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1、如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流英语听力4Unit 2(1324)完整文本 第二版【精品文档】第 10 页Unit 2Section One Tactics for ListeningListening and Translation Directions: Listen to some sentences and translate them into Chinese. You will hear each sentence three times1. Some people fear they do not get enough vitamins from the foods th
2、ey eat.2. So they take products with large amounts of vitamins.3. They think these vitamin supplements will improve their health and protect against disease.4. Medical experts found little evidence that most supplements do anything to protect or improve health.5. But they noted that some do help to
3、prevent disease.1. 一些人担心他们并未从所持的食物中获取足够的维生素。2. 因此他们服用大剂量维生素制剂。3. 他们认为这些维生素制剂能够增进健康，预防疾病。4. 医学专家没有发现多少能证明这些制剂中的绝大多数能保障或增进健康的证据。5. 但是他们注意到其中一些确实有助于预防疾病。Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Dialogue- Psychology and PsychiatryInterviewer: Perhaps we could begin by defining the difference between ps
4、ychology and psychiatry*. I know its something which a lot of people get confused about. Doctor: Yes, people often do confuse psychology and psychiatry, and equally psychologists and psychiatrists. Um, firstly, a psychologist will have a degree in psychology but will not have a medical training; a p
5、sychiatrist is always a fully trained doctor who also has additional specialist training in the field of psychiatry. Psychiatry is the study essentially of mental illness; psychology is really the study of behavior, including normal behavior and mental processes, the way we think, behave and feel. I
6、nterviewer: So how exactly do you define mental illness? How do you know when a person is mentally ill? Doctor: Its a difficult question actually to answer. Essentially, mental illness causes a disturbance in the way that people think, feel and behave. Um, most people think of mental illness in term
7、s of a breakdown; the term a breakdown is commonly used. Most often, people are thinking of someone whos become very depressed or anxious. But a breakdown may also describe someone whos had a major mental illness, where their thinking, feelings and behavior may become grossly disorganized. Interview
8、er: Right. Um, Ive heard of the ICD, the International Classification of Disorders. Is that something which is used in Britain in psychiatry?Doctor: Yes, its the International Classification of Diseases*, um, which is the main classification used in England to classify all diseases; and all people a
9、dmitted to hospitals in England will have a diagnosis given within the International Classification of Diseases. This classification covers mental illnesses and really classifies mental illnesses under three main headings of psychoses*, neuroses* and personality disorders. Within each of those main
10、areas of classification there are lots of other individual diagnoses.Interviewer: Id like to ask you about schizophrenia* because thats a word which people often associate with the most extreme kinds of insanity* or lunacy* or Im sure youd call mental disturbance of some kind. What exactly is that?D
11、octor: Schizophrenia is a severe psychotic* illness. Schizophrenia usually shows itself by the person perhaps hearing voices when theres nothing to account for the voice in the environment. They often have firm but abnormal beliefs, for example that theyre being followed or persecuted and their beha
12、vior again may seem very odd.Interviewer: Is there any effective treatment for this disorder?Doctor: Yes, there is. There have been advances in the treatment of schizophrenia, particularly since really the 1950s when the major anti-psychotic drugs were introduced. The main line of treatment now incl
13、udes drug treatments which can reduce or get rid of symptoms, but we also these days very much provide social and family support and help to schizophrenic patients.Interviewer: Mm There is a stigma, isnt there, attached to mental illness generally by society. But I believe its actually a lot more co
14、mmon than people think. Is that true? Doctor: Mental illness is very common. I was reading a paper just today which was talking about mental health care and was pointing out some very staggering statistics, for example that 26 percent of the population consult their family doctor each year with ment
15、al health problems, that 14 percent of days lost to work are a result of mental health problems, that 20 percent of our total NHS* expenditure is for treating mental health problems.Interviewer: Well, how . how do we actually prevent mental illness? Is it preventable? Doctor: Thats a really difficul
16、t question.Interviewer: Isnt it true that, well at least one theory is that in many cases mental illnesses are hereditary, orpeople, you know, with parents or grandparents and so on, who are prone* to this will get it themselves, and therefore presumably external factors arent going to make any diff
17、erence? Doctor: I think in terms of the cause or etiology* of mental illness, there are often or most usually many factors operating, so the person may be genetically more vulnerable to that kind of illness. The vulnerability, though, is only one aspect. Stresses in their life, physical illnesses wh
18、ich can cause mental illnesses may be another factor bringing about mental ill-health. So there are a variety of factors interacting, which are leading to mental illness.Interviewer: So prevention really has to be tackled from a number of different fronts?Doctor: Yes. Directions: Listen to the dialo
19、gue and fill in the blanks with the missing information.1. Psychology and psychiatry Psychology and psychologistPsychiatry and psychiatrist1)Psychology is really the study of behavior,including normal behavior and mental processes, the way we think, behave and feel.2)A psychologist will have a degre
20、e in psychology but will not have a medical training.1)Psychiatry is the study essentially of mental illness.2)A psychiatrist is always a fully trained doctor who also has additional specialist training in the field of psychiatry.2. Classification of mental illnessMental illnessPsychosesNeurosesPers
21、onality disorders3. SchizophreniaDefinitionSymptomTreatmentA severe psychotic illness1) Hearing voices when theresnothing to account for thevoice in the environment2) Having firm but abnormal beliefs1) Drug treatments which can reduce or get rid of symptoms2) Social and family support and help to sc
22、hizophrenic patients4. Mental illnessSituationCauseSolution1) Mental illness is very common.2) 26 percent of the populationconsult their family doctor eachyear with mental health problems.3) 14 percent of days lost to workare a result of mental health problems.4) 20 percent of our total NHSexpenditu
23、re is for treating mental health problems.1) There are often or most usually many factors operating.2) The person may be genetically more vulnerable to that kind of illness.3) Stresses in their life4) Physical illnesses which can cause mental illnesses1) Thats a really difficult question.2) Preventi
24、on has to be tackled from a number of different fronts.Part 2 Passage- I Couldnt Stop Dieting I am solely responsible for the destruction of my marriage. I stared at the words Id written in my journal and felt the sting of tears. After five years of marriage, Stan would leave me. Id be alone with my
25、 scale, my exercise, and my calorie-counting.Stan and I had met 10 years earlier while teaching at the same Christian high school. Id been frighteningly thin, but Stan had ignored my emaciated* appearance and befriended the person inside. He was a good friend, someone safe with whom I could talk. Ea
26、rly in our friendship, I told him about my history of anorexia*, my two hospitalizations for the disorder, and the years Id spent in therapy trying to get well. He was kind and understanding. Still, I couldnt bring myself to reveal the whole truth that a childhood of verbal and sexual abuse had led
27、not only to anorexia, but rebellion and promiscuity*. Though I knew Stan cared for me, a little voice in my head insisted I wasnt good enough for him, and that Id eventually lose him. By the time he proposed three years later, Id gained nearly 20 pounds. My gaunt* face and body had become muscular a
28、nd healthy, and my counselor assured me that Id progressed to the point of no longer needing therapy. Soon, Stan and I were married.Several months after our wedding, as I was striving to be the perfect wife, the anorexia reemerged. Though Id prepared hearty meals for Stan, I carefully restricted wha
29、t I ate, panicking any time I hadnt exercised enough. Stans career change only added to the stress, and my weight, the only thing I could control completely, slowly began to drop.As much as I wanted to please my husband by maintaining a healthy weight, exercise and food restriction had become my sol
30、e means of coping with stress. Whenever Stan and I would have a conflict, Id add minutes onto my daily workout, or skip a meal. The anorexia gave me a twisted sense of control over my life.One night five years after we got married, my husband told me that he didnt want to stay in a marriage like thi
31、s. I decided finally to get help.I went to a counselor. During our first session, I tearfully described my situation. I know this is my fault, I said, but why cant I stop? No wonder I hate myself!We continued counseling sessions for nearly a year, and I learned gradually to see my anorexia in a new
32、light as the scar from a painful childhood that led to the fear Id never be loved for who I was.Slowly, I became convinced that only I myself had the power to transform my heart and life. I had to begin with honesty. I could no longer be deceptive about the anorexia, nor could I hide my past.Weve no
33、w been married seven years. As Stan and I continue to share openly with each other, Ive become more secure in his love and in our marriage. My eating habits have improved and my shape has changed from gaunt to womanly; anorexia is no longer a wedge* between Stan and me. Transparent honesty was the f
34、irst step, and Ive learned that Ill be accepted for who I am by my husband.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionA harmonious and happy family brings all the members good health, while an unhappy family causes tragedies and bad health.From the day we are born, our health is influenced by our family. How
35、well are we fed and nursed during childhood? What kind of surroundings do we live in? Do our parents live in harmony and love? What is the living standard of our family? How about our family education? All these play an important part in our physical and mental health.Members of a happy family help
36、each other stay healthy. If any one member is ill, others will take him or her to a doctor and then take good care of the person so that he or she can get well soon.Members of an unhappy family, on the other hand, are often distressed by their bad relationship, which features inconsiderateness, dist
37、rust and even violence. These will easily cause psychological damages and physical injuries. Thats why people say living in an unhappy family is like committing suicide.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1. A
38、fter five years of marriage, Stan would leave me. Id be alone with my scale, my exercise, and my calorie-counting.2. Several months after our wedding, as I was striving to be the perfect wife, the anorexia reemerged . 3. As much as I wanted to please my husband by maintaining a healthy weight, exerc
39、ise and food restriction had become my sole means of coping with stress.4. Slowly, I became convinced that only I myself had the power to transform my heart and life.5. Transparent honesty was the first step, and Ive learned that Ill be accepted for who I am by my husband.Exercise C Detailed Listeni
40、ngDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T 1. The narrator thought she was responsible for the destruction of her marriage. (I am solely responsible for the des
41、truction of my marriage.) T 2. The narrator and Stan taught at the same Christian high school 10 years ago. (Stan and I had met 10 years earlier while teaching at the same Christian high school.) F 3. Stan liked the narrators emaciated appearance in their early friendship. (Id been frighteningly thi
42、n, but Stan had ignored my emaciated appearance.) F 4. By the time of their marriage, the narrator still needed some kind of therapy. (My counselor assured me that Id progressed to the point of no longer needing therapy. Soon, Stan and I were married.) T 5. The narrators anorexia re-emerged several
43、months after the wedding possibly because of the stress she was experiencing. (Though Id prepared hearty meals for Stan, I carefully restricted what I ate, panicking any time I hadnt exercised enough. Stans career change only added to the stress.) T 6. The narrator thought food restriction could hel
44、p her to have a better control over her life. (The anorexia gave me a twisted sense of control over my life.) T 7. The narrator would increase the time of her daily workout, or skip a meal when she and Stan would have a quarrel. (Whenever Stan and I would have a conflict, Id add minutes onto my dail
45、y workout, or skip a meal.)T 8. After nearly a year of counseling sessions, the narrator gradually learned to see her anorexia in a different way. (We continued counseling sessions for nearly a year, and I learned gradually to see my anorexia in a new light as the scar from a painful childhood that
46、led to the fear Id never be loved for who I was.)Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.After a years counseling, the narrator gradually learned to see her anorexia in a new light as the scar from a painful childhood that le
47、d to the fear shed never be loved for who she was. Slowly, she became convinced that only she herself had the power to transform her heart and life. She was no longer deceptive about anorexia, and stopped hiding her past.2.(Open)Section Three NewsNews item 1 Representatives of nearly 150 countries m
48、eeting in Hong Kong are still trying to reach a new agreement on global trade.For many countries the biggest prize they realistically hoped for on this meeting was a date for ending the European Union subsidies to help farmers sell their produce on world markets. The EU was already committed in principle to doing this. Now a senior official says they are prepared to name the date as part of a wider deal. If there