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1、高考英语倒装结构考点归纳高考英语倒装结构考点归纳倒装有两种情况：倒装有两种情况：1.1.1.1.部分倒装部分倒装部分倒装部分倒装 (主语和助动词倒置主语和助动词倒置)为什么要使用倒装结构？为什么要使用倒装结构？2.2.2.2.全部倒装全部倒装全部倒装全部倒装 (主语和谓语完全倒置主语和谓语完全倒置)一是为了语法结构一是为了语法结构的的需要；需要；二是为了的意义表达需要。二是为了的意义表达需要。1 1、句句句句子子子子谓谓谓谓语语语语是是是是gogo，comecome，run run 等等等等表表表表示示示示位位位位置置置置的的的的动动动动词词词词和和和和bebe动动动动词词词词，句句句句中中中
2、中又又又又有有有有表表表表示示示示方方方方位位位位或或或或时时时时间间间间的的的的副副副副词词词词(如如如如therethere，herehere，upup，downdown，outout，inin，awayaway，then,then,nownow等等等等)，为为为为了了了了突突突突出出出出后后后后来来来来新新新新鲜鲜鲜鲜的的的的信信信信息息息息，可可可可将将将将其其其其放放放放于于于于句句句句首首首首，而而而而将将将将谓谓谓谓语语语语动动动动词词词词全全全全部部部部置置置置于于于于主主主主语之前。如语之前。如语之前。如语之前。如:Here comes the train to Beijin
3、g.去北京的火车来了。去北京的火车来了。There goes the bell.铃响了。铃响了。Down came the rain.下雨了。下雨了。Out rushed the students the moment the bell rang.Now comes your turn.该你了。该你了。Then happened an accident.当时发生了一个事故。当时发生了一个事故。但主语是人称代词时，主语仍置于动词之前。但主语是人称代词时，主语仍置于动词之前。Away he comes.他来了。他来了。2 2、为为了了突突出出后后来来新新鲜鲜的的信信息息，或或为为了了保保持持句句子
4、子平平衡衡或或上上下下文文衔衔接接紧紧密密，可可将将状状语语或或表表语语置置于于句句首首，句句中中主主语语和和谓谓语完全倒装。如语完全倒装。如:Between the two buildings stands a tall tree.At the front of the hall sat the headmaster.坐在大厅前部的是校长。坐在大厅前部的是校长。(The headmaster sat at the front of the hall.校长坐在大厅的前部校长坐在大厅的前部。)At the front of the hall sat the headmaster,who woul
5、d make a speech.Gone are the days when we were free from cares and worries.Present at the meeting was Mr.Liu,who taught us physics.v3、为了强调、为了强调only及其所修饰的状语及其所修饰的状语(通常是通常是副词、介词短语或从句副词、介词短语或从句)，则将它们移到句首，则将它们移到句首，句中的主谓作部分倒装。句中的主谓作部分倒装。vOnly then did we realize that the man was blind.v 直到那时我们才发现那个人是盲人。直
6、到那时我们才发现那个人是盲人。v Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.v 直到直到1918年战争结束后，他才得以愉快地重年战争结束后，他才得以愉快地重返工作岗位。返工作岗位。4、将将含含有有否否定定意意义义的的副副词词(never，seldom，not，little，hardly等等)置置于于句句首首以以示示强强调调时时，句句中中的的主主谓谓作作部部分分倒倒装装。如如:Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.5、为为了
7、了强强调调“not a+名名词词”或或“not a single+名名词词”结结构构，将其置于句首时，句中的主谓作部分倒装。如将其置于句首时，句中的主谓作部分倒装。如:Not a word did he say at the last meeting.一生中我很少见到如此果断的人。一生中我很少见到如此果断的人。在上次会议上他一句话都没说在上次会议上他一句话都没说6、Hardlywhen，No soonerthan，Scarcelywhen,not onlybut also引引导导两两个个分分句句时时，将将前前一一个个分分句句中中的的主主谓作部分倒装，后一个分句中的主谓语序不变。如谓作部分倒装，
8、后一个分句中的主谓语序不变。如:Hardly had he begun to speak when his father stopped him.他刚开口发言就被父亲制止了。他刚开口发言就被父亲制止了。No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.我刚刚离开家就下雨了。我刚刚离开家就下雨了。Not only can bicycling help reduce vehicle emissions,but it also can save energy.但但 neither/notnor 引导引导两个分句时两个分句时，这两个分句中，这两个分
9、句中的主谓均要倒装。如的主谓均要倒装。如:Neither do I know her address，nor does he.我不知道她的地址，他也不知道我不知道她的地址，他也不知道.7、在在“so+形形容容词词副副词词that分分句句”结结构构中中，如如将将“so+形形、副副”置置于于句句首首以以示示强强调调时时，其其后后的的系系动动词词be则则要要移移到到主主语语前前面面，形形成成主主谓谓的的完完全全倒倒装装。，如如果果是是行行为为动动词词采采用用部分倒装如部分倒装如:So moved was she that she could not say a word.(She was so mo
10、ved that she could not say a word.)她激动得一句话也说不出来。她激动得一句话也说不出来。So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.他的声音那么大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。他的声音那么大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。需要使用倒装的情况常见于下列句型需要使用倒装的情况常见于下列句型:1、“So+助助动动词词+主主语语”是是一一种种常常用用于于对对前前面面所所说说的的肯肯定内容表示同样看法的句型。如定内容表示同样看法的句型。如:I was late and
11、so was she.我迟到了，她也迟到了。我迟到了，她也迟到了。They love making lots of friends,so do those with disabilities.他们喜欢广交朋友，残疾人也一样。他们喜欢广交朋友，残疾人也一样。2、“Neither/Nor+助助动动词词+主主语语”是是用用于于对对前前面面所所说说的否定内容表示同样看法的句型。如：的否定内容表示同样看法的句型。如：She wont go.Neither/Nor will I.她不走，我也不。她不走，我也不。I cannot swim.Neither can he(swim).我我不不会会游游泳泳，他他
12、也不会。也不会。3、当当if引引导导的的虚虚拟拟条条件件从从句句中中含含有有had，were或或should等等时时，如如将将if省省略略，则则要要将将had，were或或should等等移移到到主主语语前前，作部分或完全倒装。作部分或完全倒装。Had you come yesterday，you would have seen him.(If you had come yesterday,you would have seen him.)若你昨天来，你就会见到他了。若你昨天来，你就会见到他了。4.as引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句,常常提前提前置于句首置于句首 Pretty as Ma
13、ry is,she is not clever.注注:如果表语是单数可数名词如果表语是单数可数名词,该词前一般不加冠词该词前一般不加冠词 Child as he is,he knows a lot.倒装结构随堂练：倒装结构随堂练：1._ smoking,he would not have got cancer in the lung.A.Was he given up B.Had he given up C.Did he give up D.If he gave up2.So funny _that everyone burst into laughter.A.she looked B.was
14、 she looking C.did she look D.had she looked3.Not once in these years _ the prices of these products.A.we changed B.have we changed C.did we change D.we have changed 4.“Why cant I smoke?“At no time _ in the meeting-room.”A.does smoking is permitted B.is smoking permitted C.smoking is permitted D.per
15、mits smoking5.In such a hurry _ his office that he forgot to lock the door.A.did he leave B.he left C.he had left D.has he left6.Only after _ reached eighteen _ join the army.A.have you;you can B.have you;can you C.you have;you can D.you have;can you 7.Nowhere else in the world _ more friendly peopl
16、e than in China.A.you will find B.can you be able to find C.you may have found D.can you find8.Not until 1998 _ back to his hometown.A.came he B.that he came C.did he come D.that he did come9.Hardly _ when it started raining.A.the game had begun B.the game began C.did the game begin D.had the game b
17、egun 10.So little _ agree on the plan that they could not settle the differences.A.did they B.do they C.they did D.they did not11.Only after I read the text over again _ its main idea.A.that I knew B.did I know C.I could know D.I did know12.Little _ when I took the trip where it would lead me.A.have
18、 I known B.had I known C.do I know D.did I know13._ did the students realize they were mistaken.A.It was until B.It was not until then C.Not until then D.Not until14.Only by reading a lot _ progress in English.A.you can make B.can you make C.will you able to make D.can make you15.Seldom _ time to go
19、 shopping these days.A.did I have B.do I have C.have I D.I have十三、十三、as引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句,常置于句首常置于句首,用倒装用倒装 Pretty as Mary is,she is not clever.注注:如果表语是单数可数名词如果表语是单数可数名词,该词前一般不加冠词该词前一般不加冠词 Child as he is,he knows a lot.十四、为了十四、为了保持句子平衡保持句子平衡,或使上下文连接更紧或使上下文连接更紧,可把可把介词短语介词短语,形容词短语形容词短语,副词或分词提前到主语前副词或分
20、词提前到主语前,用全部倒装用全部倒装 On the ground lay an old sick goal.Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting.二、在二、在there be/live/lie句型中，用全部倒装句型中，用全部倒装 There are some books on the desk.There lived an emperor many years ago.三、在以三、在以there,here,now,then+be/come/go/lie/stand/sit+主语的句子中主语的句子中,要全部倒装要全部倒装 Here comes the bus.Then came the time we had been looking forward to.注注:主语是代词则不用倒装主语是代词则不用倒装 Here you are.Here he comes.Summer begins in June.Then comes July.