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1、Chapter 9Getting Started with the Operating System1Ch1OverviewWill discuss the purpose and function of an operating system.2Ch1OverviewWill identify the system configuration and version of Windows that you are using.3Ch1Overview The need and procedure for booting the system will be explained.4Ch1Ove
2、rviewThe function of,and rules for,file specifications will be explained.5Ch1OverviewWill discuss why Microsoft has DOS function available to the user.6Ch1OverviewWill compare and contrast data files with system files.7Ch1OverviewWill explain the purpose and function of commands and then use the com
3、mands for specific tasks.8Ch1OverviewMake a copy of a disk.9Ch1OverviewLearn the proper way to end a work session.10Ch1What is an Operating System?The operating system:First program loaded into memory(RAM)Software program-makes computer work11Ch1What is an Operating System?The operating system:Super
4、vises application programs and all input/output of computerTakes care of mandatory functions of computer12Ch1What is an Operating System?User communicates with the operating system and the OS runs the computer.Working with the operating system is known as being on the SYSTEM LEVEL.13Ch1Versions of t
5、he Operating System(OS)New versions of OS Assigned a numbertake advantage of new technology.Upgrades contain enhancements which increase capabilities of computer.14Ch1Versions of the Operating System(OS)Current version of Windows Operating system is Windows XPTwo versions Windows XP Home Edition and
6、 Windows XP Professional15Ch1Overview of Files and DisksDisks are the primary way to permanently save data and programs.Files are used to organize data for ease of retrieval.16Ch1Overview of Files and DisksFigure 1.1 Disks and Files p.417Ch1File Names,File Types,and FoldersFile names(file specificat
7、ions):Must have a unique name.Comes in two parts-File name File extension18Ch1File Names,File Types,and FoldersFile name describes and identifies the contents of a file.The file extension identifies the type of file.19Ch1File Names,File Types,and FoldersConsider using the 8.3 rule when naming files.
8、20Ch1File Names,File Types,and FoldersThere are two types of files:Program files Data files21Ch1File Names,File Types,and FoldersProgram files(used to create data):Step by step instructions for computerIn RAM for application program to workFall into generic categories22Ch1File Names,File Types,and F
9、oldersData files:User created using application programUsed only in conjunction with an application program 23Ch1File Names,File Types,and FoldersThe operating system can divide or structure disks into folders(directories).24Ch1File Names,File Types,and FoldersPrimary directory(Root):Created when di
10、sk is formatted Symbol is (backslash)25Ch1Identifying Your System Configuration Different system configurations:One hard disk drive,one CD-ROM drive,and one floppy disk driveOne hard disk drive,one CD-ROM drive,one floppy disk drive,and one Zip driveTwo hard disk drives,one CD-ROM drive,and one flop
11、py disk drive One hard disk drive,one CD-ROM drive,one read-write CD-ROM drive,and one floppy disk drive26Ch1Computer Configuration GuideComparison of Previous Windows Versions with XP p.727Ch1Computer Configuration GuideComparison of Book Reference and Your System p.728Ch1Booting the SystemBooting
12、the system:Moving operating system programs from system disk to memory(RAM)so computer can be used29Ch1ActivityBooting the SystemFig 1.2 Powering on the Computer p.830Ch1ActivityBooting the SystemWindows XP Professional Startup Sequence:1.BIOS initiates POST,finds boot device and then loads first ph
13、ysical sector or booting device into memory.2.Ntldr is loaded and then it loads N for hardware detection.3.Hardware configuration selection(if needed).4.Kernel loading.31Ch1ActivityBooting the SystemWindows XP Professional Startup Sequence:5.Determine which Plug and Play devices are installed.6.Medi
14、a support files for hard drive and any special video drivers are loaded.7.Drivers for all services system supports are loaded.8.Operating system logon process32Ch1ActivityBooting the SystemKEY CONCEPTS:Lab procedures Handling of disks Windows XP Professional startup sequence33Ch1Shutting Down the Sy
15、stemMust shut down computerproperly so it will not“crash”.34Ch1ActivityWindows Shut-Down ProcedureKEY CONCEPTS:Proper shut down procedureLogging off vs.shutting down computer35Ch1Why DOS?Windows is a graphical user interface(GUI).36Ch1Why DOS?DOS as a stand alone operating system is dead.37Ch1Why DO
16、S?Disk Operating System(DOS):Character-based OSWorks with prompts such as C:Command line interface 38Ch1Why DOS?To accomplish task at command line interface need to know:What command to use How to use command39Ch1Why DOS?Why learn DOS?Many tasks must be done at the command line promptSome tasks are
17、accomplished easier and faster in DOSAssumption that user“knows”DOS40Ch1Why DOS?Why learn DOS?Internet users use command line similar to DOS Career with networks or computer related fields must know command line interfaceKnowing DOS a must if working for A+certification.41Ch1Accessing the Command Li
18、ne PromptTo access command line prompt,must open Command Prompt(DOS)window.Exit Command Prompt window before turning off computer42Ch1ActivityThe Command Line PromptKEY CONCEPTS:Opening Command Prompt WindowCreating shortcut to command lineWizardNaming shortcutsAltering properties of Command Prompt
19、Window43Ch1Controlling the Appearance of the Command-Line WindowThe appearance of the command-line window can be altered.44Ch1Controlling the Appearance of the Command-Line WindowWhile in the window view can.use Minimize button.use Maximize button.use Restore button.alter size of text.toggle between
20、 window and full-screen mode.45Ch1ActivityAltering the Command-Line WindowKEY CONCEPTS:Tool TipsMinimize/Maximize/Restore WindowsTrueType vs.raster(bit-mapped)fontsReturn to desktop and follow proper shut down procedure46Ch1The Default Drive and Default DirectoryCommand prompt:Where user keys in com
21、mands Is character-based47Ch1The Default Drive and Default DirectoryThe command prompt:C:C:WINDOWS C:WINDOWSSYSTEM3248Ch1The Default Drive and Default DirectoryDisplayed default drive and directory:Your locationWhere the OS looks for commandsCan be changed 49Ch1The Default Drive and Default Director
22、yDisplayed default drive and directory depends on:System configuration Current running software50Ch1ActivityChanging the Default DriveFig 1.3 Inserting a Disk p.1951Ch1ActivityChanging the Default DriveKEY CONCEPTS:Recognizing prompt Where to key in information When to press key Proper way to insert
23、 disk52Ch1Understanding CommandsCommands:Programs that perform specific tasksAre either internal or external53Ch1Understanding CommandsInternal commands:Built into command processorAutomatically loaded/stored in RAM when system booted54Ch1Understanding CommandsExternal commands:Are stored as files o
24、n a diskMust be read into RAM each time command is keyed in55Ch1Understanding CommandsAll program files(including application programs)are external.56Ch1Understanding Commands“External command”:Group of programs that perform operating functionsGroup of files referred to as system files or command li
25、ne utility files 57Ch1Understanding CommandsIn Command Prompt window:No iconsTo use command must know its file name 58Ch1Understanding CommandsDIR command:“Table of Contents”of a disk-can be accessed from the command lineEquivalent of Explorer in Windows59Ch1ActivityUsing the DIR CommandKEY CONCEPTS
26、:Scrolling DIR command60Ch1Software VersionsNew software versions:Take advantage of new technologyContain enhancementsAssigned version numbers61Ch1ActivityUsing the VER CommandKEY CONCEPTS:Determining version number62Ch1The CLS CommandThe CLS command:Clears screenReturns cursor to home positionErase
27、s screen display-not files63Ch1ActivityUsing the CLS CommandKEY CONCEPT:Clearing screen64Ch1The DATE and TIME CommandsDATE and TIME automatically set when computer is booted.System date/time are the date/time the computer uses when it creates or updates files.65Ch1The DATE and TIME CommandsTo change
28、 system date/time:Use internal DATE/TIME commands at command lineClick time display at far right of task bar66Ch1ActivityUsing DATE/TIME Commands at Command LineKEY CONCEPTS:Changing/keeping date displayedChanging/keeping time displayedImportance of format/T parameter with DATE and TIMEImportance of
29、 returning date and time to current date and time before you shut down if logged onto a DOMAIN.67Ch1ActivityChanging Date&Time Using TaskbarKEY CONCEPTS:Use taskbar to change date&time Spin box Drop-down list box68Ch1Media Objects:Their Properties and ValuesObjects:Can be opened Have properties/may
30、have values Can be manipulated Can have settings/parameters69Ch1Media Objects:Their Properties and ValuesProperty:Characteristics of on object Details about file that help identify it70Ch1Media Objects:Their Properties and ValuesValue:All objects of same type have same propertiesValue of each proper
31、ty separates one object from another 71Ch1Media Objects:Their Properties and ValuesExample:Humans(objects)Have names(property)Specific name(value)72Ch1ActivityExamining Disk Properties&ValuesKEY CONCEPTS:Left/right view of My Computer windowIdentify type of drive by its iconProperties of ACTIVITIES
32、disk73Ch1ActivityExamining Disk Properties&ValuesFig 1.1 My Computer in a Classic Window Display p.12874Ch1Ethical Considerations in Copying DisksIllegal to:Copy a program/disk you did not purchaseRecord a CD you did not purchase75Ch1Ethical Considerations in Copying DisksIt is legal to make a backu
33、p copy of purchased program disks for personal use in case something happens to original.76Ch1Making a Copy of the ACTIVITIES Disk:DISKCOPYTo make an exact copy of a disk you must use the same media(type and capacity).77Ch1Making a Copy of the ACTIVITIES Disk:DISKCOPYDISKCOPY:External program Makes
34、back up copy of floppy diskStored in WINDOWSSYSTEM32 subdirectory as DISKCOPY.COM78Ch1ActivityUsing DISKCOPYFig 1.5 Floppy Disk Label Placement p.3179Ch1ActivityUsing DISKCOPYKEY CONCEPTS:Must use like media when copying diskDISKCOPY commandSource diskTarget disk80Ch1How to End the Work SessionMust always exit Windows properly and completely to avoid damaging the system.If stop in middle of an activity remember what prompt is so you can return to prompt when you begin again.81Ch1ActivityEnding the Work SessionKEY CONCEPT:Shut-down procedure82Ch1