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1、非谓语动词分词1.使用原则:当两个动词之间没有连词时，需要将其中一个谓语动词变为非谓语动词。注意:连词可以分为 (1)并列连词(and,but,or)(2)从属连词(because,when,before,if等)(3)关系连词(定从，名从连接词)判断下面句子的正误 I sat there felt frustrated.()x根据提示改错1.加上并列连词 She sat there but felt frustrated.2.加上从属连词 She sat there because she felt frustrated.3.加上关系连词 She Sat there,who felt fru
2、strated.4.变为非谓语动词 She sat there,feeling very frustrated.现在分词形式过过去分去分词词形式形式:done否定形式否定形式:在非在非谓语动词谓语动词前前加加not注意：注意：完成式不能用来作定语。完成式不能用来作定语。分词意义doing:与所修与所修饰词饰词构成构成主主动动关系关系/时态时态上上表示表示正在正在进进行行，表示状表示状态态beingdone:与所修与所修饰词饰词构成构成被被动动关系关系/时态时态上上表示表示正在正在进进行行havingdone:与所修与所修饰词饰词构成构成主主动动关系关系/时态时态上表示上表示发发生生在在谓语谓语
3、动词动词之前且已之前且已经经完成完成；分词意义havingbeendone:与所修与所修饰词饰词构成构成被被动动关系关系/时时态态上表示上表示发发生生在在谓语谓语动词动词之前且已之前且已经经完成完成havingbeendoing:与所修与所修饰词饰词构成构成主主动动关系关系/时时态态上表示上表示发发生生在在谓语谓语动词动词之前且未完之前且未完；done:与所修与所修饰词饰词构成构成被被动动关系关系/时态时态上表示上表示过过去或者状去或者状态态；动脑筋！完成资料上面动脑筋！完成资料上面的活动：的活动：读下面句子，读下面句子，划出划出分词作定语的部分，并分词作定语的部分，并总结总结出分词作定语时它
4、出分词作定语时它在句子中的位置在句子中的位置及及现在分词与过去分析的现在分词与过去分析的区别用法区别用法。一、现在分词作定语：一、现在分词作定语：an amusing story the laughing audience swimming poor reading room writing paper washing machine the rising sun surprising news the coming school year好笑的故事好笑的故事正在发笑的观众正在发笑的观众 游泳池游泳池阅览室阅览室书写纸书写纸洗衣机洗衣机正在升起的太阳正在升起的太阳令人惊讶的消息令人惊讶的消息下
5、一学年下一学年1.过去分词知多少1.惊恐的人们惊恐的人们2.预留的座位预留的座位3.被污染的水被污染的水4.拥挤的教室拥挤的教室5.打碎的花瓶打碎的花瓶6.关了的门关了的门7.疲惫的观众疲惫的观众1.terrified/astonished people2.reserved seats3.polluted water4.a crowded room5.a broken vase6.a closed door7.the tired audienceThe boy standing under the tree 站在树下的男孩站在树下的男孩 The girl eating an apple 吃苹果
6、的女孩吃苹果的女孩 This is one of the schools built in 1980s.这是一所建于二十世纪八十年代的学校。这是一所建于二十世纪八十年代的学校。A letter written in pencil.一封用钢笔写的信。一封用钢笔写的信。总结分词作定语的用法：定语：用来修饰名词或者代词；被被修修饰饰的的词就是这个分词的词就是这个分词的逻辑主逻辑主语。语。1.单个分词作定语时，常放在被修饰词的前面;分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。所以，定语又分为前置定语和后置定语。2.过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：过去分词表示动作的被动或完成；现在分词表示动作的主动或进行
7、。the changing worldthe changed world（正在变化的）（正在变化的）（变化了的）（变化了的）boiling waterboiled water（正在沸腾的）正在沸腾的）（已经沸腾过的开水）（已经沸腾过的开水）a developing countrya developed country(发展中的发展中的)（发达的）（发达的）翻译下面句子：翻译下面句子：fallingfalling leaves leavesfallen leaves正在飘落的树叶正在飘落的树叶落叶落叶退休工人退休工人退休工人退休工人a a retired retired workerworker
8、逃犯逃犯an an escapedescaped prisoner prisoner被盗的汽车被盗的汽车a a stolenstolen car carTranslate the following Translate the following phrases:phrases:(4)语法功能语法功能 现现现现在在在在分分分分词词词词或或或或过过过过去去去去分分分分词词词词短短短短语语语语作作作作定定定定语语语语时时时时，其其其其功功功功能能能能相相相相当当当当于于于于一一一一个定语从句。个定语从句。个定语从句。个定语从句。1.The stolen bike belongs to Jack.T
9、he bike which was stolen belongs to Jack.2.The lecture given by Professor Zhang is about environment protection.The lecture which was given by Professor Zhang is about the environment protection.3.China is a developing countryChina is a country which is developing.中国是个发展中国家。中国是个发展中国家。4.Students wish
10、ing to go hiking shouldsign their names here.Students who wish to go hiking should sign their names here.要要去去徒步旅游的学生在这里签徒步旅游的学生在这里签句。句。I saw a sleeping girl in the waiting room.I saw a girl who was sleeping in the waiting room.在候车室我看见一个熟睡的女孩。在候车室我看见一个熟睡的女孩。The man talking with our headmaster is Toms
11、 father.The man who is talking with our headmaster is Toms father.正和校长谈话的那个人是汤姆的父亲。正和校长谈话的那个人是汤姆的父亲。1.The children who are playing the violin will give a performance next week.The children the violin will give a performance next week.2.I saw a man frightened by a snake.I saw a man by a snake.3.He sa
12、w a dog that was carrying a piece of meat entering your garden.He saw a dog a piece of meat entering your garden.4.There are many new English words added to the new edition of the dictionary.There are many new English words to the new edition of the dictionary.playingwho was frightenedcarryingthat a
13、re added完成下列句子：完成下列句子：5现在分词的意义现在分词的意义1)现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。如：的动作。如：The professor giving a speech aboutpollution now is from Harvard University.正在做关于污染报告的教授来自哈佛大学。正在做关于污染报告的教授来自哈佛大学。Students wishing to go hiking should sign their names here.=Students who wish to go hiking shou
14、ld sign their names here.要去徒步旅游的学生在这里签句。要去徒步旅游的学生在这里签句。=The professor who is giving a speech aboutpollution now is from Harvard University.2)现在分词的被动语态现在分词的被动语态(being+过去分词过去分词)表示一表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。如：个被动的、正在进行的动作。如：The freeway being built now will lead to Xingang Seaport.正在建设的高速公路将直通新港码头。正在建设的高速公路将直通新港码
15、头。=The freeway which is being built now will lead to Xingang Seaport.3)现在分词的完成式现在分词的完成式“having+过去分词过去分词”不不能作定语，此时可以用一个定语从句代替。能作定语，此时可以用一个定语从句代替。如：如：你了解昨天发生的事故吗你了解昨天发生的事故吗?误：误：Do you know anything about the accident having happened yesterday?正：正：Do you know anything about the accident that happened y
16、esterday?赢得冠军的中国女子排球队于昨晚到达首赢得冠军的中国女子排球队于昨晚到达首都机场。都机场。误：误：The Chinese Women Volleyball Team having won the championship arrived at the Capital Airport last night.正：正：The Chinese Women Volleyball Team that had won the championship arrived at the Capital Airport last night.1.The _ boy was last seen _ n
17、ear the East Lake.(2000Shanghai)A.missing,playing B.missing,play C.missing,played D.missed,to play2.Do you know the boy_ under the big tree.A.lay B.lain C.laying D.lying3.Seeing the sun_ above the surface of the sea,we let out a shout of joy.A.to rise B.to raise C.rising D.raising4._ the last bus me
18、ans walking home.A.Miss B.missed C.Missing D.If missingADCC1.Will you attend the meeting _ on Saturday?A.held B.being heldC.to be held D.hold2.The woman _a lesson is our teacher.A.giving B.givenC.to give D.give区别区别还没发生的动作还没发生的动作正在发生的动作，表主动正在发生的动作，表主动A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobe
19、firstplayingA解析解析 过去分词做定语：过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成表被动，表完成。现在分词作定语：现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行表主动，表进行。不定式作定语：表示不定式作定语：表示将要发生将要发生的动作。的动作。TheOlympicGames,_in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.CA2.Iborrowedabook_byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.writtenB.writingC.waswrittenD.towrite1.Didyouattendthe
20、meeting_yesterday?A.tobeheldB.havingbeenheldC.heldD.beingheld1.Doyouknowtheboy_(lie)underthebigtree?2.“Cantyouread?”Marysaidangrily_(point)tothenotice.3Thewoman_(sell)vegetableshasgone.4.Thewheatiswateredbywater_(bring)fromapond.5.Heisaleader_(respect)bythepeople.lyingpointingsellingbroughtrespected
21、一、分析句子结构一、分析句子结构1._many times,but he still couldnt understand it.2._many times,he still couldnt understand it.A.Having been told B.Told C.He was told D.Though he had been toldCA&D3._to the left,youll find the post office.4.If you _to the left,youll find the post office.5._to the left,and youll find
22、the post office.A.Turning B.To turn C.Turn D.TurnedACC二、分析逻辑主语二、分析逻辑主语1._no buses,we have to walk home.2._Sunday，I shall have a quiet day at home.A.There being B.It were C.There were D.It being CD三、分析语态三、分析语态1._from space,the earth looks blue.2._from space,we can see the earth is blue.A.Seen B.Seein
23、g C.To see D.SeeAB3.The dirty clothes _,the girl hung them up outside.4._ the dirty clothes,the girl hung them up outside.A.was washed B.washed C.were washed D.having washedBD四、分析时态四、分析时态1.The building _now will be a restaurant.2.The building _next year will be a restaurant.3.The building _last year
24、 is a restaurant.A.having been built B.to be built 1.C.being built D.built CBD4.He stood there _ for his mother.5._for two hours,he went away.A.waiting B.to wait C.waited D.Having waited6.What is the reason for _there?A.not your going B.not your go C.your not going D.you not to go ADC1._wont be of m
25、uch help.A.Toms going B.Tom going C.Tom to go D.Tom goes2._a teacher,I should set a good example to students.A.Being B.Having been C.To being D.As I being3._a teacher,one must first be their pupil.A.Being B.Having been C.To be D.To have been4.They suggested _ the sports meet till next Tuesday.A.us t
26、o put off B.our putting off C.us of putting off D.we put off5.As the stone was too heavy to move,I left it _ on the ground.A.laying B.lay C.lying D.lain.6.Tigers _ meat-eating animals,_meat.A.belonged to;fed on B.belonging to;feed on C.were belonged to;feed on D.belonging to;feeding onChange the fol
27、lowing complex sentences into simple ones.Do you know the young man who is waiting outside the school gate?=Do you know the young man waiting outside the school gate?There seems to be something wrong with the cat that is lying at the corner of the street.=There seems to be something wrong with the c
28、at lying at the corner of the street.Can you show me any word which begins with the letter“x”?=Can you show me any word beginning with the letter“x”?Shanghai is a city which is changing rapidly.=Shanghai is city changing rapidly.The teacher stood among the children who laughed.=The teacher stood amo
29、ng the laughing children.The man who was wearing a blue shirt and blue jeans was caught shortly after he had left the bank.=The man wearing a blue shirt and blue jeans was caught shortly after he had left the bank.二、现在分词作宾语补足语二、现在分词作宾语补足语1感官动词感官动词see,watch,hear,feel,notice 等等后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示该动作正后接现在分
30、词作宾语补足语，表示该动作正在进行。如：在进行。如：I saw him running down the street.我看见他沿着街跑。我看见他沿着街跑。I felt an ant climbing over my leg.我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。Suddenly I noticed her standing outside.突然我注意到她正站在外边。突然我注意到她正站在外边。2 2The-ing formThe-ing form 分为分为动名词动名词和和现在分词现在分词两种，两种，作定语时意义不一样作定语时意义不一样.a sleeping boya sl
31、eeping bag一个正在睡觉的男孩一个正在睡觉的男孩一个睡袋一个睡袋=a boy which is sleeping=a bag for sleeping此时，此时，-ing表示被修饰词表示被修饰词boy 发出的动作发出的动作，说明其特征、特点。说明其特征、特点。此时，此时，-ing 表示被修饰词表示被修饰词 bag 的的用途用途。动名词动名词现在分词现在分词a walking mana walking stick=a man who is walking=a stick for walking正在走路的人正在走路的人供走路用的拐杖供走路用的拐杖动名词动名词现在分词现在分词注意：注意：动名词只能单独使用作前置定语，动名词只能单独使用作前置定语，不能后置不能后置