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1、2022年大学英语考试真题卷（本卷共分为1大题50小题,作答时间为180分钟,总分100分,60分及格。）单位:姓名:考号:题号单选题多项选择判断题综合题总分分值得分、单项选择题（共50题,每题2分。每题的备选项中,只有一个最符合题意）1. I Quest ion 8 to 10 are based on the fol lowing news item. At the end of the news item, you wi 11 be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now Iisten to the news. /I Which sta
2、tement is not trueA. The preliminary investigation into the massacre has been finished.B. Dozens of people were killed in that massacre.C. Saddam would be the only one who had to face death penalty if convicted.D. That massacre happened 50 miles north of Baghdad.2. IQuestions 1 to 5 are based on an
3、interview with a chief-editor. At the end of the interview you wi11 be given 10 seconds to answer each of the fol lowing questions. Now Iisten to the interview. /1 After the incident the interviewee sounded.A. calm and quietB. nervous and numbC. timid and confusedD. shocked and angryThe wave of job
4、cuts sweep i ng through the utility sector gathered pace yesterday with 800 more redundancies pIanned by two electricity groups joining forces in order to meet regulator1 s price demands and improve eff i c i ency.Trade unions expressed anger that the announcement by two foreign-owned utilities, Lon
5、don Electricity and Eastern Electricity, came during the period i mmed i ate I y before Christmas. They noted that it arrived on the back of nearly 1,300 other job losses in this sector since early October.Half of the 160,000 jobs in the electricity sector have gone since privatization in 1988.More
6、than 2,000 redundancies have also been announced recently by water companies, and more are expected from United Utilities as they, too, seek to meet tougher regulatory targets.Not everyone in the industry is convineed that the current spate of job cuts in the utility sector is justified.One leading
7、industry executive, who wanted to remain anonymous, said: n I am very concerned that ccxnpan i es are using the regulators1 price cut as an excuse for carrying out general cuts that they have wanted to do for some time. It is causing disquiet among utilities customers. MIf regulatory approval is giv
8、en London Electricity -a unit of Electricite de France -and Eastern Electricity, control led by American conglomerate Texas Utilities, wi11 form a joint venture from ApriI 1, 2000, which wi11 run their respective electricity distribution businesses.The companies wi 11 continue to compete on the supp
9、ly and bi 11 ing side of the i r operat i ons but hope the new alii ance wi 11 be able to win third party business, whether in electricity or other sectors such as gas.The 800 job losses mean a quarter of the jobs affected by the joint venture wi11 be lost within 18 months, and that the remaining po
10、sitions wi11 be dependant on the general level of business activity.The two companies plan to achieve cost savings through fewer workers, hav i ng a single information system, a smalI er number of buiIdings and buying more in bulk.Phi I TurbeviI Ie, chief executive of Texas Utilities9 TXS Europe sub
11、sidiary, said: It is the responsible management response to the chailenges of the tough price control while deliver ing further improvements in customer service. HHe added that customers would benefit because lower costs meant more money avai IabIe for new investment, and denied that the decision co
12、uld have been made at a better time or would have been different if it had not been a foreign-owned group.Whether we told staff just before Christmas or just after it would have been the same. There is no good time to make redundancies. As you can see from what Scottish-based utilities have been doi
13、ng, this is nothing to do with Paris or Texas. It is just prudent management, Mr. TurbeviI Ie said.From early October, about peopIe have lost their jobs in utilitysector.A. 800B. 160,000C. 1,300D. 2,1004. BHTEXTSecurity concerns have prompted the federal departments of State and Home I and Security
14、to t i ghten the process for i ssuing visas and to i mpose rigorous new monitoring procedures for many international students once they enter the Un i ted States. Co 11 eges have struggled to comply with new reporting requirements and deal with admitted students whose entry into the country has been
15、 de Iayed by the new procedures.One result of these problems has been a renewed discussion of the presence of substant i a I numbers of international students on U. S. campuses. Anecdota I reports suggest that the number of new internat i6nal students entering the Un i ted States is dec Ii n i ng.Th
16、e downward trend is consistent with data on the number of student visas being issued by the State Department. AppIications by Arab and Musiim men and those of any student seeking to study science had to be sent to Washington for review, and men from 25 countries identified as potent i a I harbors fo
17、r terrorism face new registration requi rements once they enter the United States.These procedures led to long I ines at U. S. consuIates around the world and to many we 11 -pub I i c i zed s i tuat i ons in which students were unable to reach the i r i ntended campus in time for the open i ng of c
18、I asses I ast autumn.One cont i nu i ng problem, university off i c i a Is say, is that U. S. consuIates no longer rout i ne Iy renew visas for international students whose visas expire whi Ie they are home for vacations or other short visits.The issue of whether some students wi 11 continue to view
19、 the United States as a des i rab Ie pl ace to study has a I so become a source of d i scuss i on. John Shu 11, co 11 ege adv i ser at the Ca i ro Amer i can Co 11 ege, said, nWe are seeing more of our students Iooking at non-U. S, universities. Lynch of Penn State said that his university is now ge
20、tting nvery few new students from the Middle Eastespecially males”.Stricter U.S. restrictions on foreign students studying in America and delays in processing visa requests appear to be doing part of the job for the British. Applicat ions to British universities from foreign students have surged in
21、the last year, particularly from countries with predominantly Musiim populations.Among countries sending significant numbers of students to Britain, the biggest increases in appI ications were from Saudi Arabia. Education off i c i a Is did not provide reasons for this striking pattern. But some ind
22、ividual universities said there were indications that new U. S. regulations and stricter enforcement were playing at least some role. In Britain, students can also get an education in Engl ishf at international ly known universities, but perhaps with a bit less hassle.Off i c i a I s said that, whil
23、e Britain did not i mpose new regulations on students seeking visas to study here, enforcement of existing rules and scrut iny of appI icat ions may have been stepped up. Admi ssions author it ies say they have had more contact with the pol ice, and they are being more di I igent about requiring stu
24、dents to leave the country once their visas expire.Still, either out of choice or necessity, some students apparently are f i nd i ng Br i ta i n to be a more attract i ve opt i on than the Un i ted States.Which of the fol lowing statements is not trueA. There is a downward trend in the numbers of i
25、nternational students on U. S. campuses.B. The number of student visas being issued by the State Department is declining.C. Any student who is pursuing a degree of Arts in America don t have to be sent to Washingtonfor review.D. There are still many people in the world who are applying to study inu.
26、 s.5. B11TEXT C/B11HThe Icarus Girl is the story of 8-year-old Jessamy Harrison, nicknamed Jess. The daughter of a Nigerian mother and an Engl ish father, she is a troubled child given to tantrums and uncontrol I able screaming fits. She has no friends, hates schooI and is far happier sitting inside
27、 a cupboard or wr i t i ng ha i ku a I one in her bedroom. Quite natural ly worried by al I this, her mother decides that a change of scenery is in order, so she takes the fami Iy away from its home in England and back to Nigeria for a brief visit. Initial ly, Jess feels out of place there as well -
28、 unt i I she meets Titiola, a mysterious girl of exact Iy her own agef whom she calls TillyTilly.From the start, there s something not quite right about TiUyTilly: she seems out of proportion. Was she too tai I and yet too . smal I at the same time Was her neck too long Her fingers ” At first, she m
29、erely echoes Jess s words, but she soon deve I ops into the friend and p I aymate Jess has never had. Together they have adventures: they manage to break into Jess9 s grandfather1 s Iocked study and then into an amusement park (also Iocked) where the gates magica11y swing open.Al I too quickly, thou
30、gh, the famiIy returns from exotic Nigeria to prosaic England, where Jess is surrounded once again by bullying schoolmates, a hostiIe teacher and her hatefuI, do 11-I ike blond cousin, Dulcie. Then, to Jess s joy, TillyTilly reappears, simply knocking on her door. They play together, go on a picnic,
31、 wr ite a poem. But TillyTilly also formulates a plan to get Jess s tormentors.The reader suspects that TillyTilly is one of those imaginary friends so common to I one I y chi Idhoods, and that the strange and sinister events are happening only in Jess s imagination. But just as Jess herself begins
32、to doubt whether Ti11yTi11y is really really there, her playmate9 s ma I evo I ent mag i c beg i ns to spread, i nfect i ng every comer of Jess s wor I d.Ti I lyTi I ly s power, at least, is far from imaginary. She reveaIs that Jess had a twin who died at birth - and that she intends to act on that
33、twin, s behalf. No longer a girl but a horrific primeval presence, she takes over Jess s bedroom, mining it from a safe haven into a place of terror. Stop looking to belong, ha If-and-haIf child, T i11yT i11y intones. Stop. There is nothing; there is only me, and I have caught you.Oyeyemi brill iant
34、 Iy conjures up the raw emot ions and playground banter of chiIdhood, writing with the conf i dence and knowI edge of one who has on I y recent I y left that state herse I f. Jess s schoo I mates, her therap i st, the peopIe she meets in Africa, even her parents, remain suitably shadowy figures, see
35、n solely through the distorting lens of Jess s increasingly skewed perception.MThe Icarus G i rexp I ores the melding of cultures and the dream t i me of chi Idhood, as we 11 as the power of anc i ent lore to tint the everyday experiences of a susceptible little girl s seemingly protected Iife. Dese
36、rving of al I its praise, this is a masterly first novel - and a nightmar ish story that wi 11 haunt Oyeyemi s readers for months to come.Jess sees the world.A. through distorted lensB. through the eyes of a common girlC. through the eyes of a foreignerD. through with a mind that is unsuitably sophi
37、sticatedIn 1995 about 700, 000 robots were operating in the industrialized world. Over 500, 000 were used in Japan, about 120, 000 in Western Europe, and about 2, 000 in the United States. Many robot appIications are for tasks that are e i ther dangerous or unp I easant for human be i ngs. I n medic
38、a I laboratories, robots handle potent i a I Iy hazardous materials, such as blood or urine samples. In other cases, robots are used in repetitive1 , monotonous tasks in which human performance might degrade over time. Robots can perform these repetitive, high-precision operations 24 hours a day wit
39、hout fatigue. A major user of robots is the automobi Ie industry. General Motors Corporation uses approximately 16, 000 robots for tasks such as spot we Id i ng, pa i nt i ng, mach i ne Ioad i ng, parts transfer, and assembly. Assembly is one of the fastest growing industrial app I i cat ions of rob
40、otics. It requires higher precision than welding or painting and depends on Iow-cost sensor systems and powerful inexpensive computers. Robots are used in electronic assembly where they mount microchips on circuit boards.Activities in environments that pose great danger to humans, such as Iocating s
41、unken ships, cleanup of nuclear waste, prospecting for underwater mineral deposits, and act i ve vo I cano exp I orat i ony are ideal ly suited to robots. Simi larly, robots can explore distant planets. NASA s Galileo, an unpiIoted space probe, traveled to Jupiter in 1996 and performed tasks such as
42、 determining the chemical content of the Jovian atmosphere.Robots are being used to assist surgeons in instal I ing artificial hips, and very high-precision robots can assist surgeons with de Ii cate operations on the human eye. Research in telesurgery uses robots; under the remote control of expert
43、 surgeons that may one day perform operations in distant battlefields.Robotic manipulators create manufactured products that are of higher qua I ity and lower cost. But robots can cause the loss of unski I led jobs, particularly on assembly I ines in factories. New jobs are created in software and s
44、ensor development, in robot i nsta I I at i on and maintenance, and in the conversion of old factories and the design of new ones. These new jobs, however, require higher I eve Is of skill and training. Technologically oriented societies must face the task of retraining workers who lose jobs to auto
45、mation, providing them with new skills so that they can be empIoyabIe in the industries of the 21st century.Automated machines wi 11 increasingly assi st humans in the manufacture of new products, the maintenance of the world1 s infrastructure, and the care of homes and businesses. Robots wi 11 be a
46、ble to make new highways, construct steel frameworks of buiIdings, clean underground pi pelines, and mow lawns. Prototypes of systems to perform al I of these tasks a I ready exist.One important trend is the deveIopment of micro-eIectromechanicaI systems, ranging in size from centimeters to millimet
47、ers. These tiny robots may be used to move through blood vessels to del iver medicine or clean arterial blockages. They also may work inside large machines to diagnose impending mechanicaI problems.What is the main idea of the forth paragraphA. Impact of robots.B. Relationship between robots and job
48、s.C. Robotic manipulators.D. Damages of robots.7. BHTEXT E/BThirty-two peopIe watched kitty Genovese being killed right beneath their windows. She was their ne i gh- bor. Yet none of the 32 he I ped her. Not one even cal led the pol ice. Was this in gunman cruelty Was it lack of fee Ii ng about one
49、s feI low manHNot so!, say scientists John Barley and Bib Fame. These men went beyond the head I i nes to probe the reasons why peop I e didn t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to not i ce that i s an emergency.Suppose you see a m i dd I e-aged man fa 11 to the s ide-wa Ik. Is he