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1、必修第一册Unit4综合测试英语试卷参考答案第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）【答案】1 5.CBAAC6 10.BACBA11 15.AACBC16 20.CBCAB第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）A,【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，辍学的威廉不能去学校，他把村图书馆作为他 的学校，看到了使用能量这本书，他运用从书中所学的知识建造了一个发电风车来帮助 他的家人摆脱干旱。21 .【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。结合上文“威廉看到了使用能量这本书后，收集零件建造发电风 车”和倒数第二段中的 “As the wind whipped
2、 around him, the blades began to turn, slowly at first, then faster and faster. The light bulb flickered （闪烁），then flashed to life. ” （当风吹来时，刀刃 开始慢慢地转动，然后越来越快。灯泡闪烁，然后闪着生命。），可知威廉读了使用能量 之后，决定建造发电风车，利用风来发电，最后成功了。故选A项。22 .【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。由第三段中的 He couldn,t help picturing his own windmill in mind, but col
3、lecting the parts and tools he needed would take months. In a junkyard, he dug through piles of used metal, old cars, and worn-out tractors, searching for anything that might help him construct his machine.（他忍不住想象自己的风车，但收集他需要的零件和工具需要几个月。在一个垃 圾场，他挖了成堆的旧金属、旧车和破旧的拖拉机，寻找任何能帮助他建造机器的东西。） 和第四段中的 uEarning s
4、ome money, he paid a blacksmith to attach the piston （活塞）to the pedal sprocket （踏板链轮）of an old bicycle frame.”（他挣了些钱，付钱给一个铁匠把活塞装到旧自 行车架上的踏板链轮上。），结合上文可知，因为没钱，威廉辍学，但看了使用能量这 本书后，他决定建造发电风车，他花了儿个月时间在垃圾场收集需要的零件，又赚钱请人帮 忙，最后终于成功建造了发电风车，纵使困难重重，威廉并未放弃，说明他是一个意志坚定 的（Determined）人。故选B项。23 .【答案】BW： I know, but I h
5、ave no shoes to match my new dress.Text 5M： Anna, you can have one of these cans of orange if you like.W： No, thanks. Tve got a bottle of water. I want to buy an apple.M： OK. Til keep the place for you.Text 6M： Hello. Can I help you?W： Oh, hello. Yes. I want something to wear at a conference.M： So,
6、you,re looking for something quite smart.W： Yes. Some kind of business suit.Hmm, this is nice. Is this one on sale?M： Yes, it is. Theres a 25% reduction on this one. It a real bargain.W： Hmm. Its still a bit expensive for me. Is there a discount for cash?M： Oh, no. Im sorry.W： Oh, well. Can I try it
7、 on?M： Yes, of course. The changing room is just over there.W ： Thanks.Text 7W： Would you like some tea or coffee?M： No, thank you. Its very late now. And I have to finish some work. I wont sleep well if I drink some tea or coffee. Til have some water.W： OK. Dont work too late, dear. You must get so
8、me sleep.M ： I know, but I have to finish these reports tonight. My boss will use them at the meeting tomorrow morning.W： Can I help you do something?M： No, Im afraid you cant. Just turn down the TV a little so that it wont be too loud.W： I will. I do hope you finish the reports soon and get some sl
9、eep.M： Dont worry. It wont take me long.Text 8W： What do you usually do when you come across some trouble?M： I just sleep on it.W ： Pardon? What do you mean by that?M： I have a good nights sleep with the trouble in my mind.W ： Does that work well?M： Yes. A problem that seems impossible might appear
10、more manageable.W： So you mean you can solve the problems after a sleep?M： Not exactly. But a good sleep might improve insight and problem solving.W ： How come it improves your ability of solving problems?M： Well, when you sleep on a problem, your brain acts on the memories and the insight increases
11、.W ： So people have to have a memory of the problem in their brains?M： Yes. Though it is still a mystery, people do believe that sleep can improve creative thinking. Text 9M： Ivy, how do you like your new apartment?W： Well, I wish I hadnt moved in. The man who lives upstairs often plays the piano ti
12、ll midnight.I really cannot stand it.M： Why dont you ask him to stop?W： Ive tried, but it doesnt work. He never listens to me. Whats worse, he isnt the only one that I cannot stand. The woman who lives across the hall often comes over to borrow things, but she seldom returns anything.M： Then dont le
13、nd her anything.W： Now I dont even open the door when she knocks, but it makes me uncomfortable. Im afraid Fil have to move again.M： You can move in with my sister Susan. The girl Jennifer who was sharing her apartment has moved out, so she has an extra room now.W： Thats great. Your sister is such a
14、 good girl. Everyone likes her. Til call her and move as soon as possible. After all, I need to sleep very well every night in order to do well in the coming exam.Text 10Childrens education is changing very rapidly today. In the past, teachers made children sit still for hours. They made them memori
15、ze all sorts of things. In other words, the children had to go on repeating things until they knew them by heart. Today, many teachers wonder if it is possible to make children learn at all. They say you must let children learn and discover things by themselves.But for some children, school is a kin
16、d of prison. They are there only because their parents make them go. They get out of the classroom as soon as the teacher lets them leave. Many of them want to find jobs but the law will not allow them to work until they reach a certain age. And so, they have to stay in school. Often they do not lea
17、rn anything at all and hate every moment.【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的u As the wind whipped around him, the blades began to turn, slowly at first, then faster and faster. The light bulb flickered （I闪烁），then flashed to life.”（当风吹来时，刀刃开始慢慢地转动，然后越来越快。灯泡闪烁，然后闪着生命。），可知 威廉建造的发电风车第一次就成功发电了。故选B项。24 .【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。第一段
18、讲“因为没钱，威廉辍学了，但他还想学习”，第二段讲“看 了使用能量这本书后，他决定建造发电风车”，第三四段讲“威廉收集建造发电风车的 零件和工具”,第五六段讲“威廉建造的发电风车成功发电了”,最后一段讲“威廉建造的 发电风车帮助他的家人摆脱了干旱可知文章主要讲威廉运用从书中所学的知识建造了一 个发电风车，利用风来发电，帮助他的家人摆脱干旱的故事，可以说是风带来了希望，拯救 了他们，A项“希望之风”符合文意。故选A项。B【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了 Skaar和Oksas在公司加班时，遭遇火灾，在所有努力无果的 时候，救援人员到达救了她们的故事。25 .【答案】D【解析】细节理角星题。根据第四段中
19、u But when they got to the hallway, they were met by a cloud of black smoke. Rushing back, Skaar shut the door and filled the space at the bottom of the door with her jacket to keep the smoke out.,可知,她们赶紧跑回去关上了门。故选D。26 .【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中aHopeless, they tried to break the windows, but the glass
20、 was not breakable.”可知，她们想打破玻璃，但没有成功。故选B。27 .【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据文中Skaar一系列的自救行动可知，面对危险时，她保持了冷静。故选CoC【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍一场暴风雨袭击了休斯敦，引发了大量降水和洪 水泛滥，当地政府提醒人们居家注意安全。【解析】段落大意题。根据第一段最后两句和第二段中Cars could not pass through any of the areas9 main roadways.可知，两段主要在描写大量降水导致休斯敦城市内洪水泛滥造成的后 果，C选项“泛滥的洪水袭击了休斯敦”符合文意。故选C项
21、。29 .【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，两年前席卷得克萨斯州的飓风造成了巨大 的财产损失和人员伤亡。故选B项。30 .【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段第三句并结合该段内容可知，人们在周三能稍微松口气, 但这一周后面几天降水将会继续，届时洪水必然会再次泛滥。故选D项。31 .【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段Samuel所说的话可知，他希望人们注意安全，并鼓励 他们待在家里，与A选项“Stay indoors.”含义一致。故选A项。D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述的是封闭的人，不考虑任何矛盾的事实，坚决地、 严守秘密地按照计划行事，全速前进。文中用
22、1986年“挑战者”号航天飞机遇难以及2003 年，哥伦比亚号航天飞机在重返地球大气层时解体来说明这种观点带来的严重后果，并呼吁 人们大家对任何可能出现的新事实持开放的态度，如果每个人都有这样的态度，世界将会变 得更加美好和安全。32 .【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段 “ They explained that some of the seals on the fuel tanks were not designed to withstand such low temperatures and might leak under pressure, thus endangering
23、 the craft and crew.”他们解释说，燃料箱上的一些密封装置不能承受如此低的温 度，在压力下可能会泄漏，从而危及飞船和船员。可知是油箱密封造成了挑战者号的灾难。 故选Co.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “As a result, with their minds absolutely closed to the facts presented by the engineers, NASA officials ordered the Challenger to take off. Seventy-three seconds later, the spacecraf
24、t was enveloped in flame.” 结果，NASA 的官员们完全不考虑工程 师们提供的事实，命令挑战者号起飞。73秒后，宇宙飞船被火焰包围。可知是政府官员命令 挑战者号如期发射。故选D项。33 .【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Incredibly, seventeen years later, the lesson of the Challenger disaster was repeated. ”令人难以置信的是，17年后，挑战者号灾难的教训再次出 现。和本段的 Lower-level engineers at NASA begged for photogr
25、aphs of the Columbia in orbit, which might have shown the extent of the damage, but their closed-minded superiors ignored their requests. It was the damage caused by the 1.7 pound chunk of insulation that doomed the Columbia. NASA的低层工程师们要求获得哥伦比亚号在轨道上的照片，这样可以显示损坏的程度，但 他们头脑封闭的上级忽略了他们的要求。正是这块1.7磅重的绝缘材料
26、造成的损坏导致了哥 伦比亚号的失事。可知同样是头脑封闭的上级忽略了低层工程师的要求，即如果上级对任何 可能出现的新事实持开放的态度，本次事故本可以避免。故选C项。34 .【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章第一段 u when the course taken shows all the signs of being the wrong one.”当所采取的路线显示出所有错误的迹象时；以及上句“There is no virtue in ignoring contradictory facts ”忽视相互矛盾的事实是没有好处的，划线部分和本句由and并列，故应 和“忽视相互矛盾的事实”意义相
27、近，故A项（固执己见）符合题意，故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了恐惧症的定义、来源和克服的方法。35 .【答案】G【解析】根据后文 u Sometimes its good to be aware of the possible dangers from things. Our brain warns us of the risks that might lie ahead, but then we often get prepared and overcome them. ” （有时候意识到事物的潜在危险是件好事。我们的大脑会
28、警告我们前方可能存在的风险，但 我们通常会有所准备并克服它们。）可知，此处是指对潜在危险产生意识，而此时危险尚未 发生，所以选项G（当某人对某种情况或物体产生一种不现实的危险感时，就会出现这种情 况。）切合文意。故选G。36 .【答案】C【解析】 前文 uOur fears are rooted in our brains-we dont need to learn to be afraid of animals like snakes or spiders.（我们的恐惧根植于我们的大脑一一我们不需要学会害怕像蛇或蜘蛛这样的动物。）中提至U fears, Jn u With a phobia,
29、 your breathing gets quicker, your pulse speeds up, you sweat and your brain is unable to control these reactions.?（患有恐惧症，你的呼吸会变快，脉搏加快，出汗，你的大脑无法控制这些反应。）中提到phobia,所以选项C （但是恐 惧症比恐惧更强烈。）比较这二者，所以切合文意。故选C。37 .【答案】B解析根据后文 “ Phobias usually are a copy behaviour from a higher authority, like a parent or tea
30、cher, or a kind of mental suffering from a past event that comes back to trouble you continuously.（恐惧症通常是一种来自上级（如父母或老师）的复制行为，或者是一种过 去事件的精神折磨，它会不断回来困扰你。）可知，此处是讲恐惧症的来源，所以选项B （但 是恐惧症是从哪里来的呢？）切合文意。故选B。38 .【答案】A【解析】根据后文 uTherapy （心理治疗）is one choice, where you gradually get used to whatever it is you fear
31、.（心理治疗是一种选择，你可以逐渐习惯你所恐惧的东西。）可知，此处是指 如何克服恐惧症。所以选项A （那么怎样才能克服它们呢？）切合文意。故选A。39 .【答案】D【解析】根据前文“But if you do have a phobia, continually trying to avoid what you,re afraid of by yourself is likely to make the situation worse（但如果你确实有恐惧症，不断地试图避开 你自己害怕的东西只会让情况变得更糟）可知，此处是讲不断地试图避开你自己害怕的东西 是错的，选项D （正确的做法是寻求帮助来
32、克服它。）又讲出正确的做法，所以切合文意。 故选D。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每题1分，满分15分）【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了在这个令人不快的新冠肺炎疫情时期有的国家 提倡拥抱树木。40 .【答案】C【解析】由该空后的in the middle of the night以及下文的I jumped out of bed可知，作者听 到有人喊“着火了!着火了!”就“醒来（woke up） To.【答案】D【解析】由该空后的the sort that burns easily可知,这是一座很大的“木制（wooden） ”房 屋。【解析】由该空
33、后的stepped out into the passage可知，作者“打开(opened) ”门，来到了 走廊。44 .【答案】C【解析】由于作者还是半睡半醒状态，没有朝楼梯而是朝相反的方向跑去了，故填insteadOfo45 .【答案】D【解析】由该空前的The smoke grew thicker可知，烟雾越来越浓，所以作者感到“呼吸 (breathe)困难。46 .【答案】A【解析】由该空后的for fresh air可知，作者试图靠近“窗户(window) ”以便呼吸新鲜空 气。47 .【答案】C【解析】由下文的The thingfeltlike a package of cloth
34、es可知，作者的一只脚被一些“软软 的(soft)”东西绊了一下。48 .【答案】D【解析】作者把它捡起来遮住“脸(face),以此来挡住烟和热气。49 .【答案】B【解析】由该空后的I fell through to the floor below可知，作者脚下的地板塌下去了，故填 broke o.【答案】C【解析】由该空后的there was a doorway in front可知，作者感到非常“幸运(Luckily) ”， 逃生有望了。50 .【答案】D【解析】由下文的【reached the cold air outside可知，尽管作者的脚被严重烧伤，但还是“冲 出来(got th
35、rough) ” 了 o【答案】B【解析】由下文的I nearly dropped it in surprise和baby等信息可知，从作者手里的那捆衣服 里传出了 “哭声(cry) ”。【解析】由下文的“My baby! My baby! ” shecried.可知，这位妇女看到自己的孩子被救出 来，“发疯（madly） ”似的跑了过来。54 .【答案】C【解析】“当（as） ”她从作者手中接过那个被烟熏黑的包裹时，人们欢呼了起来。55 .【答案】D【解析】作者差点儿没有看出来她是谁，故填failed。第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了
36、世界上最致命的自然灾害之一一一地震，它给 人们带来的灾难以及为研究地震科学家所付出的努力。56 .【答案】them【解析】考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据 than可知用比较级,故填longero.【答案】terribly【解析】考查副词。句意：然后，大地剧烈地震动，许多房屋倒塌。句中shakes是谓语动词， 应用副词修饰。故填terribly。57 .【答案】in【解析】考查介词。句意：作为世界上最致命的自然灾害之一，地震经常导致许多人受伤或 死亡。result in导致，造成。故填in。58 .【答案】struck【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在2008
37、年，一场可怕的地震袭击了中国四川省，造成了严 重的人员伤亡。根据In2008可知，句子用一般过去时，动词strike的过去式是struck。故填 struck o.【答案】caused【解析】考查过去分词。句意：除了地震造成的巨大破坏和死亡,其他事故如火灾经常随之而 来。句中the great damage and deaths和cause之间是被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。 故填 causedo.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：例如，大约2,000年前,一位名叫张衡的中国科学家发明了一种机 器，这种机器可以弄清地震波的方向。这里表示“一位名叫张衡的中国科学家”，表泛指,Chinese
38、 是以辅音音素开头的词,应用不定冠词a。故填a。59 .【答案】causes【解析】考查名词复数。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因 的心脏病和早亡。空格处做from的宾语，前面有all可知，要用名词复数形式。故填causeso 63.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：例如，大约2,000年前，一位名叫张衡的中国科学家发明了一 种机器，这种机器可以弄清地震波是从哪里来的。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词machine, 指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，由关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。64 .【答案】development
39、【解析】考查名词。句意：随着现代科学技术的快速发展，我们现在对地震有了更多的了解。 空前rapid是形容词，修饰名词，故填developmento.【答案】to predict【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：然而，科学家们仍然难以准确预测地震发生的时间和地点， 我们也无法阻止地震的发生。句中第一个it是形式主语，此处动词不定式为真正的主语。故 填 to predicto第四部分写作（40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）【参考范文】Dear Sir/Madam,On June 17th, 2019, a bad earthquake measuring 6.0 on the Richter sc
40、ale hit my hometown, Yibin City, Sichuan province, leaving many houses in ruins. Yesterday our class had a discussion on how to rebuild the quake-stricken areas.We all hold the view that the quake-stricken areas will benefit a lot from the help offered from all over the country, as some areas are ba
41、dly in need of money and materials. In addition, the help from outside will greatly relieve those who, though alive, are suffering great sorrow and pain. Meanwhile, its vital that all the victims should act to help themselves. Through active participation in reconstruction, we will pull ourselves th
42、rough.Yours,Li Hua第二节读后续写（满分25分）【参考范文】Suddenly, from out of nowhere, a thin, elderly man appeared at my side. Shocked, I took a step back, but he said in a comforting voice, Everything is going to be alright79 He told me he heard about the disaster and came to help. Seeing everything inside was goin
43、g to be ruined, he went through the rain toward the house, trying to get a cover over the house. He climbed up to the roof, pulled out a cutting tool to cut off pieces of rubbery-looking material. Working swiftly, he fastened these pieces to the remaining roof.I watched him through the rain until I
44、remembered I was supposed to be saving my parents9 prized possessions. I went back inside and found some towels and plastic bags in a cupboard. Using the towels to dry off several photo albums and books, I placed these treasured items into the plastic bags for protection from the rain. Suddenly, I r
45、ealized it was no longer raining in the house. Looking up, I saw rubbery-looking material covering the roof. Hed done it. I was so grateful for his help because now I could save more of my parents cherished possessions. My parents were so grateful to have those precious memorials. The man was a ligh
46、t in the darkness.听力材料：Text 1W： Oh, no! Where are my car keys?M： Relax. Are they in your purse?W： No, they9re not. They9re gone.M： I bet they,re still on the table in the restaurant.Text 2W ： What do you do in your spare time?M： Oh, I read, watch TV, and sometimes go to the movies. How about you?W： I have just one一photography. Text 3M： I didnt go to bed until the basketball game was over.W ： Who won the game?M： The Philippines was beaten by China.Text 4W ： Honey, I need a new pair of shoes.M： Shoes? Maybe well need to buy another house for your shoes.