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1、BR-mainBefore Reading 2.Natural History3.Samuel Scudder 4.Louis Agassiz1.Picture-talking and Discussion5.Background InformationDefinition of Natural HistoryFamous Natural History MuseumsHaemulonEau-de-CologneBR1-Picture-talking and DiscussionDirections:Say something about the different ways of teach
2、ing and learning according to the following pictures.And then discuss which way you like best and why.Picture-talking and DiscussionBR1-Picture-talking and Discussion2Study in a Traditional WayBR1-Picture-talking and Discussion3Study in Multimedia ClassBR1-Picture-talking and Discussion4Study throug
3、h DiscussionBR1-Picture-talking and Discussion5Self-study through InternetBR1-Picture-talking and Discussion6Study with a TutorBR1-Natural HistoryNatural history is an umbrella term for what are now usually viewed as a number of distinct scientific disciplines.Most definitions include the study of l
4、iving things(e.g.biology,including botany(植物植物学学)and zoology);other definitions extend the topic to include paleontology(古生物学古生物学),),ecology or biochemistry,as well as parts of geology and physics and even meteorology(气象学气象学).).In the 18th century and well into the 19th century,natural history as a
5、term was frequently used to refer to all scientific studies,as opposed to political or ecclesiastical history.As such,the subject area would include all aspects of physics,astronomy,archeology(考考古学古学),),etc.This broad usage is still used for some institutions including museums and societies.Definiti
6、on of Natural History BR1-Natural History2Directions:The most famous natural history museums in the world are listed here.The Natural History Museum London,BritainThe Humboldt Museum fr Naturkunde Berlin,GermanyThe following museums are in USA:The Smithsonian Institutions National Museum of Natural
7、History Washington D.C.The Cleveland Museum of Natural History ClevelandThe Carnegie Museum of Natural History PittsburghThe Field Museum of Natural History ChicagoThe Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture SeattleThe American Museum of Natural History New York City Famous Natural History Museu
8、msBR1-Natural History3Samuel Hubbard Scudder(18371911):American entomologist(昆虫学昆虫学家家)Born in Boston,he was graduated from Williams College and got his B.A.(1857)and then he got his B.S.at Harvard(1862).As the founder of American insect paleontology(古古生生物物学学)and an authority on Orthoptera(直直翅翅目目)and
9、 Lepidoptera(鳞鳞翅翅目目),he was assistant to Louis Agassiz(18621864),custodian of the Boston Society of Natural History(18641870),assistant librarian of Harvard(18791882),and paleontologist of the U.S.Geological Survey(18861892).His works include A Century of Orthoptera(1879),Butterflies:Their Structure
10、,Changes,and Life-Histories(1881),and Fossil Insects of North America(1890).Samuel ScudderBR1-Natural History4BR1-Natural History5BR1-Natural History 6BR1-Natural History 7BR1-Natural History8BR1-Natural History 9Louis Rodolphe Agassiz(18071873):Swiss-American naturalistBorn in Switzerland,he gradua
11、ted in medicine(1830),worked in Paris and in 1832 accepted a professorship at the University of Neuchtel.His early work on fossil fishes was followed by a systematic study of glaciers.In 1846 he went to America and in 1848 became professor of natural history at Harvard.Though a strong opponent of Da
12、rwin he proved himself one of the most influential(and most loved)teachers of science of his age.His A Journey in Brazil resulted from a scientific expedition to that country,but of his Contributions to the Natural History of the United States only four volumes were issued before his death,which too
13、k place while he was organizing a unique summer school at Penikese island on the Massachusetts coast.Louis AgassizBR1-Natural History 10Natural Histor11BR1-Natural History 12BR1-Natural History 13BR1-Natural History 14BR1-Natural History 15BR1-Natural History 16BR1-Haemulon 1Haemulon Haemulon refers
14、 to medium-sized tropical marine food fishes that utter agrunting sound when caught.Haemulon Haemulon refers to medium-sized tropical marine food fishes that utter agrunting sound when caught.BR1-Haemulon 2Haemulon Haemulon refers to medium-sized tropical marine food fishes that utter agrunting soun
15、d when caught.BR1-Haemulon 3Haemulon Haemulon refers to medium-sized tropical marine food fishes that utter agrunting sound when caught.BR1-Haemulon 4Haemulon Haemulon refers to medium-sized tropical marine food fishes that utter agrunting sound when caught.BR1-Haemulon 5BR1-Eau-de-Cologne Eau-de-Co
16、logne Beginning in the 18th century,Jean-Marie Farina started selling a fruit based alcohol solution in Cologne under the name of lEau Admirable,whose formula he obtained from his uncle,Jean-Paul Feminis,and whose therapeutic virtues were confirmed by Cologne College of Medicine.This tonic preparati
17、on with its fresh and fruity scent was known as Eau-de-Cologne in France,and became immensely popular all throughout Europe.It is one of the few kinds of perfume to be widely worn by men.In the early 19th century,another Jean-Marie Farina,heir to the founder of the legendary company and its formula,
18、settled in Paris and became the official supplier for the Emperor Napoleon I.In 1840,he sold his business to Lonce Collas who sold it again in 1862 to Messieurs Roger and Gallet who continue producing the legendary Eau de Cologne.BR1-Eau-de-Cologne 2BR1-Eau-de-Cologne 3BR2-Eau-de-Cologne 4BR2-Eau-de
19、-Cologne 5BR2-Eau-de-Cologne 6GR-MAINGlobal Reading1.Part Division of the Text2.ScanningTable Completion FlowchartGR-Part Division of the Text Parts LinesMain Ideas1231 46 4770 7185 Part Division of the Text486104 5105122The authors first morning in the laboratory was characterized by boredom and de
20、spair.By drawing the fish in the afternoon,Scudder discovered new features in the fish but failed to notice its most conspicuous characteristic.The author discovered one new feature after another when he began to work in earnest and saw how just the Professors criticism had been.By the end of the th
21、ird day,the author had learned the best entomological lesson in his life,one that was to guide his subsequent study and research.The eight months Scudder spent studying haemulons was of greater value to him than years of later investigation into insects.Table Completion 123With that he left me,but i
22、n a moment returned with explicit instructions as to the care of the object entrusted to me.On my return,I learned that Professor Agassiz had been at the Museum,but had gone,and would not return for several hours.Just then the Professor returned.4 and he left me to my misery.5 and when,towards its c
23、lose,the Professor inquired Scan the text and complete the table below by finding out the sentences showing the professor left the author and returned that day.GR-Part Division of the Text2L.70LL.4344L.81LL.2930L.10“Now,”I replied.Still I was conscious of a passing feeling of disappointment.Half an
24、hour passed an hour another hour;the fish began to look loathsome.I was in despair.and with a feeling of desperation again looked at it.he left me to my misery.L.50Flowchart Scan the text and complete the flowchart below with the words,phrases or sentences in the text showing the authors different f
25、eelings(eager,happy,disappointed,etc.)that day.This was disconcerting.L.81His thoroughly pleased Of course!Of course!repaid the wakeful hours of the previous night.LL.9192GR-Part Division of the Text3_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Today educators stress critical thinking,which begins with close observation.Yet,the
26、 technique is not new,as we can see from this famous essay by Samuel Scudder,in which he recalls his education at Harvard in the 1850s.In the essay,Scudder relates the lesson in observation he learned under Professor Agassiz.The professors teaching method was simple.Instead of lecturing,he directed
27、his young student to look again,look again.Text TEXT-S-1Take This Fish and Look at ItSamuel ScudderIt was more than fifteen years ago that I entered the laboratory of Professor Agassiz,and told him I had enrolled my name in the Scientific School as a student of natural history.He asked me a few ques
28、tions about my object in coming,my antecedents generally,the mode in which I afterwards proposed to use the knowledge I might acquire,and,finally,whether I wished to study any special branch.To the latter I replied that while I wished to be well grounded in all departments of zoology,I purposed to d
29、evote myself especially to insects.TEXT-W-1Samuel ScudderIt was more than fifteen years ago that I entered the laboratory of Professor Agassiz,and told him I had enrolled my name in the Scientific School as a student of natural history.He asked me a few questions about my object in coming,my anteced
30、ents generally,the mode in which I afterwards proposed to use the knowledge I might acquire,and,finally,whether I wished to study any special branch.To the latter I replied that while I wished to be well grounded in all departments of zoology,I purposed to devote myself especially to insects.Take Th
31、is Fish and Look at ItSamuel ScudderIt was more than fifteen years ago that I entered the laboratory of Professor Agassiz,and told him I had enrolled my name in the Scientific School as a student of natural history.He asked me a few questions about my object in coming,my antecedents generally,the mo
32、de in which I afterwards proposed to use the knowledge I might acquire,and,finally,whether I wished to study any special branch.To the latter I replied that while I wished to be well grounded in all departments of zoology,I purposed to devote myself especially to insects.TEXT-S-1.11.Analyze the stru
33、cture of the sentence.This is a long sentence.The main verb in the sentence is followed by four objects:1)a few questions;2)my antecedents;3)the mode and 4)whether-clause.2.Translate the sentence into Chinese.他略略询问了我来此的目的、我大致的经历、以后准备如何运用所他略略询问了我来此的目的、我大致的经历、以后准备如何运用所学知识，最后问我是否希望修习某一特别学科。学知识，最后问我是否希望
34、修习某一特别学科。Take this fish and Look at ItSamuel ScudderIt was more than fifteen years ago that I entered the laboratory of Professor Agassiz,and told him I had enrolled my name in the Scientific School as a student of natural history.He asked me a few questions about my object in coming,my antecedents
35、generally,the mode in which I afterwards proposed to use the knowledge I might acquire,and,finally,whether I wished to study any special branch.To the latter I replied that while I wished to be well grounded in all departments of zoology,I purposed to devote myself especially to insects.enroll:v.He
36、is enrolled as a part-time student.TEXT-W-enroll put onto the official list;(cause to)enter or join(followed by in/on)她决定上当地夜校的计算机班。她决定上当地夜校的计算机班。She decided to enroll in the computer course at the local evening school.Take this fish and Look at ItSamuel ScudderIt was more than fifteen years ago tha
37、t I entered the laboratory of Professor Agassiz,and told him I had enrolled my name in the Scientific School as a student of natural history.He asked me a few questions about my object in coming,my antecedents generally,the mode in which I afterwards proposed to use the knowledge I might acquire,and
38、,finally,whether I wished to study any special branch.To the latter I replied that while I wished to be well grounded in all departments of zoology,I purposed to devote myself especially to insects.TEXT-W-ground sb ground sb.in sth:Most seven-year-olds are grounded in the basics of reading and writi
39、ng.teach sb.the main points or rules(of a subject)as a base for further study(usually passive)The volunteers have been grounded in the prevention of the disease.Take this fish and Look at ItTEXT-s-2 When do you wish to begin?he asked.Now,I replied.This seemed to please him,and with an energetic Very
40、 well!he reached from a shelf a huge jar of specimens in yellow alcohol.TakeWith that he left me,but in a moment returned with explicit instructions as to the care of the object entrusted to me.No man is fit to be a naturalist,said he,who does not know how to take care of specimens.this fish,he said
41、,and look at it;we call it a haemulon;by and by I will ask what you have seen.With that he left me,but in a moment returned with explicit instructions as to the care of the object entrusted to me.No man is fit to be a naturalist,said he,who does not know how to take care of specimens.this fish,he sa
42、id,and look at it;we call it a haemulon;by and by I will ask what you have seen.When do you wish to begin?he asked.Now,I replied.This seemed to please him,and with an energetic Very well!he reached from a shelf a huge jar of specimens in yellow alcohol.TakeText w-2 When do you wish to begin?he asked
43、.Now,I replied.This seemed to please him,and with an energetic Very well!he reached from a shelf a huge jar of specimens in yellow alcohol.TakeWith that he left me,but in a moment returned with explicit instructions as to the care of the object entrusted to me.No man is fit to be a naturalist,said h
44、e,who does not know how to take care of specimens.this fish,he said,and look at it;we call it a haemulon;by and by I will ask what you have seen.What can we infer from his reply?The reply shows that the author is eager to do the job.Text-s-2.1 When do you wish to begin?he asked.Now,I replied.This se
45、emed to please him,and with an energetic Very well!he reached from a shelf a huge jar of specimens in yellow alcohol.TakeWith that he left me,but in a moment returned with explicit instructions as to the care of the object entrusted to me.No man is fit to be a naturalist,said he,who does not know ho
46、w to take care of specimens.this fish,he said,and look at it;we call it a haemulon;by and by I will ask what you have seen.Paraphrase the sentence.If a man knows nothing about how to look after specimens,he is not suitable to be a naturalist.Text-s-2.2this fish,he said,and look at it;we call it a ha
47、emulon;by and by I will ask what you have seen.When do you wish to begin?he asked.Now,I replied.This seemed to please him,and with an energetic Very well!he reached from a shelf a huge jar of specimens in yellow alcohol.TakeWith that he left me,but in a moment returned with explicit instructions as
48、to the care of the object entrusted to me.No man is fit to be a naturalist,said he,who does not know how to take care of specimens.energetic:adj.TEXT-W-energetic full of energy;very active We need to be more energetic in promoting ourselves abroad.The club has the support of an energetic and enthusi
49、astic management committee.this fish,he said,and look at it;we call it a haemulon;by and by I will ask what you have seen.When do you wish to begin?he asked.Now,I replied.This seemed to please him,and with an energetic Very well!he reached from a shelf a huge jar of specimens in yellow alcohol.TakeW
50、ith that he left me,but in a moment returned with explicit instructions as to the care of the object entrusted to me.No man is fit to be a naturalist,said he,who does not know how to take care of specimens.specimen:n.TEXT-W-specimen a single typical thing or example He has a collection of rare insec