动词的分类(精品).ppt

《动词的分类(精品).ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《动词的分类(精品).ppt（58页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。

1、动词动词谓语动词谓语动词时态、语态时态、语态虚拟语气虚拟语气非谓语动非谓语动词词不定式不定式动名词动名词分词分词现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词动词的分类动词的分类 语态语态时态时态主动主动被动被动一般现在时一般现在时v./v.sam/is/are+Vp.p一般过去时一般过去时vedwas/were+Vp.p一般将来时一般将来时will+v.willbe+Vp.p过去将来时过去将来时would+v.wouldbe+Vp.p过去完成时过去完成时had+Vp.phadbeen+Vp.p现在完成时现在完成时have/has+Vp.phave/hasbeen+Vp.p将来完成时将来完成时willhav

2、e+Vp.pwillhavebeen+Vp.p现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are+Vingam/is/are+being+Vp.p过去进行时过去进行时was/were+Vingwas/were+being+Vp.p时态和语态的主要考点时态和语态的主要考点1 1、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。常考、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。常考的时态为：的时态为：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进进 行、过去进行、现在完成、过去完成、现在完成行、过去进行、现在完成、过去完成、现在完成进行、过去将来等。进行、过去将来等。2 2、时间、条件、让步等、时间、条件

3、、让步等状语从句中动词的时态状语从句中动词的时态；主从句时态主从句时态呼应问题。呼应问题。3 3、几种时态的替代问题几种时态的替代问题.近三年动词的时态在高考近三年动词的时态在高考中的考点中的考点考点考点年号年号一一般般体体进进行行体体将将来来体体完完成成体体完完成成进进行行体体20042004 2424 26262005200529292929200620062323最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般现在一般现在every,sometimes,at,onSunday现在进行现在进行now,现在完成现在完成for,since,sofar,ever,never,

4、just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastyears,always,recently一般过去一般过去yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow过去进行过去进行thismorning,thewholemorning,allday,yesterday,fromninetotenlasteveningwhen,while过去完成过去完成before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas一般将来一般将来next,tomorrow,in过去将来过去将来多用在间接引语中表示发生

5、在谓语动作以后多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作的动作1 1 一般现在时的用法一般现在时的用法1 1）经常性或习惯性的动作经常性或习惯性的动作1.I _ ping-pong quite well,but I havent had time to play since the new year.A.will play B.have played C.played D.play2.-_my glasses?-Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A.Do you see B.Had you seen C.would you see D.Have

6、you seen 3.We will see to it that every child in the nation _ good education,especially those in the poor countryside.A.get B.will get C.gets D.would get1 1 一般现在时的用法一般现在时的用法2 2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实或表示格言或警句。客观真理，客观存在，科学事实或表示格言或警句。Knowledge begins with practice.She said that the sea water is salty.In some p

7、arts of the world,such as in England,tea _ with milk and sugar.A.is serving B.serves C.is served D.served-The girl _ weight recently.-Yes,she _ too much.A.has gained,is eating B.gains,eats C.is gaining,ate D.is gaining,eats1 1 一般现在时的用法一般现在时的用法 3 3）按火车、汽车、飞机等时刻表将要发生的事。此时句按火车、汽车、飞机等时刻表将要发生的事。此时句中有时有将来

8、的时间状语，但不用将来时。此时主主语中有时有将来的时间状语，但不用将来时。此时主主语是物：车，船，飞机等是物：车，船，飞机等 The train leaves at three this afternoon.4 4）在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。时代替一般将来时。If it is fine tomorrow,we will go to the countryside.-Put these glasses away before they _.-OK.Ill put them in the cupboard.A.ha

9、ve broken B.are breaking C.get broken D.will be broken Ive brought my tennis things along in case we _ time for a game tomorrow.A.shall have B.have C.will have D.are going to have-Can I drive on the free way,Mr Green?-You can when you _ a bit more skilled.A.will get B.are getting C.will have got D.g

10、et 2 2 一般过去时的用法一般过去时的用法 1 1）表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态。）表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态。1.-Look!Someone has spilt（溢出）（溢出）coffee on the carpet.（地毯）（地毯）-Well,it _ me.A.isnt B.wasnt C.hasnt been D.hadnt been2.-Ive bought a box of chocolates for our daughter.-Oh,how good a dad!But she doesnt like sweet things._ that?A

11、.Dont you know B.Havent you known C.Didnt you know D.Hadnt you known3.-Was Mary in the office when you arrived there?-Yes,but she _soon afterwards.A.had left B.left C.would leave D.will leave2 2 一般过去时的用法一般过去时的用法 2 2）注意：一般过去时与过去进行时的区别注意：一般过去时与过去进行时的区别：一般过去时表示一个完成的动作，而过去进行一般过去时表示一个完成的动作，而过去进行时则表示一个没有完

12、成且正在进行的动作。时则表示一个没有完成且正在进行的动作。I wrote a letter this morning.今天上午我今天上午我写写了了一封信。（信已写完）一封信。（信已写完）I was writing a letter this morning.今天上今天上午我午我在写在写一封信。（正在写，不一定写完）一封信。（正在写，不一定写完）1.-Has Tommy finished his job yet?-I have no idea of it;he _ it this morning.A.was doing B.had been doing C.has done D.did2.As

13、she _ the newspaper,Granny _asleep.A.read,was falling B.was reading,fell C.was reading,was falling D.read,fell3.All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor,her nervousness_.A.has grown B.is growing C.grew D.had grown4.-Im sorry,I shouldnt have been so rude to you.-You _ your tem

14、per but thats OK.A.have lost B.had lost C.did lose D.were losing.3.一般将来时1.1.一般将来时表示计划、打算、企图做某事或来注一般将来时表示计划、打算、企图做某事或来注定要发生的事情。定要发生的事情。2.2.表示将来时的四种形式表示将来时的四种形式will/shall+will/shall+动词原形动词原形be going to do be going to do be about to do(be about to do(正要干什么正要干什么)be to do be to do be going to be going to

15、 有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而willwill表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。-The telephone is ringing.-The telephone is ringing.-I _ answer it.-I _ answer it.A.will B.am going to C.am to D.am about toA.will B.am going to C.am to D.am about to -Alice,why didn -Alice,why didnt you come yester

16、day?t you come yesterday?-I _,but I had an unexpected visitor.-I _,but I had an unexpected visitor.A.had B.would C.was going to D.did A.had B.would C.was going to D.did be going to be going to 可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而will will 不能表示不能表示 Look at the clouds!ItLook at the clouds!Its going to rai

17、n.s going to rain.3.be to3.be to和和be going to be going to 表示约定、计划或职责、义务要求即将发表示约定、计划或职责、义务要求即将发生的动作。生的动作。be to do be to do 安排将要干什么，有很强的计划性，安排将要干什么，有很强的计划性，有时有时=be going to=be going tobe to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事.be going to be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。表示主观的打算或计划。I am to play football tomorro

18、w afternoon.I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.4 4be about to do be about to do 表示表示“正要干什么正要干什么”，表示即将发生的动作，表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时间状语连用不与表示将来的时间状语连用。常与常与when when 连用，连用，when when 此时意思：此时意思：就在这时，是并列连就在这时，是并列连词词

19、 构成句型：构成句型：be about to do be about to do whenwhen.I I was about to was about to leave leave when when it rained.it rained.特别注意特别注意（1 1）一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、飞机一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、飞机等时刻表中安排好的。等时刻表中安排好的。The plane leaves tomorrow.(The plane leaves tomorrow.(尽管有尽管有tomorrow,tomorrow,但没有但没有will will,be going to

20、),be going to)（2 2）某些瞬间动词某些瞬间动词“go,come,arrive,leave,start,go,come,arrive,leave,start,begin,fly,take begin,fly,take”等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。作。I Ive won a holiday for two to ve won a holiday for two to FloriaFloria.I _my mum.I _my mum.A.am taking B.have taken C.take D.will have been A.am taki

21、ng B.have taken C.take D.will have been 4.现在进行时 1 1表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。2 2表示现阶段一直在进行的动作表示现阶段一直在进行的动作 ，但说话时不一定正，但说话时不一定正在进行。在进行。I donI dont really work here.It really work here.Im helping until the m helping until the new secretary comes.new secretary comes.Selecting a mobile ph

22、one for personal use is no Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_ so rapidly.easy task because technology_ so rapidly.A.will have changed B.has changed A.will have changed B.has changed C.is changing D.will change C.is changing D.will change-Ann works very hard

23、.-Ann works very hard.-In fact.I think she _ just now.-In fact.I think she _ just now.A.studied B.is studying C.studies D.will stud A.studied B.is studying C.studies D.will stud Please call again.Jim _ a bath just Please call again.Jim _ a bath just now.now.A.has had B.was having C.is having D.A.has

24、 had B.was having C.is having D.has has My money _.I must go to the bank to My money _.I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out of before Idraw some of my savings out of before Ive ve none in hand.none in hand.A.has run out B.is running out C.has been A.has run out B.is running out C.has

25、 been run out D.is being run out run out D.is being run out I can guess you were in a hurry.You _ I can guess you were in a hurry.You _ your sweater inside out.your sweater inside out.A.had worn B.wore C.are wearing D.A.had worn B.wore C.are wearing D.were wearingwere wearing特殊用性：特殊用性：现在进行时可以表示一般将来时

26、，常用于下列动词：现在进行时可以表示一般将来时，常用于下列动词：go go,come,leave,begin,arrive,return,fly,drive,come,leave,begin,arrive,return,fly,drive，taketake等。等。WeWere moving re moving to the new building to the new building next week.next week.现在进行时与现在进行时与always,continually,constantly,never always,continually,constantly,never

27、等连用，等连用，表示表示厌恶或赞扬的感情色彩厌恶或赞扬的感情色彩。You You are always forgettingare always forgetting the important things.the important things.1.You _things about.Look,what a mess in 1.You _things about.Look,what a mess in you room!you room!A.always throw B.have always thrown A.always throw B.have always thrown C.ar

28、e always throwing D.have always been C.are always throwing D.have always been thrownthrown2.You _ television.Why not do something 2.You _ television.Why not do something more active?more active?A.always watch B.are always watching A.always watch B.are always watching C.have always watched D.have alw

29、ays been C.have always watched D.have always been watchingwatching3 3有些词不用于进行时态：表示有些词不用于进行时态：表示“存在、所存在、所有、知觉、认应付，感情有、知觉、认应付，感情”等状态等状态存在存在：keep,stay,remain,be,consist of,keep,stay,remain,be,consist of,containcontain所有所有：have,belong to,possess,own,hold have,belong to,possess,own,hold 知觉知觉：sound(sound(

30、听起来听起来)，look/seem/appear(look/seem/appear(看看起来起来)，(看起来看起来),),smellsmell（闻起来）（闻起来）,taste,taste（尝起来）（尝起来）,feel(,feel(摸起来摸起来)，see,hear,see,hear,认识认识：understand,know,suppose,remember,understand,know,suppose,remember,admit,forget,believe,thinkadmit,forget,believe,think情感情感：like,love,hate,prefer,like,love

31、,hate,prefer,5.过去进行时 1 1表示表示 过去某一时间正进行的动作过去某一时间正进行的动作 。通常有时间。通常有时间状语（从句），或由上下文表示。状语（从句），或由上下文表示。1.-Hey,look where you are going?1.-Hey,look where you are going?-Oh,I -Oh,Im terribly sorry._.m terribly sorry._.A.I A.Im not noticing B.I donm not noticing B.I dont noticingt noticing C.I haven C.I haven

32、t noticing D.I was t noticing D.I was n nt t noticing noticing 2.-Hey,what did I say?2.-Hey,what did I say?-I _.-I _.A.I A.Im not listening B.I was not listening C.I m not listening B.I was not listening C.I dondont listened D.I didnt listened D.I didnt listent listen2 2 表示表示 过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作，但这个动作可以完

33、，过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作，但这个动作可以完，也可以不一定完成。也可以不一定完成。-Why didn-Why didnt you join us last night?t you join us last night?-I _ the live programs on the war between Iraq and the -I _ the live programs on the war between Iraq and the States.States.A.watched B.was watching C.had watched D.have been A.watched B.wa

34、s watching C.had watched D.have been watchingwatching-Why weren-Why werent you at the meeting?t you at the meeting?-I _ for a long -I _ for a long distance call from my father in Australia.distance call from my father in Australia.A.waited B.was waiting C.had waited D.have been A.waited B.was waitin

35、g C.had waited D.have been Good heavens!There you are!We _ anxious about you.We Good heavens!There you are!We _ anxious about you.We _ you back much earlier all through the night._ you back much earlier all through the night.A.are,expect B.were,had expected A.are,expect B.were,had expected C.will be

36、,are expecting D.have been,were expectingC.will be,are expecting D.have been,were expecting-You look tired.-You look tired.-Yes.I non stop _ until twelve o -Yes.I non stop _ until twelve oclock.clock.A.am working B.was working C.has worked D.had worked A.am working B.was working C.has worked D.had w

37、orked3 3 在简单句中有在简单句中有at that time,then,this at that time,then,this time yesterday/last week,at 10 otime yesterday/last week,at 10 oclock clock last nightlast night 等具体的时间状语用过去进等具体的时间状语用过去进行时态。行时态。I first met Lisa three years ago.She _ at I first met Lisa three years ago.She _ at a radio shop at the

38、time.a radio shop at the time.A.A.has worked B.was working has worked B.was working C.had been working D.had workedC.had been working D.had worked特别注意：特别注意：与与alwaysalways连用，表示感情色彩。连用，表示感情色彩。My brother was always losing his key.My brother was always losing his key.1.Look!How wonderful my car is!Oh,Ja

39、ck.What are youthinkingabout?Dontyoulikeit?ImsorryI_anyremarkaboutitintime.Icertainlythinkitssmart.A.wasntmakingB.dontmakeC.wontmakeD.didntmake2.TofindthestreetwhereIlivedinmychildhoodisnoeasytaskbecausethecity_sorapidlyalltheseyears.A.ischangingB.haschangedC.willhavechangedD.willchange3.He_quitewel

40、l,buthehasnthadtimetoswimsincethissummer.A.willswimB.haveswumC.swamD.swims4.Jimmysaidthathewouldcometopickmeup,buthe_bynow.A.hasntturnedupB.doesntturnupC.wontturnupD.hadntturnedup5.Imterriblysorryforbeinglate,butI_thewrongbus.A.catchB.hadcaughtC.caughtD.catching7.Thetruth,sir,isthattheoldman_acrosst

41、heroadwhenmycarhithim.A.wastowalkB.hadbeenwalkingC.walkedD.waswalking8.IreallydontthinkRosewillbeupset,butIwillgoandseeherincaseshe_.A.isB.doesC.willbeD.hasbeen9.Thecomputersmadebyourcompanysellbest,butseveralyearsagonoonecouldhaveimaginedtheroleinthemarketsthatthey_.A.wereplayingB.weretoplayC.hadpl

42、ayedD.played10.Kateisinhospital.Oh,really?I_._visither.A.didntknow;IllgoandB.dontknow;IllgoandC.dontknow;ImgoingtoD.didntknow;Imgoingto11.Where_theguidebook?Icantseeitanywhere.I_itrighthere,butnowitsgone.A.didyouput;haveputB.hadyouput;haveputC.haveyouput;putD.wereyouputting;put14.Doyouliveinthiscity

43、?No,we_itforholidays.A.justvisitB.justvisitedC.arejustvisitingD.havevisited15.Howistheoldmannow?Sorry,he_thoughtheydidalltheycouldtosavehim.A.wasdeadB.haddiedC.hasbeendeadD.died16.Thelakewillbefurtherpollutedunlesssomemeasures_.A.willbetakenB.aretakenC.weretakenD.hadbeentaken17.Imafraiditwillbetwomo

44、nths_.A.whenIcomebackB.whenIllcomebackC.beforeIcomebackD.beforeIllcomeback18.The workers _ busily when the boss came to look forsomethinghe_intheoffice.A.hadworked,hadleftB.wereworking;hadleftC.working;hadleftD.hadworked;left19.Thenotice_“Nosmoking”.A.istoldB.readsC.tellsD.isread6.现在完成时1 1表示过去发生的某一动

45、作对现在造成的影表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，响或结果，有时没有时间状语，有时有时间有时没有时间状语，有时有时间状语。状语。They have cleaned the They have cleaned the classroom.(Theyclassroom.(They cleaned cleaned the classroom and the classroom is clean now.)the classroom and the classroom is clean now.)2 2 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在而且可能表示过去已经开始，持续到现在而且可能继续下去的动作

46、状态。继续下去的动作状态。He hasnHe hasnt given me any more trouble since then.t given me any more trouble since then.-When did he go to America?-When did he go to America?-Oh,he _ there since half a year ago.-Oh,he _ there since half a year ago.A.went B.has been C.has gone D.was A.went B.has been C.has gone D.w

47、asShelly _ California for Texas and _ there ever since.You Shelly _ California for Texas and _ there ever since.You can go and pay her a visit on your way to Mexico.can go and pay her a visit on your way to Mexico.A.left,worked B.has left,had worked C.left,has worked D.A.left,worked B.has left,had w

48、orked C.left,has worked D.has left,workedhas left,workedCollecting stamps as a hobby _ increasingly popular during the Collecting stamps as a hobby _ increasingly popular during the past fifty years.past fifty years.A.becomes B.became C.has become D.had becomeA.becomes B.became C.has become D.had be

49、come-How are you today?-How are you today?-Oh,I _ as ill as I do now for a very long time.-Oh,I _ as ill as I do now for a very long time.A.didn A.didnt feel B.wasnt feel B.wasnt feeling C.dont feeling C.dont feel D.t feel D.havenhavent feltt felt RoberRober _ me his address the other day,but I _ me

50、 his address the other day,but Im afraid I _ m afraid I _ it.it.A.had given,lost B.has given,have lost C.gave,have lost D.A.had given,lost B.has given,have lost C.gave,have lost D.gives,lost gives,lost 7.过去完成时 1 1表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作，即的动作，即“过去的过去过去的过去”。请记住：请记住：by the end of+by t