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1、1ModuleModule 6 6 EatingEating togethertogether词句精讲精练词句精讲精练词汇精讲词汇精讲 1 1inviteinviteinvite 是及物动词，意为“邀请” ，常用于下列结构：（1）invite sb. 邀请某人 例如：Do you invite the friends in Beijing? 你邀请北京的朋友了吗？（2）invite sb. to some place 邀请某人去某地 例如：Why dont you invite them to our school? 为什么不邀请他们来我们学校？（3）invite sb. to dinner
2、邀请某人吃饭 例如：Li Lin often invites me to dinner. 李林经常邀请我吃饭。（4）invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 例如：We invited our parents to come to our party. 我们邀请我们的父母来参加聚会。2.2. meanmeanmean 是动词，有如下用法：(1) 表示“意思是，指的是” ，后接名词、动词不定式或句子。例如：The red light means “stop”. 红灯意思是“停止” 。Do you mean that I am too heavy? 你的意思是我太胖了？(2)表示
3、“打算，意欲” ，后面常接不定式。例如：He means to do it well. 他打算把这件事做好。(3) 表示“意味着” ，后面常接动名词作宾语。例如：Missing the train means waiting for another one hour. 赶不上这列火车意味着再等一小时。(4) What doesmean? = Whats the meaning of? = What do you mean by?意为“是什么意思？”3.3. serveserve serve 有“服侍，侍候，招待”等意思，常用于以下结构中：(1) serve宾语 例如：They were bus
4、y serving the days last buyers. 他们正忙着接待这天的最后一批顾客。 (2) serve sb. sth.或 serve sth. to sb. 例如： Mrs. Turner served us a very good dinner.Mrs. Turner served a very good dinner to us. 特纳太太招待我们吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。 (3) serve sb. with sth. 例如： We served them with beer and wine. 我们用啤酒和红酒招待他们。 【拓展拓展】 serve 的名词是 service，
5、意为“服务，效劳” 。 例如： He died in the service of his country. 他为国捐躯。There is a good bus service into the city. 往市内的公共汽车十分方便。4.4. holdholdhold 是动词，意为“举行，举办，召开” ，常可以用 have 来替换，过去式和过去分词均为 held。例 如：2hold a meeting 举行会议hold a concert 举行音乐会hold a sports meeting 举行运动会 【拓展】hold 的其他含义：保持；维持How long will this fine w
6、eather hold? 这样的好天气能维持多久？抓住；握住；拿 住He held the thief by the arm. 他抓住那个小偷的胳膊。容纳；包含Our classroom can hold more than fifty students. 教室能容纳 50 多个学生。支撑的重量The chair cant hold your weight. 这把椅子不能承受你的重量。hold短语Catc catch hold of 抓住； hold on（电话）别挂断；稍等 5.5. bebe usedused forforbe used for 意思是“被用来做某事” ，for 是介词，它
7、的后面用名词或者动名词作宾语。例如： Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切割东西的。 【拓展】use构成的其他的短语有： (1) be used as意思是“被作为使用” ，as是介词，意思是“作为” ，它强调被当作工具或者手段 来使用。例如：Our classroom is used as a reading-room. 我们的教室被用来当阅览室使用。 (2)be used by意思是“被使用” ，by后面跟人或者物，表示强调动作的使用者。例如：This radio is often used by my mother. 这台收音机经常被我的妈妈
8、使用。 (3)be used to do something意思是“被用来做某事” ，和be used for doing是同义词短语。例如： It is used for learning English.It is used to learn English. 它被用来学习英语的。 (4) be used to doing something的意思是“习惯于做某事” 。 例如：My father is used to living in the village. 我的爸爸习惯于住在乡村。6.6. howeverhowever however 意为“然而” ，不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新
9、句，并用逗号隔开。例如：It was raining hard. However, we went out to look for the boy. 雨下得很大，不过我们还是出去寻找那个孩子。 【拓展】 （1）but 是并列连词，连接两个并列分句，后面不用逗号，前后句在总的意义上构成了对比。例如：I really dont like cheese, but I will try just a little this time. 我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪，但是这次我要尝一点。 （2）however 比 but 用的场合更正式, 因此 however 用于书面语,而 but 常用于口语。另外, how
10、ever 的意思还不只局限于“但是;然而” ，它还有其他的用法。例如：However hard I worked, she was never satisfied. 无论我多么努力地工作，她从来没满意过。However did you get here without a car? 3没有汽车你究竟是怎样来的呢?7.7. offerofferoffer 是动词，意为“拿出，提供；（主动）提出要做某事” 。常用于“offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.向某人提供某物”和“offer to do sth.主动去做某事”这两种结构。例如：I offered him a
11、lot of food. 我给他许多食物。He offered to take her to the cinema. 他提出带她去看电影。 【拓展】offer 的同义词为 provide，常用结构是 provide sb. with sth. 和 provide sth. for sb. 意为 “向某人提供某物” 。例如：Somehow she managed to provide her children with food and clothing. 她总设法使她的孩子有饭吃，有衣穿。8.8. similarsimilarsimilar 作形容词，意为“相似的” 。be similar t
12、o意为“与相似，接近” ，一般用在相近似 的物品和情境的对比上。例如：His problem is similar to yours. 他的问题和你的相似。I guess it may be similar to the Hindu culture. 我猜想，这可能接近于印度文化。【拓展】（1）look like 意为“看起来像” 。应用范围最广，除了描述人、物之外，也能抽象表达事件 或现象。例如：He looks like a famous movie star. 他看起来像一个电影明星。It looks like its going to rain soon. 天看起来要下雨。（2）tak
13、e after 最常见的是用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用的最多，也能够用在性格脾气这些 内在特质上。例如：She took after her mother almost in everything. 她几乎与她母亲一模一样。Adam was my grandfather and I took after him. 亚当是我的祖父，我和他很相像。词汇精练词汇精练 I.I. 英汉互译。英汉互译。 1. 事实上_ 2. be used for _ 3. hold a sports meeting_ 4. 入乡随俗_ 5. 例如_ 6. school-leavers party_ 7. too m
14、uch food _ 8. 主动去做某事_ 9.heat up _ 10. 请自便 _ II.II. 根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。 1Dumpling are Chinese t_ food. 2. The soup t_ sweet. Would you like some? 3.Thanks for your i_. Im sure to attend your birthday party. 4. Ive heard that the o_ of the supermarket is a young man. 5. K_ are used fo
15、r cutting things. 6.The old _(谚语)“the early bird gets the worm”is my favorite.7. Winter is o_. Spring is coming. 8. She _(提供) him a lift and he accepted（it).9. Heres some a_ for you about learning English. 10. Dinner is _(服务，提供) around 7pm or even later.4III.III. 用所给单词的适当形式填空（注意被动语态的正确使用）用所给单词的适当形式填
16、空（注意被动语态的正确使用） 。1. This book can _(use) as a textbook.2. These beds _(make) of wood.3. English _(speak) in Canada.4. The old man was quite weak after the accident, so he must _(look) after.5. They know salt _(produce) in many places.6. My homework _(finish) in two hours.7. We dont know when the scho
17、ol _(found).8. The trees _(not water) last week. 参考答案参考答案 I.I. 英汉互译。英汉互译。 1. in fact 2. 被用来做某事 3. 举行运动会 4. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 5. such as/for example 6.毕业晚会 7. 太多的食物 8. offer to do sth. 9.给加热 10. help yourself II.II. 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1. traditional 2. tastes 3. invitation
18、 4. owner 5. knives 6. saying 7. over 8. offered 9. advice 10. served III.III. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. be used 2. are made 3. is spoken 4. be looked 5. is produced 6. will be finished 7. was founded 8. werent watered句式精讲句式精讲1.1. “When“When inin Rome,Rome, dodo asas thethe RomansRomans do.do. ”“
19、When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” 是省略句，意为“入乡随俗” 。完整形式为：When（you are) in Rome, do as the Romans do. when in Rome 是 when 引导的时间状语从句，省略了 you are，do as the Romans do 是由实义动词 do 引导的祈使句。as the Romans do 为 as 引导的方式状语从句，do 是状语从句的谓语。as 的意思是“像， 按照” 。 【拓展】 like 也有“像”的意思，as 和 like 有如下区别： like 作介词时，其意是“像，如同” ，其后
20、需接名词、动名词或代词等。如果该名词或代词后还要用 动词才能表达某一完整的意思，那就用 as，此处的 as 作连词解。例如： He saw a number of small hard things like stones. 他看见许多小而硬的、像石块似的东西。 You should behave like her. 你应该像她那样行事。 He wanted to be a pilot as his father had been. 他想像他爸爸一样，当一名飞行员。2.2. NoNo oneone willwill bebe cross.cross. cross 可作形容词，意为“脾气坏的，易
21、怒的” 。例如：Lucy stayed out late again，and her father was really cross. 露西又在外面玩得很晚才回来，她父亲非常生气。【拓展】5(1) be/get cross with sb. 对某人生气 例如：The boss will get cross with me if I dont finish the job on time. 如果我不把活按时干完，老板会对我发火的。(2) be cross at sth. 因某事而生气 例如：She is always cross at the small things. 她总是因为一些小事而生气
22、。 (3) cross 还可作动词，意为“穿过，越过” 。例如：Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。3.3. TheThe forkfork isis heldheld inin youryour leftleft hand.hand.be held 构成了被动语态，意为“被握着” 。be done 是被动语态的构成形式，即 be 动词后接及物动 词的过去分词。be 有人称、时态和单复数形式的变化。各种时态的被动语态列表如下：时态被动语态的结构一般现在时am/is/are过去分词一般过去时was/were过去分词一般将来时will/shall
23、be过去分词现在进行时am/is/arebeing过去分词现在完成时have/hasbeen过去分词过去进行时was/werebeing过去分词过去将来时would/shouldbe过去分词过去完成时hadbeen过去分词下列情况一般用被动语态表达： （1）不知道谁是动作的执行者的时候用被动语态。例如： My bike was stolen last night. 我的自行车昨天晚上被偷了。 （2） 强调和突出动作的承受者的时候用被动语态。例如： The blackboard has been cleaned. 黑板已经被擦了。 （3）没有必要指出动作的执行者的时候用被动语态。例如： The
24、Great Wall was built thousands of years ago. 长城是数千年前建成的。4.4. YouYou maymay findfind itit difficultdifficult toto useuse chopstickschopsticks ifif youyou haventhavent triedtried before.before. “find it difficult to use chopsticks”是 find it + adj. + (for sb) to do sth. 的结构，意为 “发现做某事（对某人来说）是” 。其中 it 作形
25、式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式 to do sth.，形容词作宾语补足语。这一结构可改成由 that 引导的宾语从句，在 it 和形容词之间加适当的 be 动词即可。例如：I find it easy for me to finish the work in an hour. = I find that it is easy for me to finish the work in an hour. 我发现对我来说在一小时内完成工作很容易。5.5. .such.such asas chickenchicken wingswings andand hamburgers.hamburgers
26、.such as 意为“例如” ，用来罗列同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间， 但 such as 后边不能用逗号。 例如：I have many hobbies such reading, dancing and singing. 我有很多爱好，如读书，跳舞和唱歌。Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science. 其中有许多英语节目很受欢迎，例如跟我学 跟我学科学 。 【拓展】6for example 也意为“例如” ，但是强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举
27、同类人或物中的一个作为插入语， 且用逗号隔开。for example 可置于句首、句中或句末。例如：There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.有许多种污染方式，例如噪音就是一种污染。 Many students like playing computer games，for example，Mike.许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏，比如迈克。 句式精练句式精练 I.I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词） 。 1. 告别晚会将在五月三十日举行。The
28、 _ party _ _ _on the 30th of May. 2. 我认为他的答案不对。_ _ _ his answer is right. 3. 这本书是去年他写的。This book _ _ _ him last year. 4. 许多国家说英语，如澳大利亚、加拿大等。English is_ in many countries, _ _ Australia, Canada and so on. 5. 孩子们不被允许在街上踢足球。Children _ _ _ to play football in the street. 6. 小树应当受到好的照顾。Young trees should
29、 _ _ _ _ _. 7. 刚才他对他的老师很生气。He was _ _ his teacher just now. 8. 这个新机场是去年建造的。This new airport _ _ last year. 9. 教室的窗户应当每天都打扫。The windows of the classroom _ _ _ every day. 10. 大家认为如果一吃完，你就离开是相当无礼的。Its thought quite rude if you leave _ _ _ you finish eating. II.II. 句型转换，每空一词。句型转换，每空一词。 1. People all ove
30、r the world know the Great Wall. (改为被动语态)The Great Wall _ _ _ people all over the world. 2. My little brother is too short to reach the apple on the table. (改为同义句)My little brother is _ short _ he cant reach the apple on the table. 3. My friend told me some good news. (改为被动语态)Some good news _ _ to m
31、e by my friend. 4. The old man no longer lived there. (改为同义句)The old man _ live there _ _. 5. My teacher offered me some good advice yesterday. (改为同义句)My teacher _ some good advice _ me yesterday. III.III. 改错。改错。1. Xiali cars are make in Tianjin, China. _72. He didnt be chosen for the job. _ 3. Sinc
32、e thirty years ago his novels were translated into many languages. _ 4. The man was seen go upstairs. _ 5. He has had the book for a couple days ago. _ IV.IV. 补全对话。补全对话。根据对话情景，填入适当的单词（每空一词）A: Excuse me. Could you help me?B: 1. . What can I do for you?A: Well, Id like to exchange this CD.B: Whats wro
33、ng 2. it?A: My grandson gave it to me as a birthday 3. . Its his favorite music but its too 4. for me. I want something quieter.B: Im really sorry, but there are no exchange on CDs after theyve been 5. .参考答案参考答案 I.I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词） 。1.school-leavers, will be held 2. I dont th
34、ink 3. was written by 4. spoken, such as 5. are not allowed 6. be taken good care of 7. cross / angry with 8. was built 9. should be cleaned 10. as soon as II.II. 句型转换，每空一词。句型转换，每空一词。1. is known by 2. so; that 3. was told 4. didnt; any longer/more 5. offered; to III.III. 改错。改错。1. Xiali cars are made
35、 in Tianjin, China. 2. He wasnt chosen for the job. 3. Since thirty years ago his novels have been translated into many languages. 4. The man was seen to go upstairs. 5. He has had the book for a couple of days./ He has had the book since a couple of days ago. IV.IV. 补全对话。补全对话。1. sure2. with3. gift4. noisy5. opened