《译林牛津版高二英语必修五unit1 知识点及语法总结.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《译林牛津版高二英语必修五unit1 知识点及语法总结.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、译林牛津版高二英语必修五unit1知识点及语法总结译林牛津版高二英语必修五unit1知识点及语法总结Welcometotheunit&ReadingI.重点单词1.betray.vt.1)出卖；背叛Hewouldratherdiethanbetrayhiscountrytotheenemy.2)显露；泄露Theexpressiononherfacebetraysheranger.2.pretend.vt/vi1)vt.假装，佯装,后接不定式和从句做宾语。Shepretendedtobereading.她假装在看书。2vi.假装Shewasntreallycrying,shewasonlypre
2、tending.3.admit.vt1)成认；供认admitdoingsth.成认做某事admittosb.向某人成认Headmittedhiscrime.2)许可进入，准许进入admitsb.to/into-接纳某人进入.;吸收某人参加.HeisadmittedtoNanjingUniversitythisyear.3)包容,容许Thecinemaadmitsabout2000people.4)admitof容许有;有.可能;容有.的余地Hisillnessadmitsofnodelay.4.swear.vt/vi发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂sweartosb./swearthat从句向某人承诺发誓
3、swearswore-sworn5.focus.n/vt/vi1)n.焦点，注意力putfocuson集中注意力于.2)vi/vtfocuson集中注意力于.近义词组：concentrateonpayfullattentiontodevoteto6.guilty.adj有罪的1)beguiltyof“犯了罪Intheprocessofgainingourrightfulplace,wemustnotbeguiltyofwrongfuldeeds.2)befoundguilty被判决有罪Maggiecouldbesentencedtouptothreeyearsinprisionif(hewas
4、)foundguilty.7.remark.Vt/n评论makeremarksonsth=makecommentsonsth对作出评论8.apologize.vi道歉apologizetosb=makeanapologytosb向某人道歉9.sensitive.adj敏感的;体贴的besensitiveto对体贴，敏感10.blame.n/vt责备1)n.putblameonsb责备某人2)vt.blamesbforsth因某事责备某人blamesthonsb把某事归咎于某人Heblamedhisfaiureonhisteacher.sbbetoblame=sbshouldbeblamed主动
5、形式表被动Youaretoblame.你应该受责备。11.gifted.adj=talented有天赋的1)begiftedfor/as有天赋2)haveagiftfor有天赋II.重点词组1.begsbtodosth恳求某人做某事2.stareat凝视glareat怒视gazeat瞪眼看3.keeponesword守诺言breakonesword食言haveawordwith与交谈haveawordswith与吵架4.feellikedoing想要做某事soundlike听起来像5.gostraightto径直去6.spyon监视watchover看管7.keeppacewith与协调一致k
6、eepupwith跟上8.asaresultof由于becauseof=dueto=owingto由于asaresult结果resultin导致resultfrom源于，由于9.turninto转变成turnup出现，出席turnout结果是turnsbdown拒绝turnaround转身；逆转turnto转向10.aswellas和aswell也mayaswell不如不妨11.shoutat朝大喊(生气，愤怒)shoutto朝大喊指远处12.makesomecruelremarks咒骂某人，讲坏话13.eventhough即便14.cannothelpdoingsth禁不住做某事canthe
7、lpbutdosth只好做某事canthelptodosth不能帮助做某事15.accusesbofsth指控某人某事inform.of告知approveof同意warnof警告III.重点句式1.Imusthavesoundedveryproudofmyselfafterthequiz,sayinghoweasyitwasandhowIwassuretogetagoodmark.page21“must+完成时表示对过去事情语气比拟肯定的揣测。对如今揣测，用mustbe.Theymusthavebeenlaughingbehindmyback.(page2他们在我背后一定是笑得合不拢嘴。“mu
8、st+完成时构造的反义疑问句，疑问部分应根据must后的动词形式采用相应的形式，可用have(has)，可以用did。但若句中出现了过去时间状语，则只能用did。Hemusthavereadit,hasnt/didnthe?他一定读过它，是吗?Hemusthaveleftyesterday,didnthe?他昨天一定走了，是吗?表示揣测的否认构造要用“cannot/cant,或者是can+其他具有否认意义的副词。例如：Youcantbetiredyouveonlybeenworkingforanhour.你不可能疲倦，你只工作了一小时。2.,sayinghoweasyitwasandhowIw
9、assuretogetagoodmark是非谓语动词doing做原因状语；howeasyitwasandhowIwassuretogetagoodmark是how引导的名词性从句做say的宾语。2.IthoughtthatHannahmusthavetoldeveryoneaboutmygradesafterpromisingmenotto.page21)musthavetold表示对过去揣测；2afterpromisingmenotto=aftershepromisednottotellanyone.a.after引导的状语从句，当从句的主语she与主句的主语Hannah一致时，从句的she
10、能够省略，同时从句的谓语动词promised要变成非谓语形式promising;b.promisingmenotto属于todo不定式省略动词do的情况，在某些动词后，如：promise,like,hope,want等，为避免与上一句todo中的动词重复，可省略to后的动词。3.IcannothelpwonderingifhewantsPetertobehisbestfriendinsteadofme.page31ifhewantsPetertobehisbestfriendinsteadofme为wonder的宾语从句2wondervt.(对).感到奇怪;想知道，不知道Iwonderif/w
11、hetheryou可用来客气地提出请求；wonder后可接其他连接词引导的宾语从句。例如：Iwonderifyoudgivemesomeadvice.Iwonderwhoheis,wherehecamefromandwhyhecame.wonder后可接“疑问词动词不定式作宾语：例如：Theywaitedandwonderedwhattodo.thereisnowonderthat从句：难怪.Thereisnowonderthatyouwerelateforschool,foryourbikebrokedown.4.Heaccusemeofsomebadthingsjusttohurtme.(
12、page31)accusesbofsth=chargesbwithsth指控某人.2justtohurtme属于非谓语todo形式，在句中做目的状语，类似的词组还有：onlyto(表示出人意料的结果)，inorderto/soasto(表示目的)5.Ifso,theproblemlieswithyou,nother.page5(1)Ifso是个条件从句，so代替上文内容。not也有同样用法，构成省略句式：ifnot。又如：Shemaynotbefreetoday.她今天可能没空。Ifso,wellhavetoputthemeetingoff.假如是这样，这会就得延后了。Getupearlyto
13、morrow,ifnot(youdontgetupearly),youwillmissthefirstbus.明天你得早起，否则你不早起，你会错过首班车。(2)liewith“是的责任；取决于。例如：Thesolutiontotheproblemlieswithyou.解决该问题的办法落在你的肩上。7.Ihavenodoubthewillsucceed.page7doubt作名词常用句型havenodoubt意为“毫无疑义；毫无疑问，其中doubt是名词。例如：Iforonehavenodoubtthatheslying.Thereisnodoubtthat“毫无疑问,that从句是同位语从句
14、。例如：ThereisnodoubtthatMaryisqualifiedforthejob.no/without/beyonddoubt“无疑地；必定Thetruthofthereportisbeyondalldoubt.Hewaswithoutdoubttheveryworstkindofreporter.Thosewholeftwereattracted,nodoubt,byhigherpay.Task&ProjectI.重点单词1.acquaintance.n泛泛之交makeacquaintancewithsb结识某人2.anchor.n.锚；vt.扎根于beanchoredin=be
15、basedon根植于3.attitude.n.看法，态度havepositiveattitudetowardssth/sb4.cautious.adj小心慎重的becautiousabout=becarefulaboutcaution.N小心5.eager.adj急迫的beeagertodo=bedyingfor=longfor=lookforwardtoeagerness.N6.respond.vi回应，回复respondto回复replyto回应reactto回应response.n回复inresponsetosth对做出回复7.mercy.n仁慈atthemercyof在的支配下:/do
16、czj/doc/cb4c42ddbf23482fb4daa58da0116c175e0e1e4a.mitted.adj尽心尽力的becommittedtodoingsth=bedevotedtodoing=beabsorbedindoing=concentrateondoing=bebentondoing=beoccupiedindoing投入做某事commit.Vt致力于committodoingsth致力于做某事committosth致力于某事commitsuicide自杀commitcrime犯罪9.regardless.Adv不管，不顾regardlessof=indespiteof=
17、despite+名词或名词性从句，意为“尽管regard.Vt看做regardas=thinkofas=lookonas=considerasII.重点词组1.getthrough接通；渡过geton/alongwith与相处getover克制getacross使明白2.beanchoredin根植于3.bebasedon以为基础sbbaseon某人把基于之上onthebasisof在的基础上4.regardlessof不管不顾5.endup结果endup+形容词/done/doing/介词短语，表结果是endin结果是intheend最后6.relyon依靠dependon依靠依靠7.tha
18、nksto幸亏butfor=thanksto+名词表示与事实相反时，主句用虚拟语态，例如：Thankstoyourhelp,wewouldnothavefinishedthetask.8.getalongwith与相处getalongwithsb与某人相处getalongwithsth某事进展9.havedifferentattitudestowards对有不同的看法10.becautiousabout对小心慎重11.beeagerto急迫盼望.12.onthewaytosp在去的路上onthewaytodoing即将.inthisway如此一来intheway挡道，碍事13.haveaqua
19、rrelwith与某人争吵quarrelwithsb与某人争吵14.makeanapology道歉apologizetosb道歉15.inconclusion总结inaword总之inshort简言之inall总共inbrief简言之16.lookbackon回首lookthrough看穿；阅读lookdownupon小看，瞧不起lookupto敬仰lookinto调查III.重点句式1.Theyarestillsittingonthesofa,continuingthesameconversationonthesametopic.continuingthesameconversationon
20、thesametopic,在句中作伴随状语，主句主语they与continue是主谓关系，故用doing非谓语形式。2.Whenasked,theyusuallyhesitatebeforeresponding.此句完好形式为Whentheywereasked,theyusuallyhesitatebeforetheyrespond.属于状语从句的省略，当状从的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语可省略，从句的谓语动词变为非谓语动词形式。3.Wehavetorealize:boysshareactivities,whilegirlssharefeelings.1while意为“然而，并列连词表比
21、照转折。2while还可意为“尽管，引导让步状语从句=though,例如：whiletheweatheristerrible,theystillarrivedhereontime4.Thequalitiesthatboysandgirlsconsiderimportantinafriendseemtobethesame,regardlessofthebasisofthesefriendship.1thatboysandgirlsconsiderimportantinafriend是定语从句，先行词是qualities;2seemtodo表示“似乎，好似，属于todo非谓语形式，其形式还有：se
22、emtobedoing(表进行时态)/seemtohavedone(表示过去已完成)3regardlessof表示尽管，做让步状语。5.Iendupreturningtothetrainstationandspendingtherestofthedayinthewaitingroom.endup+形容词/done/doing/介词短语，表结果是,例如：1Heendsupsuccessfulafteryearsofefforts.2Heendsupinprisonbecausehewaschargedwithrobbery.3Heendsupfinishingthetaskaheadoftime
23、.4Hiseffortsenduppaidoff.6.Friendshipmeansbeingcommittedtoothers.1)mean.vt.意谓,想要,预定vi.用意,有意义meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味着做某事Imeanttogiveyouthisbooktoday,butIforgot.Hemeansthishouseforhisdaughter.习惯用语：bemeanttodo照道理，照规矩；应该，必须；得要；Hewasmeantfor/tobeadoctor.meansb.for准备让某人干某工作meanmuchtosb.对某人很重要;对某人
24、很可贵meanagreatdealmean.adj.低劣的,卑鄙的,普通的,吝啬的,简陋的,不舒适的Petersfatherwasverymean;henevergavePeteranynewclothes.2)becommittedtosb表示对某人很投入，真诚7.Thebestwaytohaveafriendistobeafriend.tohaveafriend系todo非谓语形式做后置定语；tobeafriend是todo非谓语形式做表语。Grammar:todo/doing一、动词不定式TheInfinitiveFormofVerbs动词不定式是非谓语动词形式之一，它不能充当谓语，但具
25、有谓语动词的主要特征，即时态和语态的变化；能够有本人的宾语和状语，构成不定式短语。2不定式的用法不定式能够用来做主语、表语、定语、状语、宾语、独立成分，表示比拟详细的意义。1做主语动词不定式短语Tomasteraforeignlanguageisnoeasyjob.Toseethisfilmistowastetime.Tosolvethisproblemisoutofthequestion为平衡整个句子，避免头重脚轻，常用it做形式主语，而将真正主语不定式放后面，用于这种形式是一些特定的构造。例如：1谓语部分是系表构造，表语是某些形容词或名词。例如：Itisfoolishtoactinthisway.Itsoundsreasonabletodoitthisway.Itappearslikelyforthemtoarrive.Itisagoodideatothinkthisway.2某些动词做谓语时。例如：Ittookmuchtimetodothis.Itmakesusexcitedtothinkaboutthat.