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1、-第 1 页英语听力英语听力 4Unit2(1324)完整文本完整文本第二版第二版-第 2 页Unit 2Section OneTactics for ListeningListening and TranslationDirections:Listen to some sentences and translate them into Chinese.You will hear each sentence three times1.Some people fear they do not get enough vitamins from the foods they eat.2.So the
2、y take products with large amounts of vitamins.3.They think these vitamin supplements will improve their health and protect against disease.4.Medical experts found little evidence that most supplements do anything to protect or improve health.5.But they noted that some do help to prevent disease.1.一
3、些人担心他们并未从所持的食物中获取足够的维生素。2.因此他们服用大剂量维生素制剂。3.他们认为这些维生素制剂能够增进健康，预防疾病。4.医学专家没有发现多少能证明这些制剂中的绝大多数能保障或增进健康的证据。5.但是他们注意到其中一些确实有助于预防疾病。Section TwoListening ComprehensionPart 1Dialogue-PsychologyandPsychiatryInterviewer:Perhaps we could begin by defining the difference between psychology and psychiatry*.I kno
4、w itssomething which a lot of people get confused about.Doctor:Yes,people often do confuse psychology and psychiatry,and equally psychologists and psychiatrists.Um,firstly,a psychologist will have a degree in psychology but will not have a medical training;apsychiatrist is always a fully trained doc
5、tor who also has additional specialist training in the field ofpsychiatry.Psychiatry is the study essentially of mental illness;psychology is really the study ofbehavior,including normal behavior and mental processes,the way we think,behave and feel.Interviewer:So how exactly do you define mental il
6、lness?How do you know when a person is mentally ill?Doctor:Its a difficult question actually to answer.Essentially,mental illness causes a disturbance in the waythat people think,feel and behave.Um,most people think of mental illness in terms of a breakdown;the term a breakdown is commonly used.Most
7、 often,people are thinking of someone whosbecome very depressed or anxious.But a breakdown may also describe someone whos had a majormental illness,where their thinking,feelings and behavior may become grossly disorganized.-第 3 页Interviewer:Right.Um,Ive heard of the ICD,the International Classificat
8、ion of Disorders.Is that somethingwhich is used in Britain in psychiatry?Doctor:Yes,its the International Classification of Diseases*,um,which is the main classification used inEngland to classify all diseases;and all people admitted to hospitals in England will have a diagnosisgiven within the Inte
9、rnational Classification of Diseases.This classification covers mental illnessesand really classifies mental illnesses under three main headings of psychoses*,neuroses*andpersonality disorders.Within each of those main areas of classification there are lots of otherindividual diagnoses.Interviewer:I
10、d like to ask you about schizophrenia*because thats a word which people often associate with themost extreme kinds of insanity*or lunacy*or Im sure youd call mental disturbance of some kind.What exactly is that?Doctor:Schizophrenia is a severe psychotic*illness.Schizophrenia usually shows itself by
11、the personperhaps hearing voices when theres nothing to account for the voice in the environment.They oftenhave firm but abnormal beliefs,for example that theyre being followed or persecuted and theirbehavior again may seem very odd.Interviewer:Is there any effective treatment for this disorder?Doct
12、or:Yes,there is.There have been advances in the treatment of schizophrenia,particularly since reallythe 1950s when the major anti-psychotic drugs were introduced.The main line of treatment nowincludes drug treatments which can reduce or get rid of symptoms,but we also these days verymuch provide soc
13、ial and family support and help to schizophrenic patients.Interviewer:Mm There is a stigma,isnt there,attached to mental illness generally by society.But I believe itsactually a lot more common than people think.Is that true?Doctor:Mental illness is very common.I was reading a paper just today which
14、 was talking about mentalhealth care and was pointing out some very staggering statistics,for example that 26 percent of thepopulation consult their family doctor each year with mental health problems,that 14 percent of dayslost to work are a result of mental health problems,that 20 percent of our t
15、otal NHS*expenditure isfor treating mental health problems.Interviewer:Well,how.how do we actually prevent mental illness?Is it preventable?Doctor:Thats a really difficult question.-第 4 页Interviewer:Isnt it true that,well at least one theory is that in many cases mental illnesses are hereditary,orpe
16、ople,you know,with parents or grandparents and so on,who are prone*to this will get itthemselves,and therefore presumably external factors arent going to make any difference?Doctor:I think in terms of the cause or etiology*of mental illness,there are often or most usually manyfactors operating,so th
17、e person may be genetically more vulnerable to that kind of illness.Thevulnerability,though,is only one aspect.Stresses in their life,physical illnesses which can causemental illnesses may be another factor bringing about mental ill-health.So there are a variety offactors interacting,which are leadi
18、ng to mental illness.Interviewer:So prevention really has to be tackled from a number of different fronts?Doctor:Yes.Directions:Listen to the dialogue and fill in the blanks with the missing information.1.Psychology and psychiatryPsychology and psychologistPsychiatry and psychiatrist1)Psychology is
19、really the study of behavior,including normal behavior and mental processes,theway we think,behave and feel.2)A psychologist will have a degree in psychologybut will not have a medical training.1)Psychiatry is the study essentially of mentalillness.2)A psychiatrist is always a fully trained doctorwh
20、o also has additional specialist training in thefield of psychiatry.2.ClassificationofmentalillnessMental illnessPsychosesNeurosesPersonality disorders3.SchizophreniaDefinitionSymptomTreatmentAsevere psychotic illness1)Hearing voices when theresnothing to account for thevoice in the environment2)Hav
21、ingfirmbutabnormalbeliefs1)Drug treatments which can reduce orget rid of symptoms2)Social and family support and help toschizophrenic patients4.MentalillnessSituationCauseSolution-第 5 页1)Mental illness is very common.2)26 percent of the populationconsult their family doctor eachyear with mental heal
22、th problems.3)14 percent of days lost to workarearesultofmentalhealthproblems.4)20 percent of our total NHSexpenditure is for treating mentalhealth problems.1)There are often or most usually manyfactors operating.2)The person may be genetically morevulnerable to that kind of illness.3)Stresses in th
23、eir life4)Physical illnesses which can causemental illnesses1)Thats a really difficultquestion.2)Preventionhas to betackled from a number ofdifferent fronts.Part 2Passage-I Couldnt Stop DietingI am solely responsible for the destruction of my marriage.I stared at the words Id written in my journalan
24、d felt the sting of tears.After five years of marriage,Stan would leave me.Id be alone with my scale,myexercise,and my calorie-counting.Stan and I had met 10 years earlier while teaching at the same Christian high school.Id been frighteninglythin,but Stan had ignored my emaciated*appearance and befr
25、iended the person inside.He was a good friend,someone safe with whom I could talk.Early in our friendship,I told him about my history of anorexia*,my twohospitalizations for the disorder,and the years Id spent in therapy trying to get well.He was kind andunderstanding.Still,I couldnt bring myself to
26、 reveal the whole truth that a childhood of verbal and sexualabuse had led not only to anorexia,but rebellion and promiscuity*.Though I knew Stan cared for me,a littlevoice in my head insisted I wasnt good enough for him,and that Id eventually lose him.By the time he proposed three years later,Id ga
27、ined nearly 20 pounds.My gaunt*face and body had becomemuscular and healthy,and my counselor assured me that Id progressed to the point of no longer needing therapy.Soon,Stan and I were married.Several months after our wedding,as I was striving to be the perfect wife,the anorexia reemerged.Though Id
28、 prepared hearty meals for Stan,I carefully restricted what I ate,panicking any time I hadnt exercisedenough.Stans career change only added to the stress,and my weight,the only thing I could control completely,slowly began to drop.-第 6 页As much as I wanted to please my husband by maintaining a healt
29、hy weight,exercise and food restrictionhad become my sole means of coping with stress.Whenever Stan and I would have a conflict,Id add minutesonto my daily workout,or skip a meal.The anorexia gave me a twisted sense of control over my life.One night five years after we got married,my husband told me
30、 that he didnt want to stay in a marriage likethis.I decided finally to get help.I went to a counselor.During our first session,I tearfully described my situation.I know this is my fault,Isaid,but why cant I stop?No wonder I hate myself!We continued counseling sessions for nearly a year,and I learne
31、d gradually to see my anorexia in a newlight as the scar from a painful childhood that led to the fear Id never be loved for who I was.Slowly,I became convinced that only I myself had the power to transform my heart and life.I had to beginwith honesty.I could no longer be deceptive about the anorexi
32、a,nor could I hide my past.Weve now been married seven years.As Stan and I continue to share openly with each other,Ive becomemore secure in his love and in our marriage.My eating habits have improved and my shape has changed fromgaunt to womanly;anorexia is no longer a wedge*between Stan and me.Tra
33、nsparent honesty was the first step,and Ive learned that Ill be accepted for who I am by my husband.Exercise APre-listening QuestionA harmonious and happy family brings all the members good health,while an unhappy family causestragedies and bad health.From the day we are born,our health is influence
34、d by our family.How well are we fed and nursed duringchildhood?What kind of surroundings do we live in?Do our parents live in harmony and love?What is theliving standard of our family?How about our family education?All these play an important part in our physicaland mental health.Members of a happy
35、family help each other stay healthy.If any one member is ill,others will take him or herto a doctor and then take good care of the person so that he or she can get well soon.Members of an unhappy family,on the other hand,are often distressed by their bad relationship,whichfeatures inconsiderateness,
36、distrust and even violence.These will easily cause psychological damages andphysical injuries.Thats why people say living in an unhappy family is like committing suicide.Exercise BSentence DictationDirections:Listen to some sentences and write them down.You will hear each sentence three times.-第 7 页
37、1.After five years of marriage,Stan would leave me.Id be alone with my scale,my exercise,and mycalorie-counting.2.Several months after our wedding,as I was striving to be the perfect wife,the anorexia reemerged.3.As much as I wanted to please my husband by maintaining a healthy weight,exercise and f
38、ood restriction hadbecome my sole means of coping with stress.4.Slowly,I became convinced that only I myself had the power to transform my heart and life.5.Transparent honesty was the first step,and Ive learned that Ill be accepted for who I am by my husband.Exercise CDetailed ListeningDirections:Li
39、sten to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F).Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T1.The narrator thought she was responsible for the destruction of her marriage.(I am solely responsible forthe destruction of my marriage.
40、)T2.The narrator and Stan taught at the same Christian high school 10 years ago.(Stan and I had met10 years earlier while teaching at the same Christian high school.)F3.Stan liked the narrators emaciated appearance in their early friendship.(Id been frighteningly thin,butStan had ignored my emaciate
41、d appearance.)F4.By the time of their marriage,the narrator still needed some kind of therapy.(My counselorassured me that Id progressed to the point of no longer needing therapy.Soon,Stan and I were married.)T5.The narrators anorexia re-emerged several months after the wedding possibly because of t
42、he stress shewas experiencing.(Though Id prepared hearty meals for Stan,I carefully restricted what I ate,panicking anytime I hadnt exercised enough.Stans career change only added to the stress.)T6.The narrator thought food restriction could help her to have a better control over her life.(The anore
43、xiagave me a twisted sense of control over my life.)T7.The narrator would increase the time of her daily workout,or skip a meal when she and Stan would havea quarrel.(Whenever Stan and I would have a conflict,Id add minutes onto my daily workout,or skip a meal.)T8.After nearly a year of counseling s
44、essions,the narrator gradually learned to see her anorexia in a differentway.(We continued counseling sessions for nearly a year,and I learned gradually to see my anorexia in a new light as the scar from a painful childhood that led to the fear Id never be loved for who I was.)Exercise DAfter-listen
45、ing Discussion-第 8 页Directions:Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.After a years counseling,the narrator gradually learned to see her anorexia in a new light as the scar from apainful childhood that led to the fear shed never be loved for who she was.Slowly,she became c
46、onvinced thatonly she herself had the power to transform her heart and life.She was no longer deceptive about anorexia,andstopped hiding her past.2.(Open)Section ThreeNewsNews item 1Representatives of nearly 150 countries meeting in Hong Kong are still trying to reach a new agreement onglobal trade.
47、For many countries the biggest prize they realistically hoped for on this meeting was a date for ending theEuropean Union subsidies to help farmers sell their produce on world markets.The EU was already committed inprinciple to doing this.Now a senior official says they are prepared to name the date
48、 as part of a wider deal.Ifthere isnt an agreement here in Hong Kong,the date of 2013 will be in it,he confirmed.The United States traderepresentativeRob Portman saidhe would still prefer a date of 2010,but he is trying to be accommodating.ExerciseADirections:Listen to the news and complete the summ
49、ary.This news item is about a meeting in Hong Kong trying to reach a new agreement on global trade.ExerciseBDirections:Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.1.Representatives of nearly 150 countries meeting in Hong Kong are still trying to reach a new agreement onglobal trade.2
50、.For many countries the biggest prize they realistically hoped for was a date for ending the European Unionsubsidies to help farmers sell their produce on world markets.3.An EU senior official says they are prepared to name the date as part of a wider deal.-第 9 页4.The earliest possible date will be