《2023年全国大学英语四级考试试题.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年全国大学英语四级考试试题.doc（28页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、2023年6月全国大学英语四级考试试题（一）Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 高考刚刚结束，回忆自己当年在高考时刻的想法（紧张、兴奋、恐惊等）2. 对于“高考那段时间，是我人生文化水平的
2、巅峰”的见解3.对于高考一考定终身的见解和建议。Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given
3、 in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage。For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage。 Will We Run Out of Water?Picture a “ghost ship” sinking
4、 into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages。Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in C
5、entral Asia, its all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become
6、 polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish。Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such proj
7、ects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century。“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for s
8、tudies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as onethird of the worlds projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages。Where Water GoesOnly 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitabl
9、e for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Twothirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps. In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the a
10、tmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow)。Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, wher
11、e few people live. In fact, the worlds population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwaterabout the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to t
12、he aquatic environment。”Close to HomeWater woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers, layers of sand and gravel that lie betwe
13、en soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground。)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, over pumping has s
14、hrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel。Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bact
15、eria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting。The SourceWhere do contaminants come from? In developing countries, peop
16、le dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne diseases。In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products. Toxic chemicals pollute w
17、ater when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States。)But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners down the drain; all
18、of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste。Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute
19、water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen-rich fertilizer that help plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic p
20、lants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water。Whats the Solution?Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems; governments, for instance, would
21、 be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea。“More than 1 billion people worldwide dont have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick。“There has to be a strong push on the part of everyonegovernments and ordinary pe
22、opleto make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life。”1. That the huge water projects have diverted the rivers causes the Aral Sea to shrink。2. The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects does more good than harm。3. The chief causes of water shortage are population growth and wate
23、r pollution。4. The problems Americans face concerning water are groundwater shrinkage and tap water pollution。5. According to the passage all water pollutants come from household waste。6. The people living in the United States will not be faced with water shortages。7. Water expert Gleick has come up
24、 with the best solution to water-related problems。1.YNNG2.YNNG3.YNNG4.YNNG5.YNNG6.YNNG7.YNNG8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the worlds people will suffer from water shortages。9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in。10.In developed countries, before toxic
25、 chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid。Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be aske
26、d about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A,B,CandD, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a sing
27、le line through the centre。11.AWait for the sale to start。BGet further information about the sale。CCall the TV station to be sure if the ad is true。DBuy a new suit。12.AHe doesnt think that John is ill。BHe thinks that perhaps John is not in very good health。CHe is aware that John is ill。DHe doesnt th
28、ink that John has a very good knowledge of physics。13.ABefore six。BAt six。CAfter six。DAfter seven。14.AIt is bigger。BIt has a prettier color。CIt has a larger yard。DIt is brighter。15.AAustralian and American。BGuest and host。CHusband and wife。DProfessor and student。16.A130.B1100.C930.D1000.17.AHe prefe
29、rs staying at home because the bus is too late。BHe prefers staying at home because he doesnt like to travel。CHe prefers taking a bus because the plane makes him nervous。DHe prefers traveling with the woman。18.AHe thinks she should visit her cousin。BHer cousin doesnt visit very often。CHer cousin is f
30、eeling a lot better today。DHe doesnt think her cousin has been at home today。Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard。19.ATwo different types of bones in the human body。BHow bones help the body move。CHow bones continuously repair themselves。DThe chemical composition of hu
31、man bones。20.AThey defend the bone against viruses。BThey prevent oxygen from entering the bone。CThey break down bone tissue。DThey connect the bone to muscle tissue。21.AThey have difficulty identifying these cells。BThey arent sure how these cells work。CTheyve learned how to reproduce these cells。DThe
32、yve found similar cells in other species。22.ATo learn how to prevent a bone disease。BTo understand differences between bone tissue and other tissue。CTo find out how specialized bone cells have evolved。DTo create artificial bone tissue。Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just he
33、ard。19.ATwo different types of bones in the human body。BHow bones help the body move。CHow bones continuously repair themselves。DThe chemical composition of human bones。20.AThey defend the bone against viruses。BThey prevent oxygen from entering the bone。CThey break down bone tissue。DThey connect the
34、bone to muscle tissue。21.AThey have difficulty identifying these cells。BThey arent sure how these cells work。CTheyve learned how to reproduce these cells。DTheyve found similar cells in other species。22.ATo learn how to prevent a bone disease。BTo understand differences between bone tissue and other t
35、issue。CTo find out how specialized bone cells have evolved。DTo create artificial bone tissue。Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard。23.AA new fuel for buses。BThe causes of air pollution。CA way to improve fuel efficiency in buses。DCareers in environmental engineering。24.
36、AHer car is being repaired。BShe wants to help reduce pollution。CParking is difficult in the city。DThe cost of fuel has increased。25.AA fuel that burns cleanly。BAn oil additive that helps cool engines。CA material from which filters are made。DAn insulating material sprayed on engine parts。Section BDir
37、ections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, Cand D.Then mark the correspon
38、ding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre。Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard。26.AFrom three to five months。BThree months。CFive months。DFour months。27.AWatch traffic。BObey commands。CCross streets safely。DGuard the door。28.AThree weeks。
39、BTwo weeks。CFour weeks。DFive weeks。Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard。29.ATwo to four times。BFour to six times。CFour to eight times。DSix to ten times。30.ASleeping pills made people go into REM sleep quickly。BPeople had more dreams after they took sleeping pill
40、s。CPeople became angry easily because they didnt take sleeping pills。DSleeping pills prevented people from going into REM sleep。31.APeople dream so as to sleep better。BPeople dream in order not to go into REM sleep。CBecause they may run into difficult problems in their dreams。DBecause in their dream
41、s they may find the answers to their problems。Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard。32.AA sales representative。BA store manager。CA committee chairperson。DA class president。33.ATo determine who will graduate this year。BTo discuss the seating arrangement。CTo choo
42、se the chairperson of the ceremonies。DTo begin planning the graduation ceremonies。34.ATheir names, phone numbers and job preference。BThe names and addresses of their guests。CThe names of the committee they worked on last year。DTheir dormitory name, address and phone number。35.AIn an hour。BNext week。
43、CIn one month。DNext year。Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 4
44、3 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third
45、time, you should check what you have written。In the English (36)_system, students take three very important examinations. The first is the eleven-plus, which is (37)_ at the age of eleven or a little past. At one time the (38)_or (39)_ shown on the elevenplus would have (40)_if a child stayed in sch
46、ool. Now, however, all children continue in (41)_ schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow. At the age of fifteen or sixteen, the students are (42)_for the Ordinary (43)_of the General Certificate of Education. (44)_. Once students have passed this exam, they are allowed to specialize, so that twothirds or more of their courses will be in physics,