烧伤。l Third-degree burns These affect every
6、layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or petrol fires. These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once.l 三度烧伤：伤及每一层皮肤，有时甚至伤及皮下组织，如因电击灼伤、衣服着火造成的烧伤，或汽油起火造成的烧伤。此类烧伤会引起非常严重的内
7、部损伤，伤者必须立即送往医院。知识点：1. household incident 家庭事故2. take s.t. to do sth. 花费多长时间做某事3. be caused by 由造成4. at once 立刻马上CHARACTERISTICS OFBURNS烧伤的特点First-degree burnsl dry, red, and mildly swollenl mildly painfull turn white when pressed一度烧伤l 干燥、发红、微肿l 微痛l 受压时变白Second-degree burnsl red and swollen; blisters
8、; watery surfacel extremely painful二度烧伤l 发红、肿胀；起水疱；表层渗液l 极度疼痛Third-degree burnsl black and whitel swollen; the tissue underneath can often be seenl little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be painful around the edges of the burn三度烧伤l 皮肤发黑或变白l 肿胀；通常可见皮下组织l 如神经受损，则微痛或无痛感；创面边缘或有痛感FIRST-AID TREATMEN
9、T急救处理1. Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling.1. 将烧伤部位放在流动的冷水下冲洗，尤其在前十分钟。冷水冲洗可阻止烧伤进程，缓解疼痛和肿胀2. Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth.2. 用干净的布轻轻吸干烧伤部位的水分。3. Remove any clothes us
10、ing scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.3. 如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。4. Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.4. 用宽松干净的布盖住烧伤部位。在受伤
11、处涂抹油膏不可取，因为这会阻碍伤口散热，而且可能引发感染。5. If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe.5. 如果烧伤部位在脸上，应确保伤者仍可呼吸。6. If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.6. 如果伤者是二度或三度烧伤，必须立刻送往医院。知识点：1. running water 流水2.
12、stick to 粘在3. apply to 把涂抹在4. make sure 确保5. at once 立刻马上课文语法填空First Aid for Burns The skin is an essential part of your body and is _ (it) largest organ. Your skin _ (act) as _ barrier against disease, toxins, and the suns rays. It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body_ losin
13、g too much water, warns you _ things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch. As you can imagine, _ (get) burnt can lead to very serious injuries. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is _(give) first aid. CAUSES OF BURNS You can get burnt _ a variety of things:
14、 hot _(liquid), steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, _ other chemicals. TYPES OF BURNS Burns are _(divide) into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. First-degree burns These affect only the top few millimetres of skin. These burns are not serious. Examples include mild
15、 sunburn and burns _(cause) by other minor household incidents. Second-degree burns These go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious and take a few weeks _ (get) better. Examples include burns caused _ hot liquids. Third-degree burns These affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the
16、tissue under it. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, _ (burn) clothes, or petrol fires. These burns cause very severe internal _ (injury) and the victim must go to the hospital at once.CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNSFirst-degree burns dry, red, and mildly swollen mildly _ (pain) turn white _
17、pressed Second-degree burns red and swollen; blisters; watery surface _(extreme) painfulThird-degree burns black _ white swollen; the tissue underneath can often _(see) little or no pain if nerves_(damage); may be painful around the edges of the burnFIRST-AID TREATMENT 1 Place burns under cool _(run
18、) water, especially within the first ten minutes. The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling. 2 Dry the burnt area _ (gentle) with a clean cloth. 3 Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 4 Cover the burnt
19、area with a loose clean cloth. _(apply) oil on the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. 5 If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe. 6 If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is _ urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.6.高一英语 第 9页 (共4页) 高一英语 第 10页 (共4页)学科网（北京）股份有限公司