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1、定语从句定语从句 应注意的几个方面应注意的几个方面一、定语从句中宜用一、定语从句中宜用thatthat，不宜不宜 用用whichwhich的情况的情况在定语从句中，在定语从句中，whichwhich和和thatthat在指代事在指代事物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样。在任何情况下都是这样。、被修饰的先行词为不定代词时，宜用、被修饰的先行词为不定代词时，宜用thatthat。We should do all that is useful to the people.Theres nothing that can be said about it.D
2、o you mean that one that was bought yesterday?、先行词被先行词被only,any,few,little,no,all,one only,any,few,little,no,all,one of,just,veryof,just,very等词修饰时，宜用等词修饰时，宜用thatthat。The only thing that we could do was to wait.You can take any seat that is free.Thats the very word that is wrongly used.This is one of
3、 the presents that my boy friend gave me on my birthday.、先行词时序数词或被序数词修饰时，宜、先行词时序数词或被序数词修饰时，宜 用用thatthat。When we talk about Wuxi,the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.、先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时，宜用先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时，宜用thatthat。The most importa
4、nt thing that should be done now is how to stop him from going on.、先行词既有人又有物，用、先行词既有人又有物，用which和和who都不合适，这都不合适，这时宜用时宜用that。The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known.The bike and its rider that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.、被修饰词为数词时。被修饰词为数词时
5、。Yesterday I caught two fish and them in a basin of water.Now you can see the two that are still alive.、如有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用、如有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用 which，另另一个关系代词则宜用一个关系代词则宜用that，以避免语言的单调或重复。以避免语言的单调或重复。Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.、主句是主句是There be结构，修饰其主语的定
6、语从句宜用结构，修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词。作关系代词。Theres still a seat in the corner that is still free.、被修饰成分为表语，或者关系代词本身是定语从句被修饰成分为表语，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。Thats a good book that will help you a lot.二、定语从句中宜用二、定语从句中宜用which而不宜用而不宜用that的情况的情况、当关系代词前面有介词时。、当关系代词前面有介词时。A zoo is a park in which ma
7、ny kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.Is this the room in which Mr.White lives?、在非限制性定语从句中。在非限制性定语从句中。Crusoes dog,which was now very old,became ill and died.、在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个从句的、在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个从句的关系代词用了关系代词用了that，另一个宜用另一个宜用which。Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library w
8、hich was newly open to us.、当关系代词后面带有插入语时。当关系代词后面带有插入语时。Here is the English grammar which,as I have told you,will help improve your English.三、定语从句中宜用三、定语从句中宜用who而不宜用而不宜用that的情况的情况、先行词为、先行词为one,ones,anyone或或those时。时。The person I want to learn from is one who studies hard and works well.Anyone who fail
9、ed to come to the meeting yesterday must give his reason.Those who are not fit for their work should leave office at once.、在、在There be结构中，修饰主语的定语从句宜用关系代结构中，修饰主语的定语从句宜用关系代词词who指代人。指代人。Theres a gentleman who wants to see you.There are several students in our class who are still not sure about the use
10、of attributive clause.、当先行词有较长的后置定语时。、当先行词有较长的后置定语时。I met a foreigner in the park yesterday afternoon who could speak Chinese well.、一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是的关系代词是that，另一个则宜用另一个则宜用who以避免重复。以避免重复。The student that was praised at yesterdays meeting is the monitor who is very mo
11、dest and works very hard.四、四、that可用作关系副词代替可用作关系副词代替when。、that有时可用来代替有时可用来代替when，引导一个定语从句，修引导一个定语从句，修饰表示时间的名词如饰表示时间的名词如day,time,moment等。等。I arrived here the day(when/that)he left.October 1,1949 was the day when/that the Peoples Republic of China was founded.He worked hard the whole time(when/that)he
12、lived here.He hurried into the airport the moment (when/that)the plane was about to take off.五、关系代词五、关系代词asas和和whichwhichas和和which所代表的都是整个句子所表示的内容。有所代表的都是整个句子所表示的内容。有两点不同之处：两点不同之处：、在形式上as引导的非限制定语从句可位于主句后面，也可位于主句之前；而which引导的非限制定语从句只能位于主句之后，不能位于主句的前面。、在意义上，as定语从句和主句的关系一般为一致关系，常译为“正.”，“就象.”，而which定语从句和主句的关系是因果关系，或which从句是对主句的评论。因此，在意思通顺的情况下，which可代替as，而as许多时候不能代替which。He was late again,as/which we had expected.=As we had expected,he was late again.