2021-2022学年辽宁省沈阳十二中八年级(上)期中英语试卷(附答案详解).docx

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1、202L2022学年辽宁省沈阳十二中八年级(上)期中英语试卷1. The are trying to find out why dinosaurs died out.()A. musicians B. scientistsC.inventors D. painters2. Nobody challenges me chess because they know I never lose the game.()A. byB. onC.forD.to3. A large amount of money spentand a number of students from thecountrysid

2、e helped.()A. were; wereB. was; wasC. was; wereD. were; was4. The cute boy reads books every year. ()A. two hundredsB. two hundred ofC. hundred ofD. hundreds of5. lWhat does your father do ?一He works a driver. ()C. onD. toA. forB. as6. You had better put the of food into the refrigerator because the

3、 weather is hot.()A. amountA. amountB. otherC. restD. left7. I have questions about dinosaurs, but can help me to find the answers.( )A. some; nobody B. some; somebody C. any; nobodyD. any; anybodyMany people enjoy shopping online because they think things in the supermarket are more than those onli

4、ne. ()A. interesting B. expensive C. convenient D. beautiful8. Do you think a computer is than me? ()A. very cleverB. more cleverC. much more cleverD. much cleverer9. -Are we going to hold our sports meeting next week?-.The weather of Shenyang in September is changeable.()A. It must be B. It depends

5、 C. We are sure D. We are goingPeople call Marys grandmother a walking encyclopedia* because she knows so( 11) .She could probably write an encyclopedia on her own, without the help of(12) else!When she takes part in quizzes, she always。3) .She knows the answers to all the questions and never gets(1

6、4) wrong.nHow do you(15) so many things? Mary asked her. There are two reasons, shed6).“First, I never(17) anything I read or hear.All the knowledge I get from books or television programme is stored (储存)inside my (18) .1 particularly (尤其)like reading life stories, so I know a lot about many famous

7、people/19)掌握住形容词比较级的用法,抓住关键词,确定使用形容词比较级还是最高级。10.【答案】B【解析】A.肯定是;B.视情况而定;C我们确定;D.我们将去。根据后面The weather of Shenyang in September is changeable.(沈阳九月的天气变化多端。)可知,下周举 行不举行运动会还得看到时候的天气状况,现在还不能完全确定。故B选项”视情况而定”符合题后、O故选:Bo-下周我们要举行运动会吗?要视情况而定。沈阳九月的天气变化多端。考查情境对话,在日常学习时多积累日常交际用语。做题时要先了解各选项的意思,对其用法做 到心里有数,再根据具体的语境

8、来选择正确答案。1125.【答案】C、B、C、A、C、A、B、D、B、C、B、D、B、A、A【解析】(1)考查形容词。A几乎没有,修饰不可数名词,B几乎没有,修饰可数名词,C很多, 修饰不可数名词,D很多,修饰可数名词,根据语境:人们称玛丽的祖母为”活百科全书”,因为 她知道很多。可知so much和样多,修饰动词,故选C。(2)考查代词。A某人,B任何人,C所有人,D没有一人,根据人们称玛丽的祖母为”活百科全 书”,因为她知道很多。可知她也许可以自己写一本百科全书,而不需要别人的帮助!否定句,用 anyone,故选 B。(3)考查动词。A承诺,B挑战,C获胜,D失去,根据上文:人们称玛丽的祖

9、母为“活百科全书 ”,因为她知道很多。她也许可以自己写一本百科全书,而不需要别人的帮助!可知她总是获胜, 故选C。(4)考查代词。A任何的,B没有什么,C所有的,D一些,根据上文:人们称玛丽的祖母为” 活百科全书”,因为她知道很多。她知道所有问题的答案,从不出错。可知否定句,用anything, 故选Ao(5)考查动词。A复制,B发明,C知道,D核对,根据上文:人们称玛丽的祖母为“活百科全书 %因为她知道很多。可知你怎么知道这么多事情?故选C。(6)考查动词。A回复,B订购,C问,D意识到,根据上句问:你怎么知道这么多事情?可知 这里是回复,故选A。(7)考查动词。A记得,B忘记,C对比,D复

10、制,根据语境:首先,我从不忘记我读到或听到 的任何东西。故选B。(8)考查名词。A班长,B笔记本,C电脑,D头,根据语境:我从书籍或电视节目中获得的所 有知识都储存在我的头脑中,故选D。(9)考查数词。A2, B第二,C3, D第三,根据上文首先,我从不忘记我读到或听到的任何东 西。可知这里是第二,故选B。(10)考查名词。A交通,B财富,C健康,D事故,根据When I left school, I became a nurse (当 我离开学校时,我成为了一名护士)可知学到了有关健康的知识,故选C。(11)考查名词。A数字,B植物,C人类,D主要单位,根据He was a naturali

11、st (自然学家)可 知研究植物和动物,故选B。(12)考查副词。A太,B非常,C很多,D更,根据than (和比)可知要用比较级more interesting, 故选D。(13)考查短语。A依靠,B发现,C寻找,D环绕旅行,根据He often took me to many different parts of the world (他经常带我去世界各地)可知是发现了很多 国家,故选B。(14)考查名词。A 儿子,B 兄弟,C 朋友,D 叔叔,your father and his two brothers-were born. (你父亲和他的两个兄弟出生了。)可知是我的儿子,因为本文是

12、作者的奶奶说的,故选A。(15)考查名词。A 规则,B 奖励,C 价钱,D 广场,They grew up and liked all kinds of sports (他们长大了,喜欢各种运动)可知所以我从他们那里学到了很多运动的规则,故选A。Mary的祖母被人们称为“行走的百科全书”,她什么都知道,人们都很奇怪她是怎样做到的。她告 诉了人们其中的原因。首先要通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合排除 法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。2629.【答案】C、C、A、D【解析】(1)理解判断题。根据短文描述,可知植物生长需要四种条件,温度,水分,土壤和

13、养 分。故选C。(2)理解判断题。根据Plants also need water.In very dry parts of the Earth only a few unusual plants can grow.Thats why there are almost no trees or grass in dry deserts.(植物也需要水。在地球上非常干燥的地方,只有儿种不 同寻常的植物可以生长。这就是为什么干燥的沙漠里儿乎没有树或草的原因。)可知植物不可能 在干燥的沙漠中生长。故选C。(3)词义猜测题。根据前文 They find it difficult to grow on h

14、ard land.The town is built on hard land.(他们发现很难在硬地上生长c这个城镇建在硬地上c )可知此处意为那里的植物只有石缝间的 土壤才能生长。故选A。(4)文章来源题。根据To grow,plants need several things.One is warmth.In very cold places almost nothing grows.(为了生长,植物需 要几样东西。一个是温暖。在非常寒冷的地方几乎什么都不生长。)及全文可知这篇短文主要介 绍了植物生长所需要的四种自然条件:温度,水分,土壤和养分。所以最可能出现在百科全书的 自然部分。故选D

15、。这篇短文主要介绍了植物生长所需要的四种自然条件:温度,水分,土壤和养分。在通读全文的基础上,根据全文大意,展开逻辑思维,瞻前顾后,认真辨析选项,仔细推敲,确 定最佳答案。3033,【答案】D、B、A、D【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据Most people agreed that the first painting clearly showed a place of perfect peace.(大多数人认为第一 幅画清楚地显示了一个完美的宁静的地方。)可知,第一幅画给人一种宁静的感觉。故选D。(2)推理判断题。根据 In the middle of the angry water, in

16、the wind and the noise, the mother bird sat still on her nest-in perfect peace.(在愤怒的水中,在风和噪音中,鸟妈妈静静地 坐在她的巢上一一非常宁静。)可推知,第二幅画通过比较来表达宁静。故选B。(3) 推理判断题。根据 Peace does not mean being in a place where there is no noise,trouble or hard work.Peace means being in the middle of all of these things and yet still

17、 being able to fin d calm and quiet in your heart and to go on with your life.This is the true meaning of peace.(宁静并不 意味着呆在一个没有噪音、没有麻烦、没有艰苦劳动的地方。宁静意味着在所有这些事情当中, 仍然能够在你的内心找到宁静和安宁,继续你的生活。这才是宁静的真谛。)可推知,国王选择 了第二幅画,因为它展示了一种新的宁静理念。故选A。(4) 推理判断题。根据 Peace does not mean being in a place where there is no noi

18、se, trouble or hard work.Peace means being in the middle of all of these things and yet still being able to fin d calm and quiet in your heart and to go on with your life.This is the true meaning of peace.(宁静并不 意味着呆在一个没有噪音、没有麻烦、没有艰苦劳动的地方。宁静意味着在所有这些事情当中, 仍然能够在你的内心找到宁静和安宁,继续你的生活。这才是宁静的真谛。)可推知,宁静是存 在于内

19、心的。故选D。本文主要讲述了国王选择一幅宁静的画的故事。通读全文,了解文章大意,联系上下文,选择正确选项。3437.【答案】C、C、B、D【解析】(1)词义猜测题。根据前文A password is like a key to your home.(密码就像你家的钥匙。) 可知此处意为如果密码被偷了,其他东西可能也会被偷,所以此处it指的是密码。故选C。(2)细节理解题。根据A study of 28,000 passwords reticently stolen from a popular website showed that people often do the easy thing

20、.( 项针对某知名网站上2.8万个被悄悄窃取的密码的研究表明,人们通常会做一些简单的事情。) 可知是因为人们总是喜欢设置简单的密码。故选C。(3)理解判断题。根据 Robert Graham, who did the study,advises people to choose a password that is longer than eight characters with one capital letter(大写字母) and one symbol.(进行这项研究的罗伯特格雷厄姆建议人们选择长度不少于八个字符的密码,其 中要有一个大写字母和一个符号。)结合选项,可知B项符合文意。故

21、选B。(4)理解判断题。根据Of course,safe passwords dont mean those hard to remember.Forgetting your password is sometimes a big headach e for you.Maybe, the perfect password is easy for you but hard for others.(当然, 安全的密码并不意 味着难记。忘记密码有时会让你很头疼。也许,完美的密码对你来说很容易,但对别人来说很难。) 可推知你设置密码之前必须仔细考虑。故选D。这篇短文主要讲述了密码容易被盗的原因:大部分

22、人用简单数字、自己的名字等当作自己的密码, 以及最安全的密码是由什么构成的。在通读全文的基础上,根据全文大意,展开逻辑思维,瞻前顾后,认真辨析选项,仔细推敲,确 定最佳答案。38.【答案】【小题1】The wheel.小题 2 Carriages, trains and cars.【1、题 3 They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.【小题 4 They had to use oil lamps, gas lamps or candles to see at night.小题 5 People c

23、an do as many things as in the evening as they can in the daytime. 【解析】细节理解题。(1) 根据 The wheel is perhaps the greatest invention in history.After its invention, travelling became faster and more comfortable.A few thousand years ago,people started to use wheels on carriages.In the early 19th century,t

24、he first trains began to carry passengers.At the start of the 20th century,cars became popular.Without the wheel, we would not have these inventions.(轮子也许是历 史上最伟 大的发明。自发明以来,旅行变得更快、更舒适。儿千年前,人们开始在马车上使用轮子。19世 纪初,第一列火车开始载客。20世纪初,汽车开始流行。没有轮子,我们就不会有这些发明。); Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first p

25、ractical telephones in 1876.(亚历山大格雷厄姆贝 尔(Alexander Graham Bell)于1876年发明了最早的实用电话之一)和Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879.(托马斯爱迪生于 1879 年发明 了第一 个实用灯泡。)可知,这三样东西中车轮是最先发明的。故填:The wheel.(2) 根据 The wheel is perhaps the greatest invention in history.After its invention, travelling

26、became faster and more comfortable.A few thousand years ago,people started to use wheels on carriages.In the early 19th century,the first trains began to carry passengers.At the start of the 20th century,cars became popular.Without the wheel, we would not have these inventions.(轮子也许是历史上最伟 大的发明。自发明以来

27、,旅行变得更快、更舒适。几千年前,人们开始在马车上使用轮子。19世 纪初,第一列火车开始载客。20世纪初,汽车开始流行。没有轮子,我们就不会有这些发明。) 可知,轮子使车厢、火车和汽车成为可能。故填:Carriages, trains and cars.(3)根据 Since then,people have been able to speak to each other over long distances.Today millions of people across the wo rid own mobile phones.They allow people to keep in t

28、ouch with each other anytime, anywhere.(从那时 起,人们就可以进行远距离通话。今天,全世界数百万人拥有手机。它们允许人们随时随地保持 联系。)可知,手机允许人们随时随地保持联系。故填:They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.(4) 根据 Before the invention of the light bulb, people had to use oil lamps,gas lamps or candles to see at night.(在发明灯泡之

29、前,人们必须使用油灯、煤气灯或蜡烛在夜间观 看。)可知,在灯泡发明之前,人们晚上必须使用油灯、煤气灯或蜡烛在夜间观看。故填:They had to use oil lamps, gas lamps or candles to see at night.(5)根据 With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evening as they can in the daytime.(有 了灯泡,人们可以在晚上做白天能做的事情。)可知,灯泡发明后,人们在晚上可以做很多事情, 做 白天的事情也可以。故填:People can do as m

30、any things as in the evening as they can in the daytime. 本文讲述了车轮、电话和电灯的发明。首先,对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意;其次,细读题材,各个击破;再次,细细阅 读材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。39,【答案】【小题1】inventor【小题2】unaware【小题3】was born【小题4】ability【小题5 to work小题 6 more popular【小题7】seeing【解析】(1)考查名词。句意:他想成为一个著名的发明家。invent发明,分析句子,可知此处 用

31、名词,结合句中不定冠词a,可知,此处用可数名词单数。inventor发明家。故答案为inventor。(2)考查形容词。句意:直到他八岁,他的父母才察觉到他的才智。aware察觉的,not.until. 直到才,句中没有not,故此处用aware的反义词unaware:未觉察到,表示否定含义。故答案 为 unaware o(3)考查动词。句意:他出生在一个普通的家庭。be born出生,常用于一般过去时态,主语是 第三人称单数he, be动词用was。故答案为was born。(4)考查名词。句意:他十三岁有能力发现许多世界难题。able有能力的,定冠词the后接名词 单数ability:能力

32、,表示”特指他的能力”。故答案为ability。(5)考查不定式。句意:他向他的父母许诺要作为一名有用的科学家为社会发展工作。promise to dosth.答应做某事,固定短语。所以此处用动词不定式to work。故答案为to work。(6)考查形容词比较级。句意:自从他参加了电视节目最强大脑,他在全世界比以前更受欢 迎了。popular受欢迎的,结合than可知,此处用形容词比较级,所以用popular的比较级more popular, 故答案为 more popular。(7)考查动名词。句意:让我们期待看到他在科学领域取得更大的进步。see看到,look forward to期盼,

33、to是介词,常后接名词、代词或动名词,所以此处用动名词seeing。故答案为seeing。 本文主要介绍Justin是一个聪明的男孩,他长大想成为发明家。首先要通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,选择正确 形式填空。40.【答案】【小题1】w汕out【小题2】but【小题3】before【小题4】prevent【小题5 does【解析】(1)考查介词和连词。根据 The student played computer games on the Internet all day Saturday, (这个学生周六一整天都在网上玩电脑游戏,)以及Finally,

34、he became very ill.(最后,他病得 很重。)可推知该句句意是:没有停下来喝水、吃饭或睡觉。without (没有),所以用介词without; 根据 In the past, students used to play outside more often, (B) now they spend more time(C) computers.(在过去,学生们经常在外面玩,但现在他们花更多的时间在电脑前。)可 知,前后句是转折关系,所以用转折词but。故填without; buto(2)考查同义词或近义词。根据 In the past, students used to pla

35、y outside more often, (B) now they spend more time (C) computers.(在过去,学生们经常在外面玩,但现在他们花更 多的时间在电脑前。)可知,in front of是在前面”的意思,before (在前面),所以应用介词 before; 根据 I hope we can all work together to(F) students from spending too much time playing computer games.(我希望我们能起努力阻止学生花太多时间玩电脑游戏。)可知,stop是“阻止”的意思。prevent(

36、阻止),所以此处用prevento故填 before; prevento(3)词义匹配题。根据This is bad for their health.(这对他们的健康是有害的。)可知,be bad for.(对有害)固定短语,do harm to (对有害)固定短语,主语是this,第三人称单数,所以谓语 动词用does。故填does; to。(4)汉译英题。他们they,也also,将will,如何做某事how to do sth.,关于给出建议give advice on,使用电脑 use computero 句子首字母大写。故填 They will also give some adv

37、ice on how to use computers for studying.(5)细节理解题。根据Good afternoon, parents and teachers.(各位家长老师下午好。)可知,参 加会议人员是家长和老师。故填parents; teachers。本文介绍了电脑的用处,但从另一个方面来说,孩子们使用电脑太长时间会有很大影响,所以呼 吁所有人一起来阻止孩子们玩电脑太长时间。这是个综合型阅读题,题目中有英汉互译题、也有问答题,主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识 运用能力.答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案;英汉互译题需要根据句意及汉英语 言各自的语法习惯来翻译;而

38、主观发挥题则要联系文章内容进行适当发挥。41 【答案】【小题1】more【小题2 than、题 3 Water yoga will be more popular than other types of yoga.【小题4】stops【小题5 from【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据and more,可知是more and more越来越多,固定短语。故答案 为:more; than。(2)汉译英。根据题干,可知:water yoga水上瑜伽;be more popular than比更受欢迎;othertypes of yoga 其他类型的瑜伽。故答案为:Water yoga will be

39、more popular than other types of yoga.(3 )句型转换题 o 根据 Harish believes that water yoga really helps people to keep away from illness.(哈里什相信水上瑜伽真的能帮助人们远离疾病。)可知:help sb to keep away from相当于stop sb fromo时态是一般现在时,主语是单数,接动词第三人称单数形式。故答案为:stops; from。(4)细节理解题。根据前一句 It is more difficult to practise yoga in wa

40、ter than on land.(在水中练瑜 伽比在陆地上练要难得多)可知,But practising yoga in water can be good for your body.(但在水中 练习瑜伽对你的身体有好处。)语前文构成转折关系。故nBut practising yoga in water can be good for your body J, 应该放在处 c 故答案为: c(5)细节理解题。根据 You may have heard of Hhot yoganbefore.Now, in India, a new kind of yoga, water yoga, is

41、becoming (A) and more welcome among the local people.(你可能听说过热瑜 伽”。现在,在印度,一种新的瑜伽一一水瑜伽正在变得越来越受当地人的欢迎。)可知,文章提 到的瑜伽类型有 hot yoga; water yogao 故答案为:hot yoga; water yogao本文讲述一位印度的律师教孩子们练习水中瑜伽的故事。在通读全文的基础上,根据全文大意,展开逻辑思维,瞻前顾后,认真辨析选项,仔细推敲,确 定最佳答案。42 .【答案】talk to me【解析】短语辨析。(1)句意:我希望我的电脑能和我说话。根据Then I will nev

42、er be lonely.(这样我就永远不会孤 独。)可知,希望我的电脑能和我说话。故答案为:talk to me。(2)句意:我希望我的电脑能够成为一面魔镜。根据Then I can know whatever is happening outside without going anywhere.(这样我就可以知道夕卜面发生 了什么事,而不用去任何地方。)可知,希望我的电脑能够成为一面魔镜。故答案为:amagic mirror。 (3)句意:我想让我的电脑在家里教我一些东西,这样我就不必每天上学了。根据句意,可知为 teach me lessons教我”符合句意。故答案为:teach me

43、 lessonso(4)句意:我希望我的电脑能够识别我的声音和文字。根据Then I will never need to type.(那我 就不需要打字了。)可知,希望我的电脑能够识别我的声音和文字。故答案为ecognize my voiceo(5)句意:然后我就会知道我长大后会是什么样子。根据I would also like my computer to be able to take me to the future.(我还希望我的电脑能够带我走向未 来。)可知,我就会知道我长大后会是什么样子。故答案为:will be likeo本文讲述了计算机是20世纪最伟大的发明之一。近年来,它变

44、得越来越流行。我们大多数人,包 括我在内,家里至少有一台电脑。本题考查从方框中选出可以填入短文空白处的短语,需要根据题干和文章,写出正确的答案。43 .【答案】Dear Mike,My family bought a new computer last month.Let me introduce it to you.It looks nice.The monitor and the keyboard are white.The speakers and the main unit are black.I like the mouse best because it is so small a

45、nd cute.When you move the mouse, the light on it will shine.(新电 脑的基本信息)My new computer is more expensive, but it can calculate at a higher speed.I use my computer to write some homework reports and to get on the Internet too.lt works much better and never breaks down.In addition, my new computer has

46、 a larger monitor so that I can see pictures and articles more clearly.(与 之前电脑对比,新电脑的优势)I hope that your family will also change the old computer.高分句型一】I am looking forward to your letter .【高分句型二】(希望与期待)Yours,Li Hua【解析】【高分句型一】I hope that your family will also change the old computer.我希望你的家人也会更换旧电脑。宾

47、语从句。【高分句型二】I am looking forward to yourletter.我期待着你的来信。look forward to 期待。能够根据提示进行书面表达,能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等,清楚连 贯地表达自己的思想,进而完成写作任务。I have had a long and interesting life.I have done many different things.When I left school, I became a nurse and learnt a lot about (20) and medicine.Then I marrie

48、d your grandfather.He was a naturalist (自然 学家)to study(21) and animals, so his job was(22) interesting than mine.He often took me to many different parts of the world and I (23) many countries and their wildlife.Then my(24) -your father and hisso I learnt the (25) of many sport fromso I learnt the (25) of many sport fromtwo brothers-were born.They grew up and liked all kinds of sports,them.11. A. little12. A. someone13. A. promises14. A. anything15. A. copy16. A. replied17. A. remember18. A. monit

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