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1、 Ellipsis (省略）省略）为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分，略句中的一个或几个句子成分，这种语法现象称为省略。这种语法现象称为省略。Grammar Ellipsis (省略）省略）为了使语言简洁或避免重复为了使语言简洁或避免重复, 省略句中的一省略句中的一个或几个句子成分个或几个句子成分, 这种语法现象称为省略。这种语法现象称为省略。(1) (I) Beg your pardon.(2) (It) Sounds like a good idea.(1) (Is) Anybody here?(2) (Is there) Anything
2、I can do for you?主语主语谓语或谓语谓语或谓语的一部分的一部分A: Where has Mr Smith gone?B: Sorry, I dont know (where he has gone.)(1) (Are you) Hungry?(2) (I want) Orange juice, please.宾语宾语主语和谓语主语和谓语(或主语和谓语或主语和谓语的一部分）的一部分）A: Would you like to come to the party? B: Id love to (come the party.)They do not visit their paren
3、tsas much as they ought to (visittheir parents). 不定式后不定式后省略动词省略动词Read the following sentences and find out what have been left out.Exercise1.Like more beer? _like more beer?2.Havent seen you for ages. _havent seen you for ages.3.Sounds like a good idea. _sounds like a good idea.4.Sorry I couldnt go.
4、 _sorry I couldnt go. 5.Doesnt matter. _doesnt matter.Would you I It Im It 6.If he says hell come, he will . If he says hell come, he will_. 7.Going to the supermarket? _ going to the supermarket? 8.Pity you couldnt come. _pity you couldnt come. 9.Sounds good. _sounds good come ItsAre you It1. 不不定定式
5、的省略式的省略,有些动词后跟不定式作宾语时，可有些动词后跟不定式作宾语时，可将其动词省略，而保留将其动词省略，而保留to，这样的动词常见的有，这样的动词常见的有：在在 expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等等后面。如后面。如:I asked him to see the film，but he didnt want to.-Would you like to pass the exam?-I hope to.在在have, need, ought, be goi
6、ng, used等后面。等后面。在某些形容词在某些形容词pleased, glad, happy 等后等后面。面。-Will you join the game?-Id be glad to.如果不定式中含有如果不定式中含有be, have, have been,通通常保留常保留be, have,和和have been 。如。如:-He hasnt finished yet.-Well, he ought to have.-Are you a doctor?-No, but I want to be.两个或两个以上不定式并列，第一个带两个或两个以上不定式并列，第一个带to，后面，后面的省略的省
7、略to。My job is to look after the children and teach them English.当不定式作表语时，如果前面主语中出现实义动当不定式作表语时，如果前面主语中出现实义动词中词中do的各种形式，则不定式可省略。的各种形式，则不定式可省略。What he wants to do is go home.感官动词和使役动词后面作宾补的不定式要省略感官动词和使役动词后面作宾补的不定式要省略to（help后的后的to可带可不带）可带可不带）I saw a boy fall from the tree.Ill help you (to) do the work.介
8、词介词but/except 前面有动词前面有动词do,后面的不后面的不定式省略定式省略to.He can do nothing but lie down and sleep.2. 宾语从句中的省略宾语从句中的省略在在Im afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等作答句，后面常用省略形式等作答句，后面常用省略形式。-Do you think it will rain?-I guess so.常用表达：常用表达：I hope so/not.我希望我希望这样这样/不这样不这样。Im afraid so/not.恐怕恐怕如此如此/不如此不如此。I thi
9、nk/believe/guess/expect/imagine/suppose so.我认为我认为/相信相信/猜猜/希望希望/想象想象/认为这样。认为这样。I dont think/believe/imagine/suppose/expect so.= I think/believe/imagine/suppose/expect not.我认为我认为/不这样不这样宾语从句中常省略宾语从句中常省略that, 但多个宾语从句并列时但多个宾语从句并列时, 通常只省略第一个通常只省略第一个that。He said (that) the text was very important and that
10、we should learn it by heart.3.状语从句的省略：当状语从句的省略：当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时时,且从句中谓语动词包含且从句中谓语动词包含be或从句的主语是或从句的主语是it，常把从句，常把从句的主语和的主语和be省略。这些连词通常有省略。这些连词通常有： when, if ,even if, unless, once, until, than, as, as if.Once (he was) a teacher, he now works in a government office.Work hard when (you ar
11、e) young ,or youll regret.While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.He opened his mouth as if (he were ) to speak.Unless (it is) necessary, youd better not refer to the dictionary.条件从句中有条件从句中有should, were或或had时时,可以省略可以省略if, 但要将但要将should, were或或had提至句首。提至句首。 例如：例如：If I were you,
12、I would give it up.Were I you, I would give it up.1)- Arent you the manager? -No, and I_ A. dont want to B. dont want to be C. dont want be D. dont want2)- Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? -Not at all_. A. Ive no time B. Id rather not C. Id like it D. Id be glad t
13、o 3)-Do you think it will snow tomorrow? -_. A.I dont think B. No, I dont think C. I dont think so D. No, I dont so 4)-Have you fed the cat? -No, but_. A. Im B. I am C. Im just going D. Im just going to5.-Does your brother intend to study German? -Yes, he intends_. A/ B.to C.so D.that6. The boy want
14、ed to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 7. -What do you think made Mary so upset? -_her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losingB.A.C.8.If_,well continue our experiment after office hours. A.being nec
15、essary B.be necessary C.is necessary D.necessary10. Generally speaking, _according to directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when takenC. when to take D. when to be taken9.- Do you think its going to rain over the weekend? - _. A. I dont believe B. I dont believe itC. I believe not so D. I believe not D.D.B.