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1、为了使语言简洁或避免重复为了使语言简洁或避免重复,省略句中的一省略句中的一个或几个句子成分个或几个句子成分,这种语法现象称为省略。这种语法现象称为省略。(1)(I)Begyourpardon.(2)(It)Soundslikeagoodidea.(1)(Is)Anybodyhere?(2)(Isthere)AnythingIcandoforyou?主语主语谓语或谓语谓语或谓语的一部分的一部分A:WherehasMrSmithgone?B:Sorry,Idontknow(wherehehasgone.)(1)(Areyou)Hungry?(2)(Iwant)Orangejuice,please.
2、宾语宾语主语和谓语主语和谓语(或主语和谓语或主语和谓语的一部分）的一部分）A:Wouldyouliketocometotheparty?B:Idloveto(cometheparty.)Theydonotvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto(visittheirparents).不定式后不定式后省略动词省略动词动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同部分，只保留部分，只保留部分，只保留部分，只保留toto，但如果在省
3、略的不定式结构中含有，但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有，但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有，但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有bebe，have,havebeenhave,havebeen时，要保留这些词。时，要保留这些词。时，要保留这些词。时，要保留这些词。Areyougoingthere?Areyougoingthere?Yes,IdlikeYes,Idliketo.to.Hedidntgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto.Areyouanengineer?Areyouanengineer?No,butIwantNo,butIwanttoto.Hehasntfi
4、nishedthetaskyet.Hehasntfinishedthetaskyet.Well,heoughtWell,heought toto.(go(gothere).there).(givemethechance).(givemethechance).bebehavehave不定式中的省略不定式中的省略 AreyouleavingforBeijingthisAreyouleavingforBeijingthisSunday?Sunday?Ithinkso.Ithinkso.sosoImleavingforBeijingthisImleavingforBeijingthisSunday.S
5、unday.Tommustbefreetoday.Tommustbefreetoday.Ifso,hecanhelpus.Ifso,hecanhelpus.sosoheisfree.heisfree.主句中有一些成分被省略、而用主句中有一些成分被省略、而用soso或或notnot来代替来代替 Itisgoingtorain,isntit?Itisgoingtorain,isntit?Ihopenot.Ihopenot.notnotitisnotgoingtorain.itisnotgoingtorain.为了避免重复前面所说过的内容，可用替代词为了避免重复前面所说过的内容，可用替代词so/no
6、t代替代替肯定肯定/否定的否定的从句从句。常。常if或与动词或与动词believe,expect,guess,hope,suppose,think及及Imafraid等连用（等连用（注意：注意：肯定肯定时时上列动词都可与上列动词都可与so搭配，搭配，否定否定时时hopeguess只用只用Ihopenot和和Iguessnot形式形式，其余有两种，其余有两种否定式否定式，如：如：Ithinknot或或Idontthinkso.）-Doyouthinkitsgoingtorainovertheweekend?-_.A.IdontbelieveB.IdontbelieveitC.Ibelieveno
7、tsoD.IbelievenotWeallknow(that)theearthrunsaroundtheWeallknow(that)theearthrunsaroundthesun.sun.(that(that)宾语从句中的省略宾语从句中的省略宾语从句中常省略连词宾语从句中常省略连词thatthat，但当有两个并，但当有两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个列的宾语从句时，第二个thatthat则不能省略。则不能省略。Marysaid(that)sheisfromAmericanandMarysaid(that)sheisfromAmericanandthatthatsheis16yearsold.s
8、heis16yearsold.(that(that)定语从句中的省略定语从句中的省略在定语从句中，在定语从句中，that,which,whothat,which,who在从句中在从句中作宾语时可省略。作宾语时可省略。Ihaventreadthebook(that/which)youreIhaventreadthebook(that/which)yourereading.reading.(that/(that/which)which)Theman(that/who)yourfatherjusttalkedTheman(that/who)yourfatherjusttalkedtoisourEng
9、lishteacher,Mr.Smith.toisourEnglishteacher,Mr.Smith.(that/(that/who)who)状语从句中的省略状语从句中的省略在以在以when,while,oncewhen,while,once引导的时间状语从引导的时间状语从句及以句及以if,unlessif,unless引导的条件状语从句中引导的条件状语从句中和和though,althoughthough,although引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句中，中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句动词
10、时，从句中可省去中可省去“主语主语+be”部分部分。Whenaskedwhathehaddone,JohnWhenaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.justkeptsilent.Whenhewasaskedwhathehaddone,JohnWhenhewasaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.justkeptsilent.heheIfIfheheisfree,Jackwillgowithus.isfree,Jackwillgowithus.hewashewas Iffree,Jackwillgowithus.I
11、ffree,Jackwillgowithus.heisheis Unlessinvited,hewontcome.Unlessinvited,hewontcome.Unlessheisinvited,hewontcome.Unlessheisinvited,hewontcome.heheWhileheisdoinghousework,myWhileheisdoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.fatheroftenlistenstomusic.heisheis Whiledoinghousework,myWhiledoinghousework,m
12、yfatheroftenlistenstomusic.fatheroftenlistenstomusic.heisheishehe在以在以if if引导的非真实条件句中若含有引导的非真实条件句中若含有were,had,were,had,shouldshould时，常可以省略时，常可以省略if if而将而将were,had,shouldwere,had,should置于句首。置于句首。WereIyou,IdgivetheAIDSpatientahug.WereIyou,IdgivetheAIDSpatientahug.WereWereHadIalotofmoney,IdaidthepoorHad
13、Ialotofmoney,Idaidthepoorchildren.children.HadHadShouldtherebebird-flu,whatwouldwedo?Shouldtherebebird-flu,whatwouldwedo?ShouldShould虚拟条件句中的省略虚拟条件句中的省略IfIwereIfIwereyou,IdgivetheAIDSpatientahug.you,IdgivetheAIDSpatientahug.IfIhadalotofmoney,Idaidthepoorchildren.IfIhadalotofmoney,Idaidthepoorchildren
14、.Hesuggestweshouldsetoutrightaway.Hesuggestweshouldsetoutrightaway.(should(should)在含有表示在含有表示在含有表示在含有表示“命令、要求、建议、许可命令、要求、建议、许可命令、要求、建议、许可命令、要求、建议、许可”或或或或“禁止禁止禁止禁止”等意义的名词性从句中使用等意义的名词性从句中使用等意义的名词性从句中使用等意义的名词性从句中使用“should+should+should+should+动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形”表示虚拟语气的，表示虚拟语气的，表示虚拟语气的，表示虚拟语气的，shouldshould
15、shouldshould常可以省略。如：常可以省略。如：常可以省略。如：常可以省略。如：HissuggestionisthatweshouldsetoutHissuggestionisthatweshouldsetoutrightaway.rightaway.(should(should)TheorderthatweshouldstaywhereweTheorderthatweshouldstaywhereweareisveryseriousandsevere.areisveryseriousandsevere.(should(should)Itsveryimportantthatstuden
16、tsshouldItsveryimportantthatstudentsshouldstudyhardatschool.studyhardatschool.(should(should)Nowitsyourturntofindoutwhathavebeenleftout.1.Haventseenyouforages.2.Somemoretea?3.Soundslikeagoodidea.Ihaventseenyouforages.Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?That/Itsoundslikeagoodidea.省略一些不言自明的成分省略一些不言自明的成分 4.Dontmak
17、etoomuchnoise.5.Sorrytohearthat.Youdontmaketoomuchnoise.Imsorrytohearthat.6.Pityyoucouldntcome7.Thisway,please.Its/Whatapityyoucouldntcome.Stepthisway,please.在祈使句中，通常都省略主语在祈使句中，通常都省略主语you,you,有时还可省略句首动词有时还可省略句首动词8.Terribleweather!9.Joiningusforadrink?10.Goingtothesupermarket?Whatterribleweatheritis!
18、Areyoujoiningusforadrink?Areyougoingtothesupermarket?在提出问题时，往往可在提出问题时，往往可以省略句子的起首部分以省略句子的起首部分在感叹句中，有时可省略在感叹句中，有时可省略后面的主语和系动词后面的主语和系动词Exercises about Ellipsis.Exercises about Ellipsis.从从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if_regularly,canim
19、proveourhealth.A.beingcarriedoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout（浙江（浙江2010）2.Someofyoumayhavefinishedunitone._,youcangoontounittwo.A.IfyoumayB.IfyoudoC.IfnotD.Ifso（江西（江西2009）3.WhatsthematterwithDella?Well,herparentswouldntallowhertogototheparty,butshestill_.A.hopestoB.hopessoC.hopesnot D.hopesf
20、or（江苏（江苏2009）4.Haveyougotanyparticularplansforthecomingholiday?Yes._,Imgoingtovisitsomehomesfortheoldinthecity.A.Ifever B.IfbusyC.IfanythingD.Ifpossible（安徽（安徽2008）5.DoyouhaveanyideawhatPauldoesallday?AsIknow,hespendsatleastasmuchtimeplayingashe_.A.writesB.doeswritingC.iswritingD.doeswrite（重庆（重庆2007）
21、6.Weallknowthat,_,thesituationwillgetworse.A.notifdealtcarefullywithB.ifnotcarefullydealtwithC.ifdealtnotcarefullywithD.notifcarefullydealtwith（2007全国卷全国卷I）7.Donttaketoomuchofthemedicine;itdoesyoumoreharmthangoodifyou_.A.doB.takeC.likeD.have（江西（江西2007）8.Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskiingontheweekend._go
22、od.A.SoundB.SoundedC.SoundingD.Sounds（湖北（湖北2006）下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并改正。下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并改正。1.Ourhometownisnolongerwhatitusedto.2.WhenIintrouble,Ialwaysturntoherforhelp.3.Tompickedupacoinintheroadandhandedonetoapoliceman.be第一个第一个I后加后加am或去掉第一个或去掉第一个Iit4.Noonecanbearbeinglaughedinpublic.5.Whencomparingwiththe
23、sizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesntseembigatall.6.Thegoodswereorderedlastmonthhaventarrivedyet.atcomparedgoods后加后加that或去掉或去掉wereChoose the best answers.1)-Tomorrowisaholiday.Whyareyoudoingyourhomework?-IamdoingtheseexercisesnowsothatIwonthave_onSunday.A.itB.themC.forD.to2)-ShallIinviteAnntomyb
24、irthdaypartytomorrowevening?-Yes.Itllbefineifyou_.A.areB.canC.inviteD.do3)-Arentyouthemanager?-No,andI_A.dontwanttoB.dontwanttobeC.dontwantbeD.dontwant4)-Illbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?-Notatall_.A.IvenotimeB.IdrathernotC.IdlikeitD.Idbegladto5)-Wontyouhaveanothertry?-_.A.Yes,
25、IwillhaveB.Yes,IwonthaveC.Yes,IwontD.Yes,Iwill7)-Doyouthinkitwillsnowtomorrow?-_?A.IdontthinkB.No,IdontthinkC.IdontthinksoD.No,Idontso8)-Haveyoufedthecat?-No,but_.A.ImB.IamC.ImjustgoingD.Imjustgoingto9、Afterlivinginavillageforsolong,Kathywontwanttomovetoabigcity.Idontimagine_.A.soB.tooC.itD.that10、H
26、edressedupandwenttothepartyasif_.A.wasinvitedB.hadbeeninvitedC.invitedD.tobeinvitedAC11、Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskiingontheweekend._good.A.SoundB.SoundedC.SoundingD.Sounds12、Iremindedyounottoforgettheappointment._.A.SoyoudidB.SoIdonotC.SodidyouD.SodoIDA13、Georgeofferedabettersuggestiontomethan_.A.He
27、nrydidtoSmithB.thatofSmithsC.MichaelsD.whatCharlieofferedtome14、Thestudentsexpected_tobemorereviewingclassesbeforethefinalexams.A.thereB.itC.thatD.oneAA15、_broken,theglasscannotholdwater.A.OnceB.AfterC.OnD.Though16、WhatshouldIdowiththispassage?_themainideaofeachparagraph.A.FindingoutB.FoundoutC.Find
28、outDTofindout AC1(2010全国卷全国卷)Though_toseeus，theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.AsurprisingBwassurprisedCsurprisedDbeingsurprisedC跟踪练习跟踪练习2WhatsthematterwithDella?Well，herparentswouldntallowhertogototheparty，butshestill_.AhopestoBhopessoChopesnotDhopesforA3.Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?Yes，thereso
29、nepoint_wemustinsiston.AwhyBwhereChowD/D4.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and_allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.A.whyB.thatC.whenD.whereB5.Hehasmadealotoffilms,but_goodones.A.anyB.someC.fewD.manyC6.Excusemesir,whereisRoom301?Justaminute.IllhaveBob_youtoyourroom.A.showB.showsC.tosho
30、wD.showingA7.Heisratherdifficulttomakefriendswith，butthefriendshipofhis，_，istruerthananyother.AoncegainedBwhentogainCaftergainedDwhilegainingA8.Girlsusedtotakefeweradvancedmatchcoursesthanboysbutnowtheyaretakingjust_.AasmuchBtoomuchCasmanyDtoomanyC9.-Wheredidyougettoknowher?-Itwasonthefarm_weworked.
31、A.thereB.thatC.whereD.thereC10.Whatwouldhavehappened_,asfarastheriverbank?A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfartherC11.-ShallItellyourbestfriendswhathappenedtoyouyesterday?-_theyaskyouANotunlessBNotifCNotexceptDNothoughA12.foryourbrother,Iwouldnothavegone
32、toseeMr.Wang.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.IftheywerenotC13.Thoughthelittleboyisoftenmadebyhisbrother,hemadehisbrotheryesterday.A.cry；tocryB.crying；cryingC.cry；cryD.tocry；cryD14.Hesaidhissisterhadpassedtheentranceexaminationofcollege,andshewouldgotocollegeinabout20days.A.that；B.that；thatC.；D
33、.that；whichB15.Hehasntgonetotheofficeuptonow.Well,he.A.shouldB.oughttoC.oughttogoD.oughttohaveD16.Mr.Black,borninKentucky,livedandpracticedlawinMissouri.A.wasB.hewasC.althoughD.whohewasC17.What do you think made the girl so glad?a beautiful necklace.A.As she received B.Receiving C.Received D.Because of receivingB18.IfyougotoXian,youwillfindthepalacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly.A.supposingB.supposedC.tosupposeD.supposeBHomework1.GoovertheusageofEllipsis.2.FinishUsingstructuresonPage71Ex1,Ex2andEx3.