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1、2019考研英语二试题Section I Use of EnglishRead the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHET(10 points)Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations 1, when done too often, this habit can so
2、metimes hurt morethat it 2 二As for me, weighing myself every day caused ma to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4 the number on t
3、he scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in yo
4、ur weight 7 altering your training program. The most 8 changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.For these 9 I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 .Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to 11 my weight eac
5、h week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program.I use my bimonthly weight-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but Im constantly 15 and drop
6、ping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. Im experiencing increased zeal fbr working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh-in. Fve also expe
7、rienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals. 19 Tm training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you kook, feel, how you clothes fit and your overall energy level.1. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. However D. Besid
8、es2. A. cares B. warns C. reduces D. helps3. A solely B. occasionally C. formally D. initiallyC: are far from sufficientD: are far from rationalPart BDirections:You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45)
9、. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Five ways to make conversation with anyoneIn choosing a new home, Camille MeClainfs kids have a single demand: a backyard.MeClains little ones arent the only kids who have an opinion when it comes to housing, and in many cases youngsters* views weig
10、h heavily on parents1 real estate decisions, according to a 2018 Harris Poll survey of more than 2,000While more families buck an older-generation proclivity to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions, realty agents and psychologists have mixed views about the financial, personal and long
11、-term effects kids1 opinions may have.The idea of involving children in a big decision is a great idea because it can help them feel a sense of control and ownership in what can be an overwhelming process, said Ryan Hooper, a clinical psychologist in Chicago.“Children may face serious difficulties i
12、n coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system/ he said.Greg Jaroszewski, a real estate brokers with Gagliardo Realty Associates, said hes not convinced that kids should be involved in selecting a home - but their opinions should be conside
13、red in regards to proximity to friends and social activities, if possible,Younger children should feel like theyre choosing their home-without actually getting a choice in the matter, said Adam Bailey, a real estate attorney based in New York.Asking them questions about what they like about the back
14、yard of a potential home will make them feel like theyre being included in the decision-making process, Bailey said.Many of the aspects of home buying arent a consideration for children, said Tracey Hampson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Calif. And placing too much emphasis on their op
15、inions can ruin a fantastic home purchase.Speaking with your children before you make a real estate decision is wise, but I wouldnt base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions.n Hampson said.The other issue is that many children - especially older ones-may base their real estate knowledge
16、on HGTV shows,said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in Riverside,Calif“They love Chip and Joanna Gaines just as much as the rest of usj he said. “HGTV has seriously changed how people view real estate. Its not shelter , its a lifestyle. With that mindset change come some serious money consequences/*
17、Kids tend to get stuck in the features and the immediate benefits to them personally, Norris said.Parents need to remind their children that their needs, and desires may change over time, said Julie Gumer, a real estate analyst withTheir opinions can change tomorrow/1 Gurner said. nHarsh as it may b
18、e to say, that decision should likely not be made contingent on a childs opinions, but rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best and give them an opportunity to customize it a bit and make it their own.This advice is more relevant now than ever before, ev
19、en as more parents want to embrace the ideas of their children,despite the current housing crunch.A. remarks that significant moves may pose challenges to children.41, Ryan HooperB. says that it is wise to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions.42. Adam BaileyC. advises that home purchas
20、es should not be based only on childrens opinions.43, Tracey HampsonD. thinks that children should be given a sense of involvement in homebuying decisions.44. Aaron NorrisE. notes that aspects like childrens friends and social activities should be considered upon home buying.45, Julie GumnerF. belie
21、ves that home buying decisions should be based on childrens needs ratherthan their opinions.G. assumes that many childrens views on real estate are influenced by the media.Section II TranslationTranslate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)I
22、t is easy to underestimate English writer James Heriot, He had such a pleasant, readable style that one might think that anyone could imitate it. How many times have I heard people say nI could write a book. I just havent the time.n Easily said. Not so easily done. James Herriot, contrary to popular
23、 opinion, did not find it easy in his early days of, as he put it, “ having a go at the writing game H . While he obviously had an abundance of natural talent, the final, polished work that he gave to the world was the result of years of practising. Re-writing and reading. Like the majority of autho
24、rs, he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, but these made him all the more determined to succeed. Everything he achieved in life was earned the hard way and his success in the literary field was no exception.Section IV WritingPart ADirections: Suppose professor Smith ask
25、 you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic, write an email to him.1) Suggest a topic and with your reasons,2) And your arrangement,You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Dont use your own name, use Zhang WeiHinstead. Dont write your address.(10 points)Part BDirections:Write an
26、essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you shouldinterpret the chart, and1) give your comments.You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)4. A lowering B. recording5. A.6. A. depiction B. distribution C.7. A. regardless of B. aside from C. along with D. due t
27、o8. A. rigid B. precise C. immediate D. orderly9. reasons C. methods D. claims10. A. though B. again D. instead11. A. track B. overlook report12. A. approve of B. hold onto forD. depend on13. A. share B. adjust C. confirm D prepare14. A. features B. rules results15. A anxious B. D. bored16. A. secre
28、t B belief C. sign D. principle17. A. necessity B. decision request18. A. surprising B. restricting C. consuming D. disappointing19. A. because B.20. A. dominating B. obsessingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A DirectionsRead the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choo
29、sing A, B, C or D. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET (40 points)Text 1Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a childs growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children arent born knowing how to say Im sorry”; rather, the
30、y learn over time thatsuch statements appease parents and friends - and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. It is deeply uncomfortable - its t
31、he emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Yet this understanding is outdated. There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve/ says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia, adding that this reviva
32、l is part of a larger recognition that emotions arent binary -feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities. Too much happiness can be destructive.And guilt, by prompting us to think
33、 more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the Univers
34、ity of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing mor
35、e guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses. And vice versa: High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.In a 2014 study, for example, Malti looked at 244 children Using caregiver assessments and the childrens self-observations, she rated each childs overall sympathy level and his or her tenden
36、cy to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to shared them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones shared more,
37、even though they hadnt magically become more sympathetic to the other childs deprivationThats good news, Malti says. n We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret.”21. Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may helpA) foster a childs moral developmentB) regulat
38、e a childs basic emotionsC) improve a childs intellectual abilityD) intensity a childs positive feelings22. According to paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to beA) inexcusableB) deceptionC) addictiveD) burdensome23. Vaish hold that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness thatA)
39、emotions air context-independentB)an emotion can play opposing rolesC) emotion are socially constructiveD) emotional stability can benefit healthMalti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing：A. may help correct emotional deficienciescan result from either sympathy or guiltB. can bring abo
40、ut emotional satisfactionmay be the outcome of impulsive aets24. The word ntransgressionsn (Line 4, Para. 5) is closest in meaning toTeachingsA. discussionsRestrictionsB. D. wrongdoingsText 2Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we
41、 humans count on forests to soak up a good share of thechange we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap . but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuablencarbon sinks long in
42、to the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now, California is leading the way,as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details.The states proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest. This
43、temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity. But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, restoring the forest*s capacity to pull carbon from the air. Healthy trees are also better able to fend off insects. The landscape is rendered less easily bur
44、nable. Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees are consumed.The need for such planning is increasingly urgent. Already, since 2010,drought and insects have killed over lOOmillion trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone, and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres.California pla
45、ns to treat 35,000 acres of forest a year by 2020, and 60,00 by 2030- financed from the proceeds of the state* s emissions- permit auctions, That*s only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk
46、of fire or drought.The strategy also aims to ensure that carbon in woody material removed from the forests is locked away in the form of solid lumber or burned as biofuel in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels. New research on transportation biofuels is already under way.State governme
47、nts are well accustomed to managing forests, but traditionally theyve focused on wildlife, watersheds and opportunities for recreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon. Califormia plan, which is expected to be finalized by the governor n
48、ext year, should serve as a model.25. By saying one of the harder challenges Jthe author implies thatglobal climate change may get out of controlA. people may misunderstand global warmingextreme weather conditions may ariseB. forests may become a potential threatTo maintain forests as valuable carbo
49、n sinks J we may need toA. preserve the diversity of species in themaccelerate the growth of young treesB. strike a balance among different plantslower their present carbon- absorbing capacity26. Californias Forest Carbon Plan endeavors tocultivate more drought-resistant treesA. reduce the density of