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1、第七章习语与翻译本讲稿第一页，共五十三页习语分类成语谚语歇后语俚语本讲稿第二页，共五十三页成语的翻译成语的翻译本讲稿第三页，共五十三页He was in the seventh heaven last night.1）他昨晚到七重天去了。2）他昨晚去极乐世界了。3）他昨晚见上帝去了。4）他昨晚升天了。5）他昨晚归西了。6）他昨晚见马克思去了。？本讲稿第四页，共五十三页knit ones brows 皱眉头last but not least 最后但不是最不重要的一点laugh in ones face 当面嘲笑lay sth.to heart 把某事放在心上have pity on sb.同情
2、某人本讲稿第五页，共五十三页Trojan horse特洛伊木马tower of ivory象牙之塔sour grapes酸葡萄Sphinxs riddle斯芬克斯之谜as wise as Solomon像所罗门一样聪明a Judas kiss犹大之吻crocodile tears鳄鱼眼泪本讲稿第六页，共五十三页in a pigs whisper低声地；顷刻间draw blood伤人感情；惹人生气hang on sbs lips对某人言听计从to be full of beans精神旺盛；精力充沛get cold feet开始感到怀疑、胆怯或害怕bury ones head in the san
3、d采取鸵鸟政策本讲稿第七页，共五十三页套译法castle in the air 空中楼阁a bolt from the blue晴天霹雳ones hair stand on end毛发倒竖、毛发尽竖after ones own heart正中下怀kill the goose that lays the golden eggs杀鸡取卵本讲稿第八页，共五十三页talk through ones hat胡言乱语；信口开河neither fish nor fowl不伦不类no respecter of persons一视同仁hole and corner偷偷摸摸；鬼鬼祟祟call a spade a
4、spade直言不讳本讲稿第九页，共五十三页判断pull sbs leg 拉后腿move heaven and earth 翻天覆地childs play 儿戏eat ones words 食言本讲稿第十页，共五十三页涸泽而渔 to drain a pond to catch all the fish (相当于kill the goose that lays the golden eggs)打草惊蛇 to stir up the grass and alert the snake (相当于wake a sleeping dog)易如反掌 to be as easy as turning over
5、 ones hand (相当于as easy as falling off a log)挥金如土 to spend money like dirt (相当于spend money like water)本讲稿第十一页，共五十三页声东击西 to shout in the east and strike in the west刻骨铭心 to be engraved on ones heart and bones井底之蛙 to be like a frog at the bottom of a well调虎离山 to lure the tiger from the mountain口蜜腹剑 to b
6、e honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted本讲稿第十二页，共五十三页劳苦功高 to have spent toilsome labor and won distinctive merits屡教不改 to fail to mend ones ways after repeated admonition牢不可破 to be so strongly built as to be indestructible攻其不备 to strike sb.When he is unprepared史无前例 to be without precedent in history本讲稿第十三页
7、，共五十三页粗枝大叶 译文1：with big branches and large leaves 译文2：to be crude and careless无孔不入 译文1：to get into every hole 译文2：to take advantage of every weakness扬眉吐气 译文1：to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath 译文2：to feel proud and elated本讲稿第十四页，共五十三页东施效颦试比较：译文1：crude imitation with ludicrous effect译文2：Dong
8、Shi imitating Xi Shi.Xi Shi was a famous beauty in the ancient Chinese Kingdom of Yue.Dong Shi was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her ways.译文3：ugly woman trying to imitate a famous beauty knitting her brows-blindly copying others and making oneself look foolish 本讲稿第十五页，共五十三页叶公好龙译文1：Lord Ye who cl
9、aimed to be fond of dragons was scared out of his wits when a real one appeared.译文2：professed love of what one really fears 本讲稿第十六页，共五十三页倾国倾城译文1：(a lady)whose beauty would overthrow a kingdom-exceedingly beautiful译文2：to be exceedingly beautiful本讲稿第十七页，共五十三页罄竹难书译文1：(of crimes)so numerous that bamboo
10、strips would be exhausted before they could all be recorded译文2：(of crimes)too numerous to mention;too numerous to be listed 本讲稿第十八页，共五十三页套译法小题大做 make a mountain out of a molehill赴汤蹈火 go through fire and water过河拆桥 kick down the ladder洗心革面 turn over a new leaf七颠八倒 at sixes and sevens魂不附体 jump out of o
11、nes skin本讲稿第十九页，共五十三页谚语的翻译谚语的翻译本讲稿第二十页，共五十三页英语谚语：1)Out of sight,out of mind.2)Easy come,easy go.3)Like father,like son.汉语谚语：1）留得青山在，不愁没柴烧。2）一瓶子水不响，半瓶子水乱晃。3）学好千日不足，学坏一日有余。本讲稿第二十一页，共五十三页直译试比较：1）If you run after two hares,you will catch neither.译文1：同时追两兔，全都抓不住。译文2：同时干两事，全都干不好。2）初生牛犊不怕虎。译文1：New-born cal
12、ves make little of tigers.译文2：Young people are fearless.本讲稿第二十二页，共五十三页原文：Forbidden fruit is sweet.译文：禁果分外甜。原文：城门失火，殃及池鱼。译文：A fire on city wall brings disaster to the fish in the moat.本讲稿第二十三页，共五十三页1）Every man has a fool in his sleeve.译文1：人人袖子里都装着个傻瓜。译文2：人人都有糊涂的时候。2）When Greek meets Greek,then comes
13、the tug of war.译文1：希腊人遇上希腊人，定有一场好斗。译文2：两雄相争，其斗必烈。本讲稿第二十四页，共五十三页3）塞翁失马，安知非福？译文1：When the old man on the frontier lost his mare,who could have guessed it was a blessing in disguise?译文2：A loss may turn out to be a gain.4）此地无银三百两。译文1：No 300 taels of silver buried here.译文2：A guilty person gives himself a
14、way by conspicuously protesting his innocence.本讲稿第二十五页，共五十三页注意原文：大伯笑呵呵地对我说：“我们北方人都喜欢睡炕，你也将就点吧。俗话说：入乡随俗嘛。”译文：Uncle said to me smilingly,“We northerners like to sleep on our kangs.Youll have to put up with it.As the proverb goes,Do as the Romans do.”本讲稿第二十六页，共五十三页试比较：1）Waste not,want not.译文1：不浪费，不愁缺。译
15、文2：俭以防匮。2）A good beginning makes a good ending.译文1：有了好的开头，才有好的结果。译文2：欲善其终必先善其始。本讲稿第二十七页，共五十三页试比较：1）Men may meet but mountains never.译文1：人和人总会相遇，山和山无法碰头。译文2：人也许会相见，可是山头却不会。2）Who has never tasted bitter,knows not what is sweet.译文1：不尝黄连苦，怎知蜂蜜甜。译文2：一个从来没有尝过苦味道的人是不知道什么叫甜味的。本讲稿第二十八页，共五十三页惯用语的翻译惯用语的翻译本讲稿第二
16、十九页，共五十三页 连根拔 tear up by the roots 走后门 get in by the back door 走下坡路 go downhill 一窝蜂 like a swarm of bees 及时雨 timely rain 九牛二虎之力 the strength of nine bulls and two tigers 病急乱投医 turn to any doctor one can find when critically ill本讲稿第三十页，共五十三页 卷铺盖 pack up and quit 饱眼福 feast ones eyes on sth.单打一 concent
17、rate on one thing only 咬耳朵 whisper in sb s ear 扇阴风，点鬼火 fan the winds of evil and spread the fires of turmoil本讲稿第三十一页，共五十三页 门外汉 译文1：a man outside the gate 译文2：a layman 小广播 译文1：a small broadcast station 译文2：spreading of hearsay information 风凉话 译文1：cold words 译文2：irresponsible and sarcastic remarks本讲稿第
18、三十二页，共五十三页 扣帽子 译文1：put a cap on sb.译文2：put a label on sb.寻短见 译文1：for a short view 译文2：commit suicide 炒冷饭 译文1：fry the cold rice 译文2：dish up the same old stuff本讲稿第三十三页，共五十三页赔了夫人又折兵 译文1：give ones enemy a wife and lose ones soldiers as well 译文2：suffer a double loss instead of making a gain本讲稿第三十四页，共五十三页
19、不到黄河心不死译文1：Not stop until one reaches the Yellow River译文2：not stop until one reaches ones goal 说曹操曹操就到译文1：mention Cao Cao and there he is 译文2：talk of the devil and he will appear本讲稿第三十五页，共五十三页套套译译(1)拍马屁 lick sbs boots(2)绕圈子 beat about the bush(3)摆架子 put on airs(4)露马脚 let the cat out of the bag(5)戴高帽
20、子 flatter sb本讲稿第三十六页，共五十三页例：（1）开绿灯 give the green light(2)泼冷水 pour cold water on(3)唱反调 sing a different tune(4)试金石 touchstone本讲稿第三十七页，共五十三页例：（1）敲诈勒索（成语）blackmail and impose exactions upon敲竹杠（惯用语）overcharge;fleece;soak(2)趋炎附势（成语）hurry to the glorious and hang on to the influential抱粗腿（惯用语）latch on to
21、the rich and powerful本讲稿第三十八页，共五十三页(3)一扫而空（成语）sweep clean at one attempt连锅端（惯用语）get rid of the whole lot(4)狼狈为奸(成语)act in collusion with each other穿连裆裤（惯用语）work hand in glove with本讲稿第三十九页，共五十三页（1）Hait hasnt got a mind of his own on any matter of importance;he just goes with the tide.译文：海特在任何重要问题上都没有
22、自己的主见，他只是随大流。（2）They didnt give him a raise,though he had licked his bosss boots for years.译文：尽管他这几年一直拍他老板的马屁，但他们并没有给他涨工资。（3）“Now stop playing tricks,or Ill shoot you at once,”the big man threatened and raised his gun.译文：这个大汉举起枪，威胁道：“别耍花招了，要不马上就崩了你！”本讲稿第四十页，共五十三页歇后语的翻译歇后语的翻译本讲稿第四十一页，共五十三页1）“咱们俩的事，一条
23、绳拴着两蚂蚱，谁也跑不了！”“Were like two grasshoppers tied to one cord:neither can get away!”2）这件事，除了他三儿子和几个经手的人以外，谁也不知道。他也不对任何人提起。哑巴吃黄连，有苦说不出。No one knew of these transactions apart from his youngest son and the few people who had handled them,nor was he going to mention the matter to anyone else.He was like t
24、he dumb man eating the bitter herb:he had to suffer the bitterness of it in silence.本讲稿第四十二页，共五十三页1）“你可倒好！肉包子打狗，一去不回头啊！”她的嗓门很高，和平日在车场与车夫们吵嘴时一样。“Well,you certainly are a guy!A dog given a bone who doesnt come back for more!”Her voice was as loud as when she bawled out at the rickshaw men in the yard.
25、本讲稿第四十三页，共五十三页2）“老混蛋，你吃的河水，倒管的宽，这是你说话的地方？”“Old bastard,poking your nose into things that dont concern you!Who wants your opinion?”3）他心里像有十五个吊桶打水，七上八下地不安宁。It was as if the sword of Damocles hung over him.本讲稿第四十四页，共五十三页1）穷棒子闹翻身，是八仙过海，各显其能。译文：When we pass from the old society to the new,each of us show
26、s his true worth.2）等他们赶来增援时，已是“正月十五贴门神晚了半月啦”。译文：But they were too late for a rescue.本讲稿第四十五页，共五十三页1）可是谭招弟心中却想：骑着毛驴看书走着瞧吧，看究竟是啥原因。But Tan Zhaodi was still thinking to herself.“Lets wait and see what the reason for it turns out to be in the end.”2）“对新药业，老实讲，我是擀面杖吹火一窍不通。”“To be quite honest with you,I
27、dont know the first thing about the modern drug business,”本讲稿第四十六页，共五十三页1）“我是想：孔夫子搬家，净是输（书），心里真有点点干啥的。”“Only I feel bad when we lose every fight.”2）“我在店里呢，是灯草拐杖，做不得主（柱）的。”“My position in the company doesnt permit me to make a decision individually.”本讲稿第四十七页，共五十三页俚语的翻译俚语的翻译本讲稿第四十八页，共五十三页俚语可分三类：委婉语，赌咒
28、语和粗俗语。本讲稿第四十九页，共五十三页委婉语怀孕She is five months gone.To wear the apron highbe in a delicate conditiona lady-in-waiting 本讲稿第五十页，共五十三页诅咒语damn（原意为“上帝降罚”、“使入地狱”）Ill be damned if I do.我要是干这事，就不是人！God damn you!(Damn you!)混账！该死的！Damn it!该死的！他妈的！糟了！Damn thus work(rain)!讨厌的工作（雨）！Grammar be damned!去他妈的语法！本讲稿第五十一页
29、，共五十三页hellNo need to worry;to hell with all this.不必操心；让这一切见鬼去吧！Get the hell out of here!快滚开！What the hell do you want?你到底要什么？This is a hell of a place.这个鬼地方！本讲稿第五十二页，共五十三页粗俗语Oh,fuck!Ive lost the address.哦，见鬼！我把地址给丢了。Who has fucked up the TV?谁他妈的把电视机搞坏了？Dont talk crap(shit)!不要胡说八道！小妇养的！动了兵器了！Sons of bitches!Theyre using weapons now.王八蛋们，怎么又在这碰上啦？You devils,so we meet again!他妈的，你们有话就说吧！If you have something to say,say it,damn you!本讲稿第五十三页，共五十三页