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1、1RevisionRevision modulemodule B B词句精讲精练词句精讲精练 词汇精讲词汇精讲 1.1. hurt;hurt; injure;injure; harmharm 和和 woundwound这四个词都有“伤”的意思。 (1) hurt 是普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。例如：The driver hurt himself badly in the accident. 那位司机在这次事故中伤得很重。I felt hurt at your words. 你的话使我很难过。 (2) injure 比 hurt 正式，hurt 多指伤痛，而 inj
2、ure 则指损害健康、容貌等，强调功能的损失。例 如：Drinking can injure ones health. 喝酒对人的健康有害。 (3) harm 用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便，还可用于抽象事物，尤其是不道 德的事情。例如：Dont harm your eyes by reading in dim light. 不要在昏暗的灯光下看书，以免损害眼睛。 (4) wound 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，特指战场上受的伤。它可以指肉 体上的伤害，也可喻指精神上的创伤。例如：The robber wounded him with a knife.
3、 那个强盗用刀刺伤了他。 2.2. thanksthanks to;to; becausebecause ofof 与与 withwith thethe helphelp ofofthanks to 意为“多亏，由于” ，同义词组为 because of(因为)或 with the help of(在的帮助 下)。后跟名词或代词，在句中作状语，表示原因，常用于句首或句末。thanks to 常有“感谢”的 意味，表示由于某种原因才有了某种好的结果，有时也用于反语中。because of 无感情色彩，一般 仅表示原因。with the help of 侧重于“在某人的帮助下” 。例如：Thank
4、s to the doctor, the boy was saved. 多亏了那位医生，那个男孩得救了。Thanks to your help, I passed the exam. 多亏了你的帮助，我通过了那次考试。He didnt go to school yesterday because of illness. 昨天因为生病，他没有去上学。We were successful with the help of our teachers. 在老师们的帮助下，我们成功了。3.3. dressdress upupdress up 意为“穿上盛装，乔装打扮” 。既可用作及物动词，又可用作不及物
5、动词。例如：Everyone dresses up and looks beautiful. 每个人都打扮得很漂亮。We dressed up for the wedding. 我们为参加婚礼而盛装打扮。 【拓展】 (1) put on 意为“穿（戴）上” ，强调其动作，即由没穿到穿这一过程的完成。例如：He put on his coat and went out. 他穿上大衣就出去了。 (2) wear 意为“穿(戴)着” ，强调其状态。例如：Lucys mother often wears a pair of glasses. Lucy 的母亲常常戴着一副眼镜。 (3) in + 表示衣
6、服或颜色的词，意为“穿着衣服” ，表示穿衣状态，相当于 be wearing。例如：The girl in red is his sister. 那个穿红衣服的女孩是他的姐姐。 (4) dress 既可以表动作，也可以表状态，常用人作宾语，意为“给穿衣服” ；在表示“自己穿 衣” ，时可说 get dressed=dress oneself；当 dress 表示状态时，一般要用 be dressed in 的形式。She is only a girl of three; she cant dress herself. 她只是一个 3 岁的女孩，她还不会 自己穿衣服。She was dresse
7、d in a red coat. 她穿着一件红色的上衣。24.4. sound;sound; noisenoise 和和 voicevoice (1) sound 可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声音。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说，大 自然的任何“声音”都可以用 sound。例如：Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。 (2) noise 意为“噪音，喧闹声” ，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。例如：Dont make any noise! 别吵闹!The noise wakes me up. 噪音吵醒了我! (3) voice
8、一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌、谈笑都可用 voice。sound 和 noise 不仅能指人的声音，还 可以表示别的动物发出的声音，而 voice 除了有时可指鸟的声音外，很少表示其它动物的声音。例如：The girl has a beautiful voice. 那女孩嗓音很美。They are talking in low voices. 他们正小声交谈。When the teacher came into the classroom，our monitor spoke in a loud voice， “Stand up!”老师走进教室时，班长大声喊：“起立!” 5.5. late;lat
9、e; later;later; latestlatest 与与 latelylately (1) late 作形容词或副词，意为“迟，晚，来不及” 。例如： He was late for school. 他上学迟到了。 He often works late into the night. 他常常工作到深夜。 (2) later 作副词，意为“后来，以后” 。例如： I hope we catch up later. 我希望我们后来赶上。 (3) latest 作形容词，意为“最新的，最近的” 。例如： They are the latest fashion. 它们是最新的款式。 (4) l
10、ately 作副词，意为“最近” 。例如： Have you seen her lately? 你最近见过她吗？ 6.6. riserise 与与 raiseraiserise 常用作不及物动词，指的是物体自己提升，如：太阳升起，河水上涨，物价上涨等都可以用 rise；而 raise 是及物动词，通常指的是通过外力的作用把事物举起或抬起。例如：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。Prices rise every day in those countries. 那些国家的物价天天上涨。The teacher asks the boy to raise his
11、hand. 老师要求那个男孩举起手。【拓展】(1) 原形过去式过去分词词性raiseraisedraised及物动词riseroserisen不及物动词(2) raise 的常见短语：raise ones voice 提高嗓门raise a family 养家糊口raise money 筹款raise price 提高价格 7.7. because;because; since;since; forfor 和和 asas(1) because“因为” ，从属连词，语气最强，常用来回答 why 引导的特殊疑问句，可位于句首，常 用逗号，也位于主句之后，不需要用逗号。例如：3We stayed a
12、t home because it rained. = Because it rained, we stayed at home. 因为下雨， 我们待在家里。(2) for“因为” ，并列连词，语气较弱，一般放在主要分句之后，用逗号隔开。例如：It must have rained during the night, for the road is wet. 夜里肯定下雨了，因为路是 湿的。(3) since“既然” ，常放在句首，用于表示一种已知的、显然的理由。例如：Since it is Sunday today, you may go to the park. 既然今天是星期天，你们可以
13、去公园。Since everybody is here, lets begin out party. 既然大家都到了，那就开始我们的聚会吧！(4) as“因为，既然” ，从属连词，语气较弱，一般用于句首，用逗号与主句隔开，常用于指说话双 方都明白的原因。例如：As it was late, we had to go home. 因为晚了，我们必须回家。8.8. missmissmiss 是及物动词，课文中意为“想念，怀念” ，miss doing sth. 意为“怀念做某事” 。例如：Will you miss your parents when you leave home? 离开家时，你会
14、想念你的父母吗？I miss living in the country. 我怀念住在农村的日子。 【拓展】miss 用作及物动词时，还有如下意义：(1) miss + 名词或动词-ing 形式，意为“未赶上，未击中，未找到”等。例如：I missed the first bus, so I came late. 我没赶上首班公共汽车，因此我来迟了。(2) miss 意为“遗漏，省去” 。例如：You have missed a letter in the word. 你在这个单词中漏掉了一个字母。 词汇精练词汇精练 I.I. 英汉词组互译。英汉词组互译。1. above all_ 2. di
15、e from _ 3. 发生_4. worry about _ 5. 因为_6. 扮演的角色_ 7. 取得进步_8. eitheror_9. belong to_10. owe to_ II.II. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句中所缺单词。根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句中所缺单词。1. I t_ over the box on the floor and fell. 2. Youve cut your knee. Theres _(血) on your leg.3. Can you go and f_ the spoon for me? 4. Do you know the s_ “ W
16、hen in Rome, do as Romans do.”? 5. The teacher called two students to finish the _(对话) between Mary and her mother. 6. They didnt have a w_ time yesterday because it rained heavily. 7. W_ you go, I will go with you. 8. Everyone knows the i_ of learning English. 9. I beg your p_. 10. Most of the nurs
17、es have great _(耐心). III.III. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1. I will return the book to the library if I _(finish) reading it. 2. As soon as he saw me, he _(stop) to speak to me. 3. This book _(translate) into English already.44. She was made _(wash) clothes by her mother. 5. The old man told the
18、 children _(not walk) in the rice fields. 6. He had decided _(write) it again. 7. I hope he _(come) back in a week. 8. It _(rain) heavily when I got to the factory this morning. 9. Computer is one of the most important _(invent). 10. She said she was _(terrible) ill. 参考答案参考答案 I.I. 英汉互译。英汉互译。 1. 最重要的
19、 2. 死于 3. take place 4. 担忧 5. because of 6. play the role of 7. make progress 8. 或者或者 9. 属于 10. 归功于 II.II. 根据句意及首字母提示完成句中所缺单词。根据句意及首字母提示完成句中所缺单词。1. tripped 2. blood 3. fetch 4. saying 5. dialogue 6. wonderful 7. Wherever 8. importance 9. pardon 10. patience III.III. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1
20、. finish 2. stopped 3. has been translated 4. to wash 5. not to walk 6. to write 7. will come 8. was raining 9. inventions 10. terribly 句式精讲句式精讲 1.1. EmailEmail meme ifif youyou havehave anyany otherother questions.questions.if 条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概 率 也是很高的。如果 if 从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将
21、来时，情态动词加动词原形或者祈使句。 例如：The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。 If it stops snowing，we can go out. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。 Please call me if you have some trouble doing work. 如果你工作有麻烦请给我打电话。2.2. HotHot andand soursour soup.soup. ItsIts mademade withwith chickenchicken andand vegetables.v
22、egetables. be made with 意为“由和一起构成的” 。例如： Cheesehurgers are made with hamburgers and cheese. 奶酪汉堡是由奶酪和汉堡做成的。 【拓展】(1) be made of 意为“由制成” ，强调从制成品中仍可以看出原材料。例如： The desk is made of woods. 桌子是由木头制成的。 (2) be made from意为“用制成” ，强调从制成品中看不出原材料。例如：The paper is made from the wood. 纸是由木头制成的。 (3) be made in 意为“由制造
23、（生产） ” ，强调生产地点，in后只接地点名词。例如：The kind of watch is made in Shanghai. 这种手表是在上海制造的。 (4) be made into意为“把制成” ，注意表示原材料的词作句子的主语，表示制成品的词作 介词into的宾语。例如：Glass can be made into all kinds of beautiful things. 玻璃可以制成各种各样漂亮的物品。3.3. Well,Well, I I dontdont thinkthink sheshe is.is.这是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。在这个句型中，如果主语是 I 或 we
24、，谓语动词是 think; believe; suppose; expect; imagine 等表示心理活动的词，该句子的否定句要否定主句谓语。这一现象叫否定 前移。否定的形式在前，否定的意义在后。例如：5I dont think I know you. 我想我不认识你。 I dont believe it will rain tomorrow. 我认为明天不会下雨。 【拓展】 这种否定前移的宾语从句变为反意疑问句，反意疑问句的主、谓语要与从句一致。例如：I think he is right, isnt he? 我认为他是对的，不是吗？I dont think he is right, i
25、s he? 我认为他不对，是吗？4.4. AtAt weekends,weekends, youyou havehave gotgot moremore time,time, soso useuse itit notnot justjust forfor youryour friends,friends, butbut forfor restrest too.too.not justbut是not only.but also的变体形式，意思是“不但而且”，连接两个 并列成分。 (1) 连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词和also后面的主语保持一致。例如：Not only my mother but
26、also I like to go to the garden. 不仅妈妈而且我也喜欢去公园。 (2) 连接谓语动词。例如： Tom can not only sing, but also dance. Tom不仅会唱歌，而且能跳舞。 (3) 连接宾语。例如：I saw not only Tom but also Jack in the park. 我在公园里不仅见到了Tom，而且见到了 Jack。 (4) 以not onlybut also 开头的句子往往引起倒装。Not only did he complain about the food, but he refused to pay f
27、or it.他不仅抱怨饭不好吃，而且拒绝付饭钱。5.5. II cancan continuecontinue toto makemake progressprogress nextnext year.year.动词不定式 to make progress 作了 continue 的宾语。不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可 以不用 to，这里的 to 是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是 not+(to+)动词原形。 动词不定式的句法功能：功能例句说明主语To speak English is not easy for us. It is not easy for us t
28、o speak English 讲英语对我们来说不容易。作主语用的不定式，常常用 it 作形式主语，而把不定式 放在后面。表语My work is to clean the room every dayTo clean the room every day is my work 我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子。多数情况下，不定式作表语， 可转换为作主语。宾语What sports does he like to play? 他喜欢做什么运动? He likes to play basketball他喜欢打篮球。只能作某些动词的宾语，一 般不作介词的宾语。宾补My mother made me p
29、lay the piano all the time 我妈妈让我一直弹钢琴。在 make，let，see，hear，wa tch 等使役、感官动词后， 不定式省略 to。定语Have you got anything to say?你有要说的吗?不定式作定语，要放在所修 饰词的后面。状语Im sorry to trouble you(表原因) 很抱歉，给你添麻烦了。 I went to the library to study English(表目不定式作状语，其逻辑主语 要和句子的主语一致。6的) 我去图书馆学英语了。句式精练句式精练 I.I. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。根据汉语意思完
30、成句子，每空一词。 1. 他们发生了什么事情？What _ _ them? 2. 我昨天被我表弟叫去帮他学英语。I _ _ _ help my cousin to learn English yesterday. 3. 我口渴了，有什么喝的东西吗？Im thirsty. Do you have _ _ _? 4. 我爸爸擅长书法。My father is _ _ _. 5. 如果明天下雨，我们将不去公园。We _ go to the park if it _ tomorrow. 6. 毕业之后，他成为了一名成功的作家。He became a _ _ after he left school.
31、7. 多亏了老师，我通过了那次考试。_ _ the teacher, I passed the exam. 8. 这件外套是棉质的。The coat is _ _ cotton. 9. 我认为他明天不会来。I _ think he _ _ tomorrow. 10. 我弟弟和我都喜欢打电脑游戏。_ _ my brother _ _ I like playing computer games. II.II. 句型转换，每空一词。句型转换，每空一词。 1. Everyone should give back his library books on time. (改为被动语态)Library bo
32、oks should _ _ back on time. 2. David has some Chinese lessons every week. (改为否定句)David _ _ _ Chinese lessons every week. 3. When he saw me in the street, he was surprised. (改为同义句)He was surprised _ _ me in the street. 4. She has been in China for three years. (对划线部分提问)_ _ has she been in China? 5.
33、We can see beautiful flowers everywhere. (改为被动语态)Beautiful flowers can _ _ everywhere. 6. I saw Peter just now. He was swimming in the pool. (合并为一句)I saw Peter _ in the pool just now. 7. Its going to rain soon. I thought. (合并为一句)I thought _ _ going to rain soon. 8. Please show us how we can find the
34、 station. (改为简单句)Please show us _ _ find the station. III.III. 补全对话。补全对话。 阅读下面对话，在空白处填入恰当的内容。7A: So, whats your plan for this weekend? B: I just want to stay at home. A: How about going to 1 ? B: Sorry, Ive been tired these days. I just want to have a good rest. A: But I think going to movies is a b
35、etter way to 2 yourself. B: You are probably right. A: Maybe we should go out to 3 first. B: Yeah, I think so. A: I know pizzas been your favourite. Lets meet at Sams Pizza House. I heard they just came out with a new pizza. B: Really? I havent been there for a long time. When shall we meet? A: Well
36、, the movie is at 2:00 pm and 1:00 pm. B: 4 go to the 2:00 pm show? A: No problem. We can meet at Sams Pizza House at 11:00 am. B: Perfect. If so, we can have plenty of time to 5 . 参考答案参考答案 I.I. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。1. happened to 2. was asked to 3. anything to drink 4. good at handwritin
37、g 5. wont; rains 6. successful writer 7. Thanks to 8. made from 9. dont; will come 10. Not only; but also II.II. 句型转换，每空一词。句型转换，每空一词。1. be given 2. doesnt have any 3. to see 4. How long 5. be seen 6. swimming 7. it was 8. how to III.III. 补全对话。补全对话。1. the cinema (movies) / see a movie (film) 2. relax /rest 3. eat (something) / have lunch 4. Why not / Why dont we / Shall we 5. enjoy (have) our pizza