2023年江苏中考英语一轮复习专题03(7BU1-U4).docx

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1、专题03 7BU1-U4 一轮复习7B U1重难点知识梳理next to紧邻,在近旁1. the capital of的首都in the centre of. 在的中心2. shareshare动词,意为“合用,分享share sth with sb意为“与某人合用/分享某物own(Down形容词,意为“自己的”,常与形容词性物主代词连用ones own.意为“某人自己的.own还可以作动词,表示“拥有相当于have。owner是own的名词形式,意为“主人,拥有者”。(4) own常用的搭配还有:1) of onesown意为“属于某人自己的,自己独有的”。例如:He has a room

2、of his own .他有属于他自己的房间。2) on ones own意为“单独,独自”。例如:You can、expect him on his own.你不能期望他独自一个人做那件事。3. hundredhundred是数词,意为“百当表示具体的“几百”时,用“基数词+ hundred”,注意不加-s。拓展(1) hundreds of表示“数百,成百上千的“,这时hundred后要加-s,且后面有介词of,但是不能与数词 连用(2)表示数词的还有thousand“千,million“百万”,billion“十亿”。它们的用法和hundred一样,可以 用来表示约数和确数。4. ove

3、rThe prices are low. I will take two.答案knives,The Tree-planting Day is on the of March.答案twelfthMy cousin Sandys bike didn*t work on her way to school., someone fixed it for her.答案Luckily7BU1-U4 语法UI语法:数词基数词变序数词口诀:基变序有规律,词尾加上th ;一二三单独记,词尾是t、1;八减1九去?1代ve;遇到几十几,变个个位就可以;ty作结尾,丫变再加匕。第一 first第二 second第三t

4、hird 第五fifth 第九ninth十二 twelve第十二 twelfth二十 twenty 第二十 twentieth三十thirty四十forty第四十fortiethU2语法:一般将来时结构:shall/will/be going to +do 只有第一人称 I ,we 用 shall.用法(概念):将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态时间状语:含有 tomorrow(如 tomorrow ,the day after tomorrow tomorrow morning/aftemoon/evening), 含有 next (如 nextday/month/year),soon,i

5、n+一段时间,in+将来的年份(如 in2019) ,tonight,this afternoon/evening (注:this morning 用于过去时)句式变化:肯定句:主语+will/be going to+do +其他.否定句:主语+won,t/be not going to +do+其他.一般疑问句:will/be +主语+going to +do+其他?特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?注意:1) go, come, leave, arrive用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。2)在含有条件状语从句或时间状语从句的复合句中,主将从现。3) There be 与将来时的结合:th

6、ere will be 或者是 there is/are going to be4)有迹象、有征兆的用be going to do,不能用will doU3语法:名词所有格(l)s所有格用法表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加s,其复数形式是s:例如:a students room, students1 rooms 如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加,s,如:Children,s Day (儿童节)。在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用s,例如:twenty minutes* walk (二十分钟的步行),ten miles* journey (十英里的旅程),two

7、pounds* weight (两英 镑的重量)。注意如果两个名词并列,并且分别有s ,则表示“分别有”,例如:John!s and Marys rooms (约翰和玛丽 各有一间,共两间);Tom,s and Marys bikes (两人各自的自行车)。 两个名词并列,只有一个 s ,则表示“共有,例如:John and Marys room (约翰和玛丽共有一间);Tom and Mary*s mother (即 Tom与Mary是兄妹)。of所有格无生命名词的所有格则必须用“名词+of+名词”结构,例如:a map of China (一张中国地图),the end of this t

8、erm (这个学期末),the capital of our country (我们国家的首都),the color of the flowers(这些花的颜色)。(3)双重所有格双重所有格的结构:a/this/.+名词(单数)+of+名词所有格主意“of+名词所有格”中的名词必须表示人,不能表示事物。因此,我们可以说:a friend of my father (我父亲的一个朋友),但却不能说alegofatabQs,而且该名词必须是特指的,不能是泛指的。比如我们可以说,a friend of the doctors (这位医生的一个朋友),而不能说a friend of a doctors

9、。 除了修饰的原因外,用双重所有格主要是由于被修饰词有排他性的限定词(determiner),如冠词、 某些不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词、数词等。比如我们不能说an our old acquaintance,而必须说 an old acquaintance of ours (我们的一个老相识);不能说many their books ,正确的说法是many book of theirs (他们的许多书)。再如:This foolish wife of mine thinks Im a great artistsaid he.“我那愚蠢的老婆以为我是个大艺术家广他说道。注意区别下列四种表达方式含

10、义的差别:one of my brothers friends (明确表示我兄弟有一个以上的朋友)a friend of my brothers (暗示我兄弟有一个以上的朋友)a friend of my brother (对我兄弟有好感的人)my brothers friend (我兄弟唯一的一个朋友或刚谈及的那一个朋友)2.物主代词性第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourhis/her/itstheir名词性mineoursyoursyourshis/hers/itstheirsU4语法:冠词冠词是虚词,放在名词之前,用来说明名词指的人或事物。冠

11、词有两种。a(an)叫不定冠词,the叫定 冠词。a用在辅音之前,an用在元音之前。(1)不定冠词的用法a.用在单数名词之前,表示某一类人或事物。例如:John is a student. Mary is an English teacher.b.指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或和物。例如:A student wants to see you. A girl is waiting for you outside.(2)定冠词用法a.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。例如:The book on the desk is an English dictionary.b.指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物

12、。例如:Open the door, please.c.上文提到过的人或事物。例如:Yesterday John father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him200 yuan.d.表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如:The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.e.用在序数词和形容词最高级之前。例如:Shanghai is the biggest city in China.f.用在某些形容词之前,表示某一类人或事物。例如:The nurse is kind to the sick.g.用在姓氏复数之

13、前,表示“某某一家人,“某某夫妇”。例如:the Browns, the whites等。(3)不用冠词的情况a.某些专有名词,抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。b.名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等代词时,不用冠 词。例如:I have some questions.c.复数名词表示一类人或事物时,不用冠词。They are workers.2.表示“趋向”的介词常见的介词有:across横越,against对抗,along沿着,around 绕着,round环绕,at朝着,behind向后面,

14、between.and. A.至by路过/通过,down向下,for向,from从/离,in进入,into进入,inside到里面,near接近,off脱离/除,on向上,out of向.外,outside向.外,over跨过,past经过/超过,through 穿过.,to向/朝,towards朝着,on to到上面,onto到上面,away from 远离例题精讲Mr. Zhang is office worker. He works in office near our school.A. an; anB. a; anC. a; theD. an; the答案D1. Be quick!

15、Don*t the early bus.C. missD.getis on the second floor.A. stopB. wait答案C2. room is on the third floor andA. Our; theirs答案AA. Our; theirs答案AB. Theirs; hisC. Our; theirsD.His;OurThe children the toys this.A. like; likesB likes; likes C. like; like D. likes; like答案C3. -The fish nice. Your mother is a g

16、reat cook.-Really? Try some, and you will like it more.A. tastesB. smellsC. cooksD.sees答案B6.-Look at the pair of trainers, Andy. They look like yours.No. Mine black and white.A. isB. hasC. haveD. are答案D7. There an English contest next term.A. is going to haveB. is going to beC. will haveD. will to b

17、e答案B(1) over为介词,有“超过,多于”的含义,相当于more than。(2) over作介词还可以表示“在上方(3) over作副词,表示“完了,结束”。常作表语。(4)常见的over构成的短语有:go over 检查 all over 遍及,整个 over and over 反复 over there 在那边be full ofbe full of 意为“充满”,相当于 be filled withomessage可数名词,意为“消息,音信”。“take a message”意为“传个话,捎个口信”:leave a message意为留言Td like to live next

18、to a restaurant.(1) Id like to”是“I would like to”的缩写,would意为“想”,是情态动词,常与like连用。在英语中 “would like”是一个常用的结构,意为“想,愿意”,用来表示主语的意愿。would like sth./to do sth.”意 为“想要某物/做某事”,表示“想要做某事”时,可以和“sb. want to do sth. ”替换,但是“would you like.” 的语气要更加的委婉。(2) would like sb. to do sth.“想要某人做某事”(3)这样的句式变成一般疑问句时,把would提前,意为

19、“想要做吗?” ;变成否定句时,在would的后面加not,意为“不想做例如:Would you like to show me your new camera?你愿意把你的新照相机给我看看吗?11.1 always have fun with my dog there.fun为不可数名词,意为“娱乐,乐趣”,可用much ;lotsof ;alotof等修饰。have fun意为“玩得高兴,有 趣”,相当于 have a good time 或 enjoy oneself,其后接可接“doing sth.或 with sth.”。拓展fun的形容词为funny,意为“有趣的,可笑的12. C

20、an you ask him to call me back?(1) ask sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事“,其否定形式为ask sb. not to do sth,“让某人不要做某事”。ask sb. sth.“问某事某事、ask for sth.”意为“请求某事,要某物相当于want sth.。(3) asksb.fbrsth.“向某人要某物”。3.1 1 would like to invite my friends to watch films with me at the weekend.本句中的invite是及物动词,意为“邀请。常用于下列结构:(1) invite

21、sb.邀请某人(2) invite sb. to some place 邀请某人去某地(3) ) invite sb. to (have) dinner 邀请某人吃饭(4) invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事1 love to sit there and look out at the beach and the sea.(1) look out at在本句中意为向外看”眺望外面,由look out和look at两个短语合并而成。(2) look out除了有“向外看”的意思以外,还可表示“查出,找出,注意,当心”等意(3)与lo与组成的短语:look after照顾,

22、照料 look back回顾,回想 look for 寻找look ahead向前看,着眼将来 look down upon看不起,藐视 look forward to 期盼,希望7B U2重难点知识梳理Llike像,相似,类似(1)like用作介词,指某人或某物“像,相似,类似”。常用的固定搭配有be like像样子;look like看起来像;(2) like也可以用作动词,表示“喜欢”之意,常用的固定搭配:like sb/sth喜欢某人/某物like doing喜欢做某事(习惯)like to do sth喜欢做某事(具体的事)2. something2. something代词某事,某

23、物somebody代词某人anyone 代词任何人3. fire n.火fire用作不可数名词,意为“火常用be on fire着火了 ;catch/take fire“着火了 make a fire生火等固定搭配。4. sick adj.生病的,恶心的Pm afraid they wont welcome visitors like you.解析:rm afraid用于礼貌或正式的道歉、对不起、恐怕等,一般做插入语。rm afraid not恐怕不行,表示认为对方的意见可能不会发生,是委婉的否定。拓展害怕某人/某事be afraid of sb/sth(2)害怕干某事 be afraid t

24、o do sth/be afraid of doing sth(3 )恐怕/害怕be afraid that从句They help us with all kinds of problems.help sb with sth = help sb (to) do sth帮助某人解决某种困难helpful形容词,意为“有用的,愿意帮忙的反义词为helpless“无用的,没有帮助的工Theres something wrong with my computer.There9s something wrong with .表示“某物坏了,有毛病 了”Something is wrong with .=

25、.is broken.一.doesnt work.6. Some colleges students are ready to help.be ready to do sth 乐于做某事 =be glad/willing to do sth .be /get ready for sth 为做好准备。7. Some of them often visit the old people and do some shopping for them.do some shopping动词短语,意为“买东西”,为固定结构,类似短语:do some cleaning 打扫卫生do some reading

26、读些书do some washing 洗衣月艮8. Youre lucky to live in a community center like that Simon.固定搭配:a lucky dog 幸运儿7B U3重难点知识梳理1 .be quiet “安静 keep quiet “保持安静”.famous “著名的,出名的”be famous fbr”以而著名China is famous for the Great Wall.be famous as.”作为而出名Li Ming is famous as a singer.2 .miss “错过:miss sth/ doing sth.

27、all over the world “全世界”1.1 would like to take the boys to our schooPs football field.我想要把这些男孩带到我们学校的足球场去。take sb to sp .意为“带某人到某地去。动词take表示“引领,带领”之意。辨析:take 与 bringtake意为带走,表示从说话人这儿把东西待到其他地方bring意为带来,表示把东西从其他地方带到说话人这儿. There are lots of things to do in Sunshine Town.在阳光城有好多事情可以做。句中to do是动词不定式,用作后置定

28、语(动词不定式用作定语必须后置),修饰前面的名词,表示 要做的事。例:Eddie has no food to eato 埃迪没有吃的了。to do/ doing/d。to dododoing1. plan to do2. invite sb to do1. make sb do2. let sb do (lets do)1 .enjoy doing2 .What about doing3. want to do3. why not do=how about doing4. would like to do=why dont you do3.look forward to doing5. ha

29、ve sth to do4. miss doing6.there be sth to do5. spend.doing.far away from.表示离远”;可以与连系动词连用,也可以与行为动词连用。6 .花费It takes sb 时间 to doSth cost sb 金钱Sb spend 时间/金钱 doing sth/ on sthSb pay 金钱 for sth. look forward to是一个固定短语,意为“期盼,盼望”。to是介词,后接名词、代词和v+-ing形 式,不能跟动词原形。lO.show sb around意为“带领某人参观“. none/no one基本含义

30、用法辨析none “没有一个”可指人,也可指物。单独使用时常用于回答“Howmany.?或Howmuch.?” 的句型,后常接of短语,构成完全否定的句型:None of +the+可数名词复 数+单数/复数动词+ None of + the+不可数名词复数+单数动词+no one “没有人”可指人,不可指物,语气比none强。一般不接of短语,通常用来回答“Who.?”的句型。作主语时,谓语动词用单数。.NeiFs mother is calling him from the UK.从某地给某人打电话call sb from sth7B U4重难点知识梳理1. north n 北,北方wes

31、t n西,西方south n 南,南方east n 东,东方方位词north ,north ,south ,east “东、南、西、北”,用作名词表示方位时,常用两种方式。(1)表不方位的名词+of+地点:(2)介词+the+表示方位的名词+of +地点表示两者接壤时,用介词on表示两者不接壤时.用介词to表示包括在内部,用介词in2.remember记得,记住用作及物动词remember to do sth ”记住要做某事”,指事情还没做,记住要做;remember doing sth “记住做过某事”,指事情做过了,还记得。1.1 augh at意为“嘲笑”.take the + 序数词+

32、turning/crossing on the left/right.=turn left/right at the+序数词+turning/crossing在第几个拐弯处/交叉路口向左/右拐。4 . prepare vt.准备固定搭配:prepare for为做准备preparefor为做准备prepare to do sth准备做某事5 .plenty大量,充足固定搭配:plenty of = a lot of大量的,足够的即可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。6 . They like to eat bamboo and lie down all day long.他们喜欢吃竹子,而且

33、整天躺着。lie-lay-lain 躺,放置lie-lied-lied 撒谎laylaidlaid产卵,下蛋轻松识记规则撒谎,不规则躺; 躺过下蛋,下蛋不规则7 . How can I get there?How can I get to some place是询问到某地的方式是什么,是由对方提问的一种方式。 问路方式:Can you show me the way to . ?Can you tell me how to get to . ?Can you tell me how I can get to .?How can I get there?How can I get to .?Wh

34、eres .?Which is the way to .?Is there a . near here ?指路方式:Go/Walk along the road, take the first turning on the left/right.Go/Walk along the street, turn left/right at the first crossing.Cross the road at the traffic lights.8 .Pm happy to invite you to 我很高兴邀请你本句所用的句型是be happy to do sth高兴做某事。例题精讲单项选择

35、1. -What is Mary?-She is kind and generous.A. likeB. liking C.look like D. looking like- What does your sister?-She likes playing the piano.A. look likeB.likeC.likesD. is likeThe boy is lost.His parents are him.A.worryingB.worried aboutC.worry aboutHis bad health his parents greatly.A.worriedB.worri

36、ed aboutC.was worried about-is it from Zunyi to Guiyang?Hope we can arrive in 2 hours.-About 150 kilometers.A. How soon B. How long C. How farD. How often-is it from the New Town to the old city centre?-Less than 30 minutes by underground.A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. How far答案ABBABD请根据括号中

37、的中文提示,英文释义或句意,写出句中所缺单词,使句子通顺。66.1 am looking forward to(邀请)my friends to my birthday party.答案invitingMr. John and his family live in a(安静的)street.答案quietThe fish is so(very clean and cool) that I can*t wait to eat it.答案freshThe Great Wall is very(known by many people) all over the world.答案famous67. Wendy lives on the tenth floor. Wilson lives on the eighth floor, so Wilson lives two floors Wendy.答案below请根据句意,从方框内选择合适的单词,并用其适当形式填空,使句子通顺。 visit twelve someone luck knife68. Is here? Lets begin our meeting.答案everyoneSome from the UK will visit our school next month.答案visitors

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