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1、.页脚.书信的写作书信的写作一、书信的格式一、书信的格式书信写作的备考主要侧重三个方面：熟悉书信的格式、分辨书信的类别以及熟记书信的常用语。雅思考试中心自 2006 年起已经明确规定考生不需要写日期和地址。因此，雅思书信的写作主要分三个部分：称呼、主体部分和署名。1.1.称呼称呼有三种常用的称呼（salutation）方法：如果收信人是一个企业、团体或者机构，不知道收信人的名字和性别，郝么就用Dear Sir or Madam，或者 To whom it may concern；如果收信人是一个认识的人（知道这今人的姓名和性别），但是这个人并不是熟悉或者亲密的朋友，那么一般用 Dear Mr.
2、(or Ms.)+收信人的姓，例如，Dear Mr.Gates、Dear Ms.Claik；如果收信人是熟识的朋友，那么一般用 Dear+收信人的名，例如，Dear John。2.2.主体部分主体部分主体部分根据信件的功能而变化。信件有木同的功能和目的，可以分为投诉信、询问信、建议信、求助信、道歉（解释）信、感谢信、邀请信和求职信。按照功能的不同，信件所使用的语气和用词都不一样。一般来说，除了投诉信可以使用比较强烈的语气外，其他信件最好采用比较礼貌和客气的用语。另外，收信人和你的关系也需要考虑在内。一般来说，如果和收信人比较熟悉，那么正式的语言就不是非常合适；对比而言，如果和收信人不是非常熟悉
3、，那么用正式的语言比较恰当。譬如说，如果写信给很亲密的朋友，信件的第一段甚至可以使用 How are you?这种比较口语化的句子。书信主体部分的内容详见“书信的分类”。3.3.信末的礼貌语和署名信末的礼貌语和署名如果写信，常用 yours faithfully,yours truly；yours sincerely，这是最常见的用语；如果写给很好的朋友，一般用 yours,with love and best wishes,lots of love等。签名可以随便写，不一定要写自己的真名，如 Mary,Jane,Bill,Tom 等。.页脚.二、书信的分类二、书信的分类1.1.投诉信（投诉信
4、（letterletter ofof complaintcomplaint）投诉信是雅思作文中最常见的信件形式，出现的机会大概有 30%左右。在写投诉信的时候，要注意以下内容：具体描述当时的情形，譬如说，人物、时间、地点和原因。（Provide a descriptionof the situation with details,such as who,when,where and why.）指出具体的问题。（Specify what the problem is.)概括说明问题所产生的后果。（Outline the consequences of the problem.）提出并支持自己一个
5、特定的要求。（Make and justify a specific claim.）清晰说明读信的人可以做什么来补救目前的局面。（Indicate clearly what thereader can do to remedy the situation.）建议解决方法并指明解决的时间限制。（Suggest solutions and specify deadlinesor time limits.）未必一定要使用激烈的言辞，最好使用比较礼貌的用语。（Not necessarily harshtone,preferably polite.）2.2.咨询信（咨询信（inquiryinquiry
6、letterletter）咨询信（和求助信）在雅思作文中也非常常见，出现的机会大概有 25%。在写咨询信的时候，要注意以下内容：指明你所需要的信息。（Specify what information you need.）指出你为什么需要这些信息。（Indicate why you need this information.）指明你什么时候需要信息。（Specify when you need the information.）避免语意含糊不清和泛泛而谈。（Avoid vague or general letters.）要求对方迅速回复的时候要礼貌。（A polite request for
7、a quick reply.）3.3.求助信（求助信（requestrequest letterletter）求助信和咨询信其实性质一样，大体可以归为一类，区别在于求助信的语气更加恳切。在写求助信的时候，要注意以下内容：阐述你所需要的帮助。（Clarity what you are asking for.）支持你自己的要求。（Justifyyour request.）说服读信的人答复并同意你的要求。（Persuade the reader to reply and agree toyour request.）提出对帮助答谢，譬如说金钱。（Offer incentives,e.g.,money.
8、）说明时间期限。（Specifydeadlines.）4.4.道歉信（道歉信（letterletter ofof apologyapology）道歉信也是雅思作文的常考信件形式，出现的机会大概在 25%左右。在写道歉信的时候，要注意以下内容：对错误提出解释，并提出有力的观点和侧重事实。（Offer explanations,presentstrong|points and focus on facts.）避免归咎其他人。（Avoid blaming others.）提出解决方法。（Propose a solution.）考虑收信人的情绪。（Satisfy the readers emotion
9、s.）建立信用和信任。（Establish creditability and trust.）.页脚.用词和语气要礼貌体貼。（Bepoliteandthoughtfiilm vocabulary and tone.）5.5.建议信建议信/提供信息信（提供信息信（letterletter toto provideprovide informationinformation oror adviceadvice）建议信在雅思考试中也比较普遍，出现的机会大概是 20%。建议信和前面几种信件的不同之处在于，建议信常常是收到对方来信之后的一个回复。在信件的开始部分，常出现reference to.”或者“
10、I am pleased to learn that.”这些字眼，表示已经知道对方的计划和意向。在写建议信的时候，要注意以下内容：详细地提供建议。（Offer advice in great detail.）根据要求提供信息。（Provide information as required.）强调所有重要的事项。（Stress all matters of importance.）将最重要的建议放在首位。（Prioritise the most important advice.）表达自己愿意提供进一步的帮助。（Show willingness to provide furthersuppor
11、t.）6.6.感谢信（感谢信（letterletter ofof thanksthanks）感谢信在雅思作文中非常少见。即便出现，也经常是和其他的信件结合，譬如说道歉信或者求助信。在写感谢信的时候，要注意以下内容：表示谢意。（Expressgratitude.）强调所获得支持的重要性。（Stress the importance of the support.）维持和收信人的关系。（Maintain a relationship with the reader.）7.7.邀请信（邀请信（invitationinvitation letterletter）邀请信在雅思作文中出现的机会也很低。原因
12、再能是考试中心觉得移民到新的国家，短时间不大可能会写邀请信。在写邀请信的时候，要注意以下内容：大概描述活动或者计划的内容。（Outline the event,function,plan oractivity.）指定被邀请参加的人。（Specify who is invited.）指定日期、地址和时间。（Specify the date,address and time.）如果恰当的话，清楚地说明对着装的要求。（If appropriate,indicate clearlywhat type of dress is preferred.）设定要求对方回信的日期。（Set the deadlin
13、e of reply.）8.8.求职信（求职信（letterletter ofof applicationapplication）理论上，求职信应该是雅思作文重点考查的内容，毕竟移民到了一个国家，首先要求职。然而，在考试当中，求职信出现的几率却很低。在写求职信的时候，要注意以下内容：明确指出自己为什么对该工作感兴趣。（Indicate clearly why you are interestedin this job.）使信件内容符合工作的特点。（Adapt the letter to a job.）准确回应雇主的要求。（Respond precisely to the requirement
14、s of theemployer.）强调相关的细节信息，譬如说教育背景、工作经验和个人才能。（Emphasise the mostrelevant details,e.g.,education,experience and talents.）争取做到简洁和清晰。（Strive for brevity and clarity.）信带有个人特色。（Write a personal letter.）.页脚.留下地址和名字。（Leave your name and address clearly.）三、书信的常用语三、书信的常用语A.A.投诉信（投诉信（letterletter ofof compla
15、intcomplaint）信头：信头：1.1.I am writing to complain about a serious defect found in the computer I boughtfrom you.我写信来投诉我从你们那里所购买电脑的一个问题。2.2.I am writing to notify you of a claim for damaged goods against your company.我写信是对责公司的损坏产品提出索赔。3.3.I am writing to request you to take corrective actions concernin
16、g我写信请求你采取弥补的措施。4.4.I am writing to express my concern/dissatisfaction about我写信来表达我对的关注/不满。5.5.I would like to draw your attention that我希望可以引起你对的注意。6.6.It has come to my attention that 已经引起我的注意。7.7.A very serious problem has arisen in connection with a language course youprovided and operated.你们提供并负责
17、的语言课程已经出现个严重的题。8.8.I am writing to request a full refund of the course fee I have paid.我写信请求得到我所支付课程费用的全额退款。9.9.Over the last few weeks I have become increasingly concerned about my neiihourerratic habit,burning rubbish in his garden.在过去的几周里，我越发关注我邻居的古怪行为他在花园里烧垃圾。10.10.I sincerely regret having to w
18、rite this letter and have been delaying it in thehope that things would improve.写这样的一封信，我由衷地感到抱歉。我一直拖延写此信，本是寄希望于情况可以有所改观。11.11.I am writing to request a refund of the 300 dollars I paid for the CD player.我写信请求获得我买 CD 机支付的 300 无的退款。12.12.I am writing to ask you to replace the CD player I bought from
19、your shop with.页脚.another in good working order.我写信来要求退换在你店购买的 CD 机。13.13.I thought I should draw your attention to the situation since 我想引起你们对这种情况的关注，因为14.14.The devastating efifect could be multiplied if this problem cannot be solvedimmediately.如果这个问题不能够立即得到解决，那么它将产生更坏的影响。15.15.I am certain that t
20、his situation is causing us considerable anxiety.我可以肯定这种情况正在造成我们极大的不安。16.16.I would be grateful if you could manage to help me out of the problem.如果您可以帮助我处理这个问题，我将不胜感激。信末：信末：1.1.Unless you take prompt action to correct the cars defects or refund thepurchase price in full,I will be forced to take leg
21、al action.除非你们立即采取行动修理汽车的毛病，或者按购买价全额退款，否则我将被迫采取法律行动。2.2.I believe this is the only way to get this matter settled.我相信这是解决这个问题的唯一办法。；3.3.Please make the adjustment to my bill.请重新核对我的账单。4.4.It is too bad&is unfortunate accident occurred.Otherwise,I was very pleasedwith your service.这种不幸的发生实在令人遗憾。你们的服务
22、本来还是很令我满意的。5.5.I will have to refer this matter to my attorney.我将不得不把此事移交我的律师处理。6 6.I am glad to see what you can do to rectify this situation.关于您将如何扭转这个局面，我拭目以待。7.7.I urge you to reconsider your consideration.我请求您重新考虑您的决定。8.8.I would be grateful if you would ensure that the same thing does not happ
23、en again.如果您能保证这样的事情不再发生，我将不胜感激。.页脚.9.9.If you could find time to let us know,it would set our minds at rest.如果您能在百忙中抽出时间通知我们，我们将感到非常欣慰。10.10.I am reluctant to take the matter up elsewhere and hope that you will be ableto let me have some explanation of the incident.我不愿意就此事再寻找其他解决途径，而希望您可以就整个事件给我一个解
24、释。11.11.A time for further discussion on this issue can be arranged either by telephoningme at 13456789 or writing to me via the address 可以通过给我打电话（13456789）或者写信（地址是）来安排进一步商讨这个问题的时间。12.12.I hope we can work something out to our mutual benefit.我希望我们可以找出符合双方利益的方案。13.13.Your agreement to the suggested c
25、ourse of action will be appreciated.若您认同所提议的做法，我们将表示感激。14.14.Your comments will be appreciated.我们对您的意见表示感激。15.15.I would like to discuss this matter with you further.Please contact me at021047564.I look forward to resolving this matter with you.我希望进一步和您讨论这问题。请电话与我联系（021047564）。我期待与您共同解决这个问题。16.16.I
26、believe this matter can be resolved quickly and look forward to your earlyreply.我相信这个问题可以很快得到解决。期望您尽早答复。17.17.Please let me know what you propose in relation to this issue as soon as possible.请尽快让我知道你对于此事的提议18.18.I am sorry to write to you in this manner and I hope that you will not be offended.我很抱歉
27、用这种方式给您写信，希望不会给您带来任何不快。19.19.If this matter is not put right soon,I fear it could have serious consequences.如果这个问题不能很快得到妥善处理，我担心会有严重的后果。20.20.I await your reply and trust that it will contain an explanation that somemistakes have been made by your company.我等待您的答复。我相信您的答复会包含一个关于贵公司所犯错误的解释。21.21.I wou
28、ld like to stress that I will npt tolerate a situation like this.页脚.我想强调的一点是，我不会再容忍类似情形的发生。22.22.I trust that you will be able to correct these matters without delay and thatno further action will be necessary on my part.我相信您可以毫不拖延地处理此事，而且不需要我采取任何进一步的行动。23.23.I understand that my rights are covered
29、by laws and I am looking to your companyfor a return of the price paid within 14 days.我知道我的权益受到法律保护。我等待着贵公司在 14 日内全额退款。24.24.I would be glad of a reply without further delay,or I may have to consider legalaction.我很乐意接到您的及时答复；否则，我或许不待不考虑采取法律行动。25.25.I am wondering if it would be possible for us to me
30、et and discuss the situation.我想知道我们是否可以见面并商讨现在的情形。26.26.I hope we can meet and get it sorted out very soon.我希望我们可以尽快见面并解决此事。27.27.I trust that we can resolve this matter quickly and amicably.我相信我们可以迅速、友好地解决这一问题。28.28.If I do not hear fixjm you within the next seven days,I will have no optionbut to g
31、o to the city council to have my complaint heard.如果在未来的七天之内不能收到你的答复，我将别无他选，而只能去市委会投诉。29.29.I am sure you will understand that this problem is causing me considerableinconvenience and expense,and I am anxious to have it settled as soon aspossible.我肯定您会理解这个问题正在给我造成的极大不便和损失。我急切地想要尽快解决这个问题。30.30.I look
32、forward to receiving a replacement as soon as possible.我期待着尽快收到调换品。31.31.I think that 300 dollars would be a reasonable sum of compensation and I lookforward to receiving your cheque.我相信 300 元是比较合理的味楼顧度。我期待着收到您的支票。32.32.If it happens again I will commence legal action without further notice.如果此类事情再次
33、发生的话，我会采取法律行动，而不另行通知。B.B.咨询信（咨询信（inquiryinquiry letterletter）.页脚.1.1.I am writing to enquire whether I may become a member of your club.我写信咨询是否可以加入你们的俱乐部。2.2.I would be grateful if you could let me know your annual fee charges and anyother information which would be useful.如果您能告知有关年费或其他任何有用的信息，我将非常感
34、激。3.3.Please let me know as soon as possible how you propose to settle this matter.请尽快让我知道您对解决此事的建议。4.4.You are welcome to call in or to telephone me at 021 56789.欢迎您来访，或给我打电话 02156789。5.5.Please contact me on 021 567894 if you would like to talk about it further.如果您愿意就此事进一步商讨，请联系我（021567894）。6.6.Th
35、ank you for your attention.感请您的关注。7.7.Please let me know as soon as possible whether or not you will accept this offer.请尽快告知您是否可以接受这个条件。8.8.Although at this time of year you will have more work to deal with than usual,I would appreciate a reply in a not too distant future.虽然一年当中这个时候您要处理更多的工作，我仍期待着在不
36、久的将来能得到您的答复。C.C.求助信（求助信（requestrequest letterletter）1.1.I would like to make an appointment to speak with you about my wallet I loston the flight AUS 123.我想预约个时间和您说一下我在 AUS 123 航班上所丢失的钱包2.2.I would like to arrange an appointment fpr next Friday(15 October)at fourfifteen.我想预约时间会面下个星期五（十月十五日）的四点十五分。3.
37、3.I would be grateful if you could give any assistance.我会感激您所提供的任何协助。4.4.I would be most grateful if you can give me instructions.如果您能为我提#任何指导，我将非常感激。5.5.I would be very grateful for any advice you can offer.对于您提供的任何建议，我都非常感激。.页脚.6.6.I do hope you will be able to send me a favourable reply and I loo
38、k forward tohearing from you in due course.我真诚希望您可以给我一个理想的答复，期待着能及时得到您的回答。7.7.I would be most grateful if you would intervene in this matter.如果您能够处理此事，我会非常感激。8.8.I hope you will consider my request fevourably.希望您能很好地考虑我的请求。D.D.道歉信（道歉信（letterletter ofof apologyapology）1 1.I just wanted to write you a
39、 quick note to apologise for not being able to keepour appointment tomorrow.我想通过这封短信为我明天无法赴约而道歉。2.2.In deference to your valuable time,I would like to get straight to the pointand admit that Iwas wrong.鉴于您宝贵的时间，我愿意直接承认这是我的过错。3.3.I just really hope that you will be able to accept my apology.我真心希望您可以接
40、受我的道歉。4.4.Please accept my apologies for.请接受我对于的道歉。5.5.Please accept my sincere apology for missing the interview scheduled for关于错过了原定于的面试，请接受我诚恳的道歉。6.6.Please accept my apology for the delay and thank you for your understanding.请接受我关于日期推迟的道歉，感谢你的理解。7.7.I will do everything in my power to ensure tha
41、t this type of error does not occuragain.我将会尽我所能确保此类错误不再出现。8.8.Although I make every attempt to insure that.,this unfortunate incident eanoccasionally occur.虽然我会尽力确保，但是这种不幸的事情偶尔还是会发生。E.E.建议信建议信/提供信息信（提供信息信（tettertetter toto provideprovide informationinformation oror adviceadvice）1.1.If I can be of a
42、ny assistance in any way,please do not hesitate to call on me.如果有任何我可以协助的地方，请直接联系我。.页脚.2.2.I am available at Flat 304,Green Revenue,St.Eden if you require any furtherinformation.如果您需要更多信息，可以到 St.Eden,Green Revenue 的 304 公寓找我。3.3.I am happy to supply any fiather information you may require and I look
43、 forwardto hearing from you shortly.我很乐意为您提供任何需要的信息，期待着很快收到您的回复。4.4.Please contact me if I can be of any assistance.如果有需要我帮助的地方，请与我联系。F.F.感谢信（感谢信（letterletter ofof thanksthanks）1.1.I just wanted to send a note to say how much I appreciate the help you have givenme.给您写这封信是想告诉您我是多么欣赏您给我提供的帮助。2.2.I am
44、writing to thank you for permitting us to use your resources.我写信感谢您允许我使用您们的资源。3.3.With very best wishes and thanks.带着最好的祝愿和谢意。4.4.I appreciate the support you have provided and your assistance has beeninvaluable to me.感谢你所提供的支持。你的协助对我来说是无价的。G.G.邀请信（邀请信（invitationinvitation letterletter）1.1.Perhaps y
45、ou could give us a call or write to us to let us know what time youexpect to arrive.或者您可以打电话或写信通知我们您大概什么时候到达。2.2.I thank you in anticipation of your arrival.感谢并期待您的光临。3.3.I am so pleased that you are planning to drop by.得知你将光临寒舍，我很高兴。4.4.I would like to offer you.我愿意为您提供5.5.I would like to invite yo
46、u to dinner and be our guest.我想邀请您来作客，和我们共进晚餐。6.6.I would like to invite you to join us and attend this meeting.页脚.我想邀请您和我们一起出席这一会议。7.7.I am glad to invite you to participate in my graduation ceremony.我很乐意邀请您参加我的毕业典礼。8.8.I am honoured to invite you to our wedding,as I understand that you only cometo
47、 visit on special occasions.能够邀请您参加我们的婚礼我倍感荣幸，因为我知道您只出席特殊的场合。H.H.求职信（求职信（letterletter ofof applicationapplication）1 1.Further to your advertisement in yesterdays Washington Herald for a seniorPA,I would very much like to be considered for this vacancy.就贵公司昨天在华盛顿先驱报上关于私人助理的广告，我希望自己有机会填补这个空缺。2.2.I am
48、writing with regard to your vacancy for a language tutor.我写信应聘贵方语言辅导教师一职。3.3.I was most interested to read your advertisement for a bookkeeper and feel Icould be just the person for your vacancy.对于贵方刊登的簿记员一职的广告，我很感兴趣，觉得自己非常适合这个职位。4.4.I write to enquire if you have an opening for a sales representati
49、ve.我写信是想咨询您在销售代表一职上是否有空余的职位。5.5.I do hope that I will be successful,and that I may hear from you in the nearfuture.我真心希望可以成功，并在近期得到您的答复。6.6.I do hope that I may be considered for the job and that you may invite me forinterview in the near future.真心希望您可以考虑我的申请，同时希望您可以给我参加面试的机会。四、书信写作范例四、书信写作范例TopicTo
50、pic 1:1:TheThe streetstreet wherewhere youyou livelive isis inin poorpoor condition.condition.WriteWrite a a letterletter toto CityCityCouncil.Council.InIn youryour letter,letter,youyouExplainExplain thethe situationsituationExplainExplain thethe likelylikely consequenceconsequenceDescribeDescribe t