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1、主动语态与被动语态主动语态与被动语态：主动语态主动语态(The Active Voice):表示主语是动作的表示主语是动作的执行者执行者;被动语态被动语态（The Passive Voice):表示主语是动作的表示主语是动作的承受者承受者。e.g.1.They make trains in Zhuzhou.()Trains are made in Zhuzhou.（）2.The farmers grow cotton every year（）Cotton is grown by the farmers every year.（）主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态（
2、The Passive Voice)一般现在时被动语态的构成：一般现在时被动语态的构成：1.English is spoken in Canada.2.Wood is used for making tables.3.Computer are made in the USA.4.Rice is grown in South China.主语主语+am/is/are+done+.一般过去时被动语态的构成：一般过去时被动语态的构成：1.The bridge was built last year.2.It was used in the old days.3.The books were boug
3、ht a week ago.4.The little girl was saved by the fireman at last.主语主语+was/were+done+.一般将来时被动语态的构成：一般将来时被动语态的构成：1.The new school will be finished when the new term begins.2.The letter will be sent to America.3.A new bridge will be built next year.4.Many trees will be planted by us in a week.主语主语+will
4、+be+done+现在完成时被动语态构成：现在完成时被动语态构成：1.Three bridges have been built since last year.2.The piece of job has been finished for a long time.3.The book has been read by us.4.The flowers have not been watered yet.主语主语+has/have+been+done+.情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词的被动语态构成：1.This bike can be repaired.2.The tree must be
5、 put well in the hole.3.The classroom should be cleaned every day.4.The trees should be planted around the lake.主语主语+情态动词情态动词（can/may/must/should）+be+done+.e.g Many people speak English.Englishis spokenby manypeople.主动语态变被动语态的步骤主动语态变被动语态的步骤：1、主动语态的、主动语态的宾语宾语变为被动语态的变为被动语态的主语主语；2、主动句的、主动句的谓语动词谓语动词变为变为
6、被动结构被动结构；3、主动句的、主动句的主语变为主语变为被动句的被动句的宾语宾语，由，由by引出，当不强调动引出，当不强调动 作的执行者时，常省略。作的执行者时，常省略。They do their homework after school.Their homework is done by them after school.He plays basketball every week.Basketball is played by him every week.My mother cleans the floor every day.The floor is cleaned by my m
7、other every day.The light was invented by Thomas Edison.Thomas Edison invented the light.Jim will ride the motorbike to his factory tomorrow.The motorbike will be ridden by Jim to his factory tomorrow.They will hold an evening party next week.An evening party will be held next week.The Great Wall wa
8、s built by Chinese people many years ago.Chinese people built the Great Wall many years ago.The students planted many trees yesterday.Many trees were planted by the students yesterday.He can carry the basket.The basket can be carried by him.They can sing some beautiful songs.Some beautiful songs can
9、 be sung by them.We should clean the classroom every day.The classroom should be cleaned by us every day.We have planted many trees in recent years.Many trees have been planted by us in recent years.把下列句子变成被动句：把下列句子变成被动句：1.Chinese people built the Great Wall 2,000 years ago.2.We must plant more tree
10、s next year here.3.He looks after the dogs.The Great Wall was built by Chinese people 2000 years ago.More trees must be planted here next year.The dogs are looked after by him.4.Farmers harvest rice in autumn.5.We should clean our classroom every day.6.We have studied English for eight years.Rice is
11、 harvested in autumn.Our classroom should be cleaned every day.English have been studied by us for eight years.appear,disappear,happen,rise,end,last,fit,costbelong to,take place,come true,break outsmell,taste,look,sound,feel(感官动词）感官动词）become,get,grow,turn,go（变）（变）keep,stay（保持（保持)seem(似乎）似乎）+adj.无被动！无被动！