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1、2021届牛津译林版高二下学期期末英语试题语法填空专练（一）Nations worldwide， 56 (suffer) from the end World War I, decided to change the course of history and committed to the goal of global peace. For this reason, the United Nations(UN) 57 (found) in San Francisco, US, on Oct 24, 1945.Over the past 75 years, the UN 58 (witnes
2、s) its members grow from 51 to 193. It aims to“save succeeding generations from the scourge of war 59 reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights 60 to promote social progress and better standards of life,” according to its website.In order to achieve the goal, the UN has gone through 61 (reform) in
3、various aspects with the 62 (change) global situation. Without the measures adopted by the General Assembly in 1997, we 63 (improve) the efficiency of UN activities in the areas of development, humanitarian relief, human rights and peacekeeping. 64 that, some challenges are yet to be overcome, for e
4、xample, threats from poverty, disease and climate change. But 65 (lucky), the vast majority of the UN members are committed to facing these challenges and have continued to fund the UNs humanitarian efforts around the world. Together, the UNs 193 member states are making huge strides toward betterin
5、g the world for future generations.（二）The Chinese Garden of Friendship was built as a beautiful symbol of friendship56.Sydney in the State of New South Wales and Guangzhou in the province of Guangdong, China(sister cities of sister states), to mark Australias bicentenary(二百周年纪念)in 1988.The garden 57
6、. (design) and built by Chinese landscape architects and gardeners, 58.(follow) the Taoist principles of Yin-Yang and the five opposite elements- earth, fire, water, metal and wood. These principles also stress the 59.(important) of Qi, the central force of life and energy.Yin-Yang 60.(play) such a
7、vital role that just one missing element would disrupt the gardens harmony and balance. However, when 61.(combine) perfectly, the five elements form a fluid and nurturing environment. Everything you encounter in the garden has been hand-picked and very carefully placed to capture the five elements a
8、nd the energy of Qi.Unlike western-style gardens, there are no planted flowerbeds 62.neatly-cut lawns, wild 63.(aspect) of nature are recreated in landscapes 64.feature waterfalls, mountains, lakes and forests.The art of Chinese Garden design began in imperial parks during the Shang Dynasty 3,000 ye
9、ars ago. Darling Harbors Chinese Garden of Friendship is a small-scale version of 65.(type) private garden from this time.（三）When it comes to 56 (travel) abroad, many people feel confused about whether they should tip or how much they should tip when necessary on their travels, as they are not aware
10、 of local customs. The solution is to do your research beforehand, 57 will help you to avoid your trip becoming spoiled by any awkwardness.In the US, tipping is given: around 15% or more is common for restaurants and taxis, 58 $1 to $2 is considered sufficient for the hotel room service employee. In
11、 Canada, the tipping situation is very similar to 59 of the US.Japan is a country where things are very different. Here, tipping is incredibly 60 (common), and can even be viewed as rudeespecially if money is handed over 61 (direct). Tour guides and tour bus drivers, however, should 62 (offer) a tip
12、 of roughly 5 for a half day tour or 10 for a full day tour. But ensure that this tip is presented in an envelope, rather than visible cash.Tipping is not expected in China. However, people sometimes give tips to show their 63 (grateful).Even within Europe, tipping 64 (various) from country to count
13、ry. The French expect a 15% service charge in restaurants and bars and rounding up your bill is appreciated. In Germany, 65 extra 5% to 10% on top of the service charge is customary for good service.（四）Every culture creates music, but what shapes our perception(感知) of music? In the past few years, p
14、sychologist Jacoby and his colleagues _56_(visit) a remote area to investigate the question.They specifically chose participants from Tsimane, _57_ have relatively little _58_(expose) to Western music. For example, octaves(八度音阶) play an important role in Western music,but Tsimane music instruments c
15、ant go with them. In the study, participants _59_(ask) to listen to simple melodies and sing them.This exercise revealed that the Tsimane didnt perceive octaves while participants from the U.S. did. It also revealed that _60_(musical) trained Westerners were better at it than _61_ with no musical tr
16、aining. Therefore, the findings highlight the importance of musical experience._62_ musical experience, biology is also a key factor influencing perception of music. In another study, Jacobys colleague found that unlike many Westerners, the Tsimane found it pleasant to hear some notes _63_(play) tog
17、ether.Their study also revealed that both Westerners and the Tsimane have trouble _64_(distinguish) between really high notes above 4,000 hertz, though human hearing goes up to 20,000 hertz. That may be _65_, wherever were from, we hit the limits of our brains before we reach the limits of our ears.
18、（五）According to Xinhua News Agency, the Palace Museum and Huawei signed a strategic cooperation agreement on March 15. The two sides will set an example 56 5G application.The Palace Museum received more than 17 million visitors in 2018.57(make) it themost visited museum in the world. In the past 20
19、years, an office information network covering the whole museum 58 (build) gradually. The museum has developed an App that provides an in-depth 59(explain) of cultural relic information and cultural services. Also, the museum has research on the application of VR, AR, Al and other 60(technique) in mu
20、seums.61 signing of the agreement marks a new chapter in the strategic cooperationbetween the Palace Museum and Huawei Technologies Co. So, Huawei will make efforts 62(accelerate) the intelligent construction of the Palace Museum.“The 600-year-old Palace Museum has never been so close to science and
21、 technology. Shan Jixiang said 63 (proud), director of the Palace Museum.Shan shared many ideas about the 5G Palace Museum. With the help of advanced technology, 64 is expected that in the future, audiences around the world will be able to experience andvisit the Palace Museum, whether it is a field
22、 trip or a virtual tour. Also, the use of Al technology provides a 65 (broad) platform and stronger knowledge support for cultural relics among young people.The Students Union（六）When “Frozen” was released in 2013, it quickly became Disneys big hit. It inspired theme park rides and even a Broadway sh
23、ow. Despite “Frozen 2” 56 (come) six years after the original film, the sequel was able to bring in record numbers for Disney. It was also able to add 57 the companys extraordinary year at the box office.Disney has had several blockbusters this year, like “Avengers: Endgame,” “Toy Story 4” and “The
24、Lion King” that have 58 (global) made more than $1 billion. In fact by July Disney 59 (set) the record for highest-grossing year for a studio ever.“ 60 Disney shows to the world is that it once again continues to benefit a lot from 61 (it) 2019 strategy,” Paul Dergarabedian, senior media analyst at
25、Comscore, told Fox News.Dergarabedian added that the film was able to deliver family-friendly entertainment to “ 62 enthusiastic global audience on an advantageous release date,” 63 helped to strengthen Disneys position as the highest-grossing studio this year.The 64 (succeed) of “Frozen 2” comes at
26、 the perfect time for Hollywood. The overall 2019 North American box office is down roughly 7% 65 (compare) to the same point last year.（七）Diabetes is a medical condition in which the human body does not produce enough insulin (胰岛素), a _56_(chemistry) that controls how we use glucose. Glucose (葡萄糖)
27、is a kind of sugar _57_ (use)by the body to provide energy for cells. Our cells need insulin to use glucose. As insulin is also needed to control the level of glucose in the body, a patient may at times have too much or too little glucose in his or her blood. _58_ situations can cause other health p
28、roblems.Diabetes can be passed down through family generations or_59_ (cause) by an illness or being overweight. People who have this disease may feel thirsty and _60_(tire) all the time. They may also _61_ (loss) weight and have to go to the toilet very often. People with diabetes may also have hea
29、rt disease, high blood pressure and strokes, all of _62_ are often caused by the disease. While diabetes cannot be cured, some treatments can be very_63_(effect). Diabetics can take insulin shots to make up for the insulin their bodies do not produce. A strict diet and proper exercise can also help.
30、 People with diabetes should try to eat less high-energy food _64_rice, bread, potatoes should be limited, and sweets like chocolates should be avoided. Diabetics should also quit smoking and drinking. In addition, diabetics should talk to their doctors first to see what exercise is suitable for the
31、ir condition and _65_(watch) their glucose levels when they exercise.（八）The reality of college can be pretty different from the images _ (present) in movies and television. Instead of the students who wake up late, party all the time, and study only before exams, many colleges are full of students w
32、ith pressing schedules of real jobs.This isnt a temporary phenomenon. The share of working students _ (be) on the rise since the 1970s. About one-quarter of those _ work while attending school have both a full-course load and a full-time job. The _ (arrange) can help pay for tuition (学费) and living
33、costs. And theres value in it beyond the direct cause: such jobs can also be critical for developing important professional and social skills that make _ easier to land a job after graduation. With many employers looking for students with already-developed skill sets, on-the-job training while in co
34、llege can be the best way _(ensure) a job later on.But its not all upside. Even full-time work may not completely cover the cost of tuition and living expenses. That means that _theyre sacrificing time away from the classroom, many working students will still graduate with some debt. And working ful
35、l time can reduce the chance _students will graduate, by cutting into the time available for studying and attending classes.There is little reward for attending but not finishing college. Students who end _leaving school because of difficulty in managing work and class are likely to find themselves
36、stuck in their future jobs. The difficulty of working too much while in school can create a cycle that pushes students _(far) into debt without receiving any of the financial or career benefits.（九）Stand-up is a kind of comedy done on a stage by a _36_ (comedy), who might decide to tell different jok
37、es depending upon how the audience reacted to his or her previous jokes. One such person is Billy Crystal.The reason why he has become so famous is _37_ he is very quick thinking, and has the ability _38_ (come) up with new jokes about the people and things around him. For example, when Crystal _39_
38、 (host) the 76th Academy Awards, there was a technical problem, as a result of which a famous actor could not _40_ (hear). The audience could only see him standing there moving his lips. Instead of telling the joke he _41_ (plan), Crystal made up a new one._42_ (fortune), you can expect to hear a lo
39、t more from Crystal - he has no plans to stop making films,_43_ to stop telling jokes. He hopes to follow _44_ the footsteps of those who lived to be 100 years old and kept working until nearly the end of _45_ (they) lives.（十）Fewer people are using Facebook to discover and discuss news, as messaging
40、 apps such as WhatsApp gain _41_ (popular), a study has suggested.The seventh annual Digital News Report said the fall in users reading news on Facebook reflected concerns _42_ privacy.The report sought to explore _43_ people read news around the world.The research, carried out by the University of
41、Oxfords Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, was based on _44_ online survey of 7,4000 people in 37 countries.It _45_ (suggest) young audiences were more likely to use WhatsApp, Instagram and Snapchat for news, partly because there was a _46_(grow)desire to discuss news in relative privacy
42、.The number of those _47_(survey)that read news via WhatsApp had tripled(增至三倍) in four years, to 15percent. This tended to be much higher in _48_ (country) such as Malaysis and Turkey, where it can be dangerous to express views in more open networks.The reports lead author Nic Newman said, “ Were se
43、eing many switching _49_focus to more personal, private spaces like messaging apps for sharing and discussing news.“This gives people more controlbut also _50_ (potential) makes public debate and news distribution even more complicated.”（十）If everyone on your team is working different hours, you may
44、 be getting emails and messages at all hours of the day, night or weekend, _36_can create an always available,or always-on” environment. That might be necessary in some _37_(industry) during these challenging times, _38_certainly not in every industry and not for everyone in any industry.However, on
45、ce this takes root in your company culture, it becomes difficult, if not impossible, _39_(change) later.And always-on” is not sustainable(可持续的）It increases pressure and _40_(quick) turns your company _41_ an unpleasant place to work. It might even cause the most dedicated _42_(employ) to consider ot
46、her offers. So how can you accommodate your workers needs while still _43_(protect) your culture and your teams work-life balance?The key is to define clear “communication hours(for example, 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.) while encouraging flexibility(灵活性）。Outside of those hours,everyone should be encouraged to
47、change their settings to Do Not Disturb and to use the “ schedule send feature of their email client so that messages _44_(deliver) only during communication hours. If any correspondence(通信联系）must happen outside of the set communication hours, such as for urgent issues, _45_(make) the phone or text only.（十一）Diabetes is a medical condition in which the human body does not produce enough insulin (胰岛素), a _56_(chemistry) that controls how we use glucose. Glucose (葡萄糖) is a kind of sugar _57_ (use)by the body to provide energy for cells. Our cells need insulin to use