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1、短文改错专题短文改错专题How to correct a composition2021/8/9 星期一1（1 1）词词法法内内容容。包包括括名名词词、代代词词的的数数与与格格，反反身身代代词词，动动词词时时态态语语态态，非非谓谓语语动动词词、短短语语动动词词的的用用法法，不不规规则则动动词词的的变变化化形形式式，形形容容词词的的比比较较级级，形容词副词的区别，介词的误用等。形容词副词的区别，介词的误用等。（2 2）句句法法内内容容。包包括括主主谓谓一一致致、指指代代一一致致，并并列列连连词词，从从属属连连词词等等引引导导各各种种从从句句的的关关联联词词语语，感感叹句，疑问句，祈使句的结构等。
2、叹句，疑问句，祈使句的结构等。（3 3）行行文文逻逻辑辑。包包括括句句子子的的肯肯定定、否否定定、推推理理判判断等断等。短文改错高考内容高考内容2021/8/9 星期一2a.(00)She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.schoolmatesb.(04)After class we become stranger at once.strangersc.(01)They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get marks in all my
3、 subject.subjects1.名词名词考点设置考点设置e.(02)On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.pictures2021/8/9 星期一3e.(05)There are advantage for students to work while studying at school 命题特点:本来用复数,却用单数.改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份;(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.f.(06)He had no ideas that the kitchen was n
4、ot for guests.advantagesidea2021/8/9 星期一4a.(02)It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three of them were very excited.b.(03)Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English.c.(03)One day I wrote a little story and showed to
5、 my teacher.us2.代词代词myselfitd.(05)Some students may also save up for our college or future use.their2021/8/9 星期一5e.(03)I was learning to express me in simple English.f.(06)I just smiled to me and thought,“What can I do?We are guests after all.”命题特点：命题特点：1.女性代词指代男性或相反；女性代词指代男性或相反；2.单数指代复数；单数指代复数；3.代词
6、词性误用。代词词性误用。改正方法：改正方法：联系上下文的逻辑关系。联系上下文的逻辑关系。myselfmyselfthey2021/8/9 星期一6a.(01)we do not seem to get much time to talk about together.b.(02)I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.c.(03)The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate
7、 anything into English.d.(04)Well talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.3.介词aboutataboute.(05)I am writing to thank you with your kind help.forin2021/8/9 星期一7f.(06)He was looking for a glass the cupboard.in命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：1）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；3）动词词类确定错误，如talk,serve,wait等。2021/8/
8、9 星期一8a.(01)They did not want me to do any work at home;they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that-dob.(02)The time passes quickly.Evening came.c.(03)She liked it very much and reads it to the class.d.(04)I dont know that they dont like to talk with me.Sometimes,we talked to each other
9、 very well in class.4.动词时态passedreadtalk2021/8/9 星期一9f.(05)I will write again and send you the photos we take together.g.(06)We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago.命题特点及改正方法：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。tookhad2021/8/9
10、星期一10a.(00)She is smiling at me but nodding at me .andb.(01)It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.c.(02)The food was expensive and the service was good.or5.andbutor误用及前后不一致d.(06)I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the lig
11、ht.e.(02)we fed monkeys,visiting temples and told stories.butandvisited2021/8/9 星期一11f.(03)she liked it very much and reads it to the class.命题特点及改正方法：主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误用。1）根据句意确定错误；2）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误read2021/8/9 星期一12a.(02)It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.inb.(04)I dont kn
12、ow that they dont like to talk with me.c.(03)The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.how6.从句连词d.(01)What things are in other homes,I wonder.whywhen2021/8/9 星期一13f.(05)Earning their own money allows them to spend on anything as if they p
13、lease.g.(06)They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning.ifthat命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考：1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2）复合句中边接方句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。2021/8/9 星期一14a.(02)As everyone knows,its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.theb.(
14、01)We may be one family and live under a same roof,but-c.(04)on Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend.the7.冠词ad.(05)I hope youve had pleasant journey home a2021/8/9 星期一15命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：1）不定冠词a和an互改；2）不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改；3）根据需要增删冠词。2021/8/9 星期一16a.(04)I would
15、describe myself as shy and quietly.quietb.(04)There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.personalc.(04)Finding information on the Net is easily.easyd.(05)So what I learned from the job was much more important as what I earned.than8.形容词、副词2021/
16、8/9 星期一17e.(05)My pronunciation was terribly.f.(06)They came back lately and had some tea.命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。1）根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误；2）修饰连系动词或名词用形容词；3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。terriblelate2021/8/9 星期一18a.(01)My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.tob.(02
17、)We fed monkeys,visiting temples and told stories.talkingc.(03)Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.9.非谓语动词visitedd.(05)Some students may also to save up for our college or future use.to2021/8/9 星期一19f.(05)Earning their own money allow t
18、hem to spend on anything as they please.命题特点改正方法：1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。allows2021/8/9 星期一20（1）整体把握短文大意。）整体把握短文大意。（2）逐句分析，把握结构。）逐句分析，把握结构。（3）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有 问题。问题。（4）逐行修改，先易后难。）逐行修改，先易后难。（5）复读全文，验证答案。）复读全文，验证答案。（6）要注意答题是否合乎规范。）要注意答题是否合乎规范。应试技巧点拨2021/8/9 星期一2
19、1 此此题题要要求求改改正正所所给给短短文文中中的的错错误误。对对标标有有题题号号的的每每一一行行作作出出判判断断：如如无无错错误误，在在该该行行右右边边横横线线上上画画一一个个勾勾（）如如有有错错误误（每每行行只只有有一一个个错错误误），则则按按下下列列情情况况改正：改正：此此行行多多一一个个词词：把把多多余余的的词词用用斜斜线线（）划划掉掉，在在该该行行右右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此此行行缺缺一一个个词词：在在缺缺词词处处加加一一个个漏漏字字符符号号（），在在该该行行右边横线上写出该加的词。右边横线上写出该加的词。此此行行错错一一个个词词：在在错
20、错的的词词下下划划一一横横线线，在在该该行行右右边边横横线线上上写出改正后的词。写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。注意：原行没有错的不要改。解题要求解题要求2021/8/9 星期一22必考类型应记住必考类型应记住，名词多考单复数。动词时态和语态,代词逻辑要区分。并列连词是重点,从属连词易误用。介词搭配要记牢，“1116”来比较。以下项目经常考以下项目经常考,冠词形副非谓语。其它不会全打勾,回读复查敲定稿。改错秘诀改错秘诀2021/8/9 星期一2320062006高考全国卷高考全国卷 An American and a Frenchman decided to cross the se
21、a between France and England in the balloon in 1784.High76over the water,they discover a hole in the balloon.The 77hole became bigger and bigger.The air keeps the 78balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was 79 coming up.The two men threw all their equipment into 80The water to make the bal
22、loon light.It started to rise 81higher again.So it was still too close to the water.82 finally,the men threw away most of his clothes to 83save themselves.The crowd waiting for to greet them in 84 England was very surprised see this when the balloon 85 landed in front of them.2021/8/9 星期一24An Americ
23、an and a Frenchman decided to cross the sea between France and England in the balloon in 1784.High 76over the water,they discover a hole in the balloon.The 77hole became bigger and bigger.The air keeps the 78balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was 79 coming up.The two men threw all their
24、 equipment into 8020062006高考全国卷高考全国卷adiscovereddownkeeping2021/8/9 星期一25The water to make the balloon light.It started to rise 81Higher again.So it was still too close to the water.82 Finally,the men threw away most of his clothes to 83Save themselves.The crowd waiting for to greet them in 84 Englan
25、d was very surprised see this when the balloon 85 Landed in front of them.forbuttheirlightertoPractice makes perfect.谚谚 熟能生巧熟能生巧2021/8/9 星期一26Tips:l对所做短文改错练习进行归纳分类。对所做短文改错练习进行归纳分类。l分类进行单句改错的练习。分类进行单句改错的练习。l认真对待书面表达当中出现的错误。认真对待书面表达当中出现的错误。l课后练习应听从老师的要求。课后练习应听从老师的要求。2021/8/9 星期一272021/8/9 星期一282021/8/9 星期一29