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1、人教版选择性必修第二册unit1课文阅读理解+拓展训练1Whats the main idea of the passage?AThe cause of cholera was polluted water.BJohn Snow was a wellknown doctor in London.CThe source of all drinking water should be examined.DJohn Snow did some research and helped to solve “King Cholera”答案D2Read the passage and match the m
2、ain idea of each paragraph.Para.1ASnow collects information and offers solutions.Para.2 BSnow desires to defeat cholera.Para.3 CSnow is determined to investigate.Para.4 DJohn Snow is the father of modern epidemiology.Para.5 ESnow finds the truth of cholera.答案Para.1BPara.2CPara.3APara.4EPara.5DRead t
3、he passage carefully and choose the best answer.1Which of the following theories did John Snow believe in?ABad air caused the disease.BPeople absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals.CPeople got infected with cholera because of cold and hunger.DPeople suffered from cholera because they we
4、re not clean.2What was the key to help for John Snows discovery?AThe government.BThe woman who had moved away from Broad Street.CThe water company.DThe map made by himself.3At last，“King Cholera” was controlled by .Ausing medicines in hospitalBdriving patients out of the countryCdealing with the pol
5、luted waterDgetting rid of all kinds of pollution4What conclusion did John Snow draw according to the evidence?ACholera multiplied in the water.BPolluted water carried the virus.CA cloud of dangerous gas caused cholera.DCholera could never be controlled even though its cause was found.5Where does th
6、is text probably come from?AA newspaper.BA medical report.CA book review.DA TV interview.答案BDCBAAfter reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.In the early 19th century,1._a severe cholera hit Europe，John Snow became 2._(frustrate) because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.3
7、. _he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.Snow subscribed to the theory that cholera 4._(cause) by an 5._(infect) from germs in food or water.Snow began by 6._(mark) on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived.As 7._ result，John Snow was able to announce that t
8、he pump water 8._(carry) cholera germs.9._(according)，he had the handle of the pump 10._(remove) so that it could not be used.Through this intervention，the disease was stopped in its tracks.1.when 2 frustrated 3 But 4 was caused 5 infection6 marking 7 a 8 carried 9 Accordingly 10 removed1In the earl
9、y 19th century，when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe，millions of people died from the disease._2One theory was that bad air caused the disease.Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water._3It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she ha
10、d it delivered to her house every day._1 句式分析该句为复合句。In the early 19th century，millions of people died from the disease是主句；when引导定语从句，修饰先行词the early 19th century。自主翻译在19世纪早期霍乱爆发时，数百万人死于这场疾病。2 句式分析两句均为复合句。两个that都引导表语从句。自主翻译一个理论说坏的气体引发疾病，另一理论则说霍乱是通过食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。3 句式分析此句是复合句，It seemed that.是固定句式结构，意为：好
11、像，可以转换成“名词或代词seem动词不定式”句型；so.that引导的是结果状语从句，在从句中had it delivered.中的delivered作宾语补足语，意为“让别人送水”，此处it指代the water from the pump。自主翻译这位女士似乎非常喜欢这个井里面的水以至于每天让人给她运来。板块二-拓展训练AThe disease malaria(疟疾) has caused trouble to mankind throughout history.In the 1860s as the drug called chloroquine began to lose its
12、effectiveness，malaria began to appear again in Southeast Asia.Every country in the world then huge amounts of human resources into discovering another antimalaria drug.In 1964，China put forward the plan to seek a breakthrough from among traditional Chinese medicinal drugs.There was no great discover
13、y until 1981.When Chinese scientist Tu Youyou gave a speech titled “Chemical Research into Artemisinin(青蒿素)” at an international conference of the WHO.The speech was regarded as a lifeline for malaria sufferers.Tu Youyou graduated from the Medical College of Peking University.In 1969，just as the res
14、earch into treating malaria had reached dead end，the 39yearold Tu，in order to overcome this terrible problem，took on the job as head of a research team into this problem.The first thing Tu did was interview experienced doctors of Chinese medicine.Then she and her colleagues conducted various kinds o
15、f experiments on hundreds of kinds of Chinese medicinal herbs，including artemisinin.However，the results were disappointing: even those involving artemisinin，which had been universally well regarded，were less than satisfactory.But later，when Tu found a relevant passage written by Ge Hong of the Easte
16、rn Jin Dynasty(317420)，it occurred to her that high temperatures destroy artemisinins effectiveness: it needs a low temperature to work properly.The discovery pointed to a brandnew direction for Tu and her research team.Finally，in 1972，an extract(# R40) of it was found to be one hundred percent effe
17、ctive against the disease!In 2000 the WHO announced artemisinin was a leading antimalarial drug，and promoted it worldwide.So far，it has been playing a great role in the battle against malaria.Beginning at the age of 39，Tu devoted her life to her research.In 2015，at the age of 85 and as the first Chi
18、nese scientist，she received a Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine.How did Tu manage to accomplish such a great achievement? You probably have the answer to that already.1What can be learnt about “chloroquine” from Paragraph 1?AIt contributed to Tus great discovery.BIt was discovered by experts in
19、Southeast Asia.CIt was a breakthrough out of Chinese medicine.DIt used to be effective against the disease of malaria.2What did Tu Youyou do after reading a passage by Ge Hong?AShe interviewed doctors to collect their experience.BShe attempted to heat the extract at a low temperature.CShe made neces
20、sary adjustments in each stage of her research.DShe expanded access to the antimalarial drug around the world.3Which of the following can best summarize the main reason for Tus success?AYou reap what you sow.BActions speak louder than words.CDont claim to know what you dont know.DLive and learn thro
21、ugh your mistakes or experience.答案DBABMadame Curie，the youngest of the five children，was born in Warsaw，Poland in 1867.Marie Curies maiden name was Manya.Her parents were teachers，and she learned the importance of education at a very early age.No higher education was offered to women in Poland at th
22、at time，so Manya took a job as a tutor.She sent part of her income to Paris to help pay for her elder sisters medical studies.Her sister qualified as a doctor and married a fellow doctor in 1891.Manya went to joined them in Paris，changing her name to Marie.She entered the Sorbonne (now the Universit
23、y of Paris) and studied physics and mathematics，graduating at the top of her class.For the research she wanted to do，she was introduced to another young scientist，Pierre Curie.Later，they fell in love with each other.After she was rewarded the Nobel Prize，fame troubled Marie Curie and also her husban
24、d，because science was their world and in this world of science，fame and honor to persons had no value.One day when a writer for a newspaper tried to ask Marie about herself，her thoughts and her beliefs，she answered him，“In science we must be interested in things，not in persons.” Much of the real cha
25、racter and spirit of this unusual woman was found in these few words，which she was later often to repeat.One evening，at a big party，a friend asked if she would like to meet the King of Greece，who was also a guest.She answered in her simple manner，“I dont see the value of it.” Then，seeing that she hu
26、rt the feeling of her friend，she quickly added，“But.but.of course，I shall do whatever you please.Just as you please.”4What did Marie Curie once do to help pay for her elder sisters medical studies?AShe was a teacher.BShe was a doctor.CShe was a tutor.DShe was a waitress.5What was valuable to Marie C
27、urie?AScience and research.BFame and honor.CCharacter and spirits.DPersons and things.6The writer for a newspaper was interested in .Athings BMarie CurieCMaries husband Dpersons7What do you think might have happened between Marie Curie and the King of Greece?AThe King was angry with Marie Curie.BFor
28、 the sake of her friend Marie Curie met the King of Greece.CThe King of Greece wrote a letter to invite Marie Curie to meet him.DMarie Curie held another party for the King.答案CADBCPeople tend to become more personal and hide less of themselves when using email.Researchers from Open University in Bri
29、tain have found in a recent study that there are good reasons for this.The team of researchers asked 83 pairs of students，all strangers to each other，to solve a problem.They had to discuss this question: If only five people in the world could be saved from a world disaster，who should they be? The pa
30、irs of students had to talk over the problem either face to face or by computers.Dr Johnson said，“They told their partners four times as much about themselves when they talked over the Internet as when they talked face to face.When the computers were fitted with cameras so that students could see ea
31、ch other，this limited the personal side of the conversation.”Generally the information was not extremely personal.It was mainly about things such as where they went to school，or where they used to live.But some students discussed their love stories，and personal childhood experiences.Dr Johnson belie
32、ves that emailing encourages people to focus on themselves.And when they do this，they become more open，especially if there are no cameras.“If you cannot see the other person，it becomes easier to talk about yourself.This is because you are not thinking what the other person is thinking of you.So emai
33、ling has become the modern way of talking，” said Dr Johnson.However，this style of talking is not entirely new.“In the 19th century people started to use the telegraph to communicate.Now the same kind of thing has happened and people ended up speaking more freely.”Dr Johnson thinks that emailers need
34、 to know about these effects of emailing，especially when they start work in a company.“If you dont know about it，you could find yourself saying more about yourself than you wanted to.”8The subject discussed in this passage is .Ahow people open up when emailingBhow people do research studiesChow to c
35、ommunicate at workDhow to discuss and solve a problem9The reason that some couples talked freely about themselves is that .Athey didnt talk about very personal thingsBthey couldnt see each otherCthe cameras on the computers were turned onDthey had to discuss a question10What does the underlined sent
36、ence refer to?AThe telegraph.BThe computer.CEmailing.DFacetoface talk.11In the writers opinion，one should .Afocus on oneself when emailingBtalk more freely in emails than usualCdiscuss any subject that one wants toDconsider how one uses email at work答案ABCD.七选五Walking music is any type of music that
37、a person uses to help him or her walk and maintain a steady pace and rhythm during exercise. 12 If someone is not interested in the workout and is walking to enjoy the scenery or just to get outside，then music could also be chosen.The music chosen as walking music will usually be music that he or sh
38、e finds especially motivating.This may not be as fast paced as music chosen for running. 13 How it is chosen will depend a great deal upon the musical preferences of a person. 14 Someone else，however，may find such music too relaxing and prefer modern rock and roll，jazz，hip hop.Regardless of the actu
39、al music itself，the intention is for a person to find music that helps him or her keep feet moving.Thus，the exercise becomes easier and requires less focus.This is especially helpful for someone to increase the effectiveness of walking as a form of exercise.In this type of situation，a person might c
40、hoose walking music that allows him or her to disappear into the music and not focus on the act of walking. 15 Someone else，however，might choose walking music that motivates him or her to push himself or herself harder and walk faster or for greater distances. 16 It could be intended to get someone
41、psychologically more excited for an intense workout.AThus，they will like walking.BThis type of music may be more intense.CPeople will get used to walking music soon.DThe choice of walking music is usually a fairly personal one.EThis can made him or her not feel any aching muscles or weariness.FThis type of music may often be used for other types of exercise and activity as well.GFor one person，classical music such as Beethoven or Mozart may be excellent walking music.12F13D14G15E16B