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1、资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值T4噬菌体DNA的复制与调控吴俊 张年辉 卿人韦资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值T4噬菌体DNA的复制与调控 origin-dependent replication early in infection recombination-dependent replication at later times(RDR)replication mediator protein(RMP)-
2、gp59 and uvsY the sliding clamp-gp45资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值Fig.2-1 Model of a replication fork with bacteriophage T4 proteins资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值Fig.1-1 T4 in vitro system for RDR资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增
3、值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值Features of the RDR pathwayFirst is the strict requirement,under physiological conditions,for an RMP protein(uvsY)to promote the uvsX-catalyzed initiation of leading strand synthesis via the D loop-forming mechanism mentioned above.Second is the requirement for another mediator
4、 protein(gp59)to initiate the lagging strand synthesis component of RDR.Third is the intriguing observation,diagrammed in Fig.1-1,that the synthesis of Okazaki fragments always occurs on the displaced strand of the D loop,and not on the 59 extension of the invading ssDNA.资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间
5、的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值Role of UvsY Protein in Assembly of the T4 Presynaptic FilamentUvsY helps uvsX displace gp32 from ssDNA,a reaction necessary for proper formation of the presynaptic filament.UvsY interacts with and stabilizes uvsX-ssDNA filaments after they are assembled.Note:uvsX r
6、ecombinase cooperatively bound to ssDNA资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值Fig.1-2A Biochemical model for uvsY-mediated assembly of the T4 presynaptic filament资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值3 ssDNA tails generated during T4 origin-dependent re
7、plication are natural primers for RDR because the presence of homology is guaranteed by the terminal redundancy of T4 DNA.Several other mechanisms exist for 3 tail generation,including nucleolytic resection of DNA double-stand breaks(DSBs).Both DSB repair and normal RDR processes depend on the T4 gp
8、46 and gp47 proteins.The observation of a strong proteinprotein interaction between gp46/47 and uvsY raises another intriguing possibility:that nucleolytic resection of DSBs is directly coupled to the assembly of a presynaptic filament on the remaining strand.A hypothetical model for this process is
9、 shown in Fig.1-2B.Hypothesis of Presynapsis Coupled to the Nucleolytic Resection of dsDNA Ends资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值Fig.1-2B Hypothetical model for presynapsis coupled togp46y47-catalyzed resection of a DSB资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是
10、原有资金的时间价值Structure of T4 Gene 59 Helicase-Loading Protein(gp59)T4 59 helicase-loading protein is a small,basic,almost completely-helical protein whose N-terminal domain has structural similarity to high mobility group family proteins(HMG).Its 13-helices are divided into N and C domains of similar si
11、ze.The single short-sheet connects N-terminal residues 24 with residues 197199 near the C terminus.There is a narrow groove between the two domains on the top of the protein.The surface of the protein is notable for the high density of basic and hydrophobic residues,which may be important for its DN
12、A and protein interactions(Fig.2-2).Gp59 recognizes specific structures rather than specific sequences.It binds and loads the helicase on replication forks and on three-and four-stranded(Holliday junction)recombination structures,without sequence specificity.资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值
13、，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值Fig.2-2 Ribbon diagrams of the crystal structure of the T4 gene 59 helicase-loading protein showing its structural similarity with HMG proteins.资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值Fig.1-3 Biochemical model for gp59-ediated helicase assembly at T4 replic
14、ation fork资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值Fig.1-4 Enzyme partitioning model for strand-specific priming of Okazaki fragments during T4 recombination-dependent replication资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值The coordinated assembly of the DNA po
15、lymerase(gp43),the sliding clamp(gp45),and the clamp loader(gp44/62)to form the bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase holoenzyme is a multistep.It proceeds through 10 steps and 7 conformational changes in gp45.DNA polymerase holoenzyme资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值Scheme 1
16、Steps in the Formation of the T4 Holoenzyme.资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值Fig.3-1 (A)X-ray crystal structure of gp45 showing the interdomain connecting loop and the subunit interface.(B)In-plane model of opening of gp45 showing the location of the mutations:V163C in b
17、lue,S158C in green,and T168C in pink,with the donor tryptophan in orange.Each mutation is shown only once for clarity.(C)Out-of-plane model of opening.资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值运用Fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)技术观测了gp45在T4DNA polymerase holoenzyme组装过程
18、中的动态变化，并设计了gp45的动态图。该方法的原理是：gp45的一个亚基上有一个内源色氨酸（W91)，它在能量转移中能够被检测，将它作为荧光团供体。还设计了gp45特异位置上的三个突变体（V163C,S158C,T168C),作为荧光团受体。通过计算供体和受体间的距离，得出了gp45在全酶形成中的开启和关闭模型(Fig.3-5)。Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值Fig.3-5 Molecular models of gp45 资金是运动的价值，资金的价值是随时间变化而变化的，是时间的函数，随时间的推移而增值，其增值的这部分资金就是原有资金的时间价值