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1、+English Pronunciation and Intonationfor CommunicationIntroduction+Objectives of the CoursenThis course is intended to help the students to improve their English pronunciation,including such elements as1)The correct pronunciation of individual phonemes and words in English2)The rhythmic patterns of
2、the English language3)Patterns and functions of English intonation+Warming-up exercise Can you read them correctly?n“th”-s I think-I sink,The,That,ThanksnGood morning,afternoon,evening.nHelen,George,SophienHoliday,WeeklynAt eight oclocknSchool,Girl,World/Word nI was a student,Im a teacher+EnglishnWe
3、st Germanic languagenAbout 325 million native speakersBritain,56 millionThe USA,232 millionCanada,24 millionAustralia&New Zealand,17 million nThe sole official language in 20+countries,the most important language of commerce,the most widely learned second languageThe importance of learning English p
4、ronunciation and intonation (1).Good pronunciation and intonation is essential for a teacher of English.(2).Good pronunciation and intonation is needed for better communication.(3).Good pronunciation and intonation is the basis of good listening and speaking abilities.(4).Good pronunciation and into
5、nation has some indirect influence on the students writing and reading abilities.(5).Good pronunciation and intonation can help the students develop good sense of language.+Course contents English phonemes:correct discrimination and pronunciation Stress of English words and sentences:basic rules and
6、 functions English rhythmic patterns:basic features and functions English intonation:structures,functions and use Organs of speech 1.上唇 Upper lip 2.下唇 Lower lip 3.上齿 Upper teeth 4.下齿 Lower teeth 5.上齿龈 Upper teeth ridge 6.硬腭 Hard palate 7.软腭 Soft palate 8.小舌 the uvula 9.舌端 The tip of the tongue 10.舌前
7、 The front of the tongue 11.舌后 The back of the tongue 12.喉头 throat 13.声带 the vocal cords 14.器官 organs 15.咽头 the pharynx 16.口腔 the mouth cavity 17.鼻腔 the nasal cavity+Speech sounds+English consonants+Locations of the tongue+Games and activities+Tongue twister Betty Botter had some butter,But,she said
8、,this butters bitter.If I bake this bitter butter,it would make my batter bitter.But a bit of better butter-that would make my batter better.So she bought a bit of butter,better than her bitter butter,and she baked it in her batter,and the batter was not bitter.So it was better Betty Botterbought a
9、bit of better butter.+Dialogue.“Does it fit?”-Does it fit?-Yes,it fits,but it isnt very pretty.-This pink one is very pretty.-But its a bit too big.-Well,this silk one isnt big.-No,but its a bit frilly.+Pronunciation of the 26 lettersnAa,Hh,Jj,Kk,nBb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Gg,Pp,Tt,Vv,Zz(Ame)nFf,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ss,Xx,Zz
10、nIi,YynOo,nQq,UunRrnWw Unit 1 Basic Concepts:Syllables,Stress&Rhythm+Unit 1 Basic Concepts Syllables,Stress&RhythmnRhythmnWhat is rhythm?nIn phonetics,rhythm is the sense of movement in speech,marked by the stress,timing,and quantity of syllables.nThe rhythm of a language is characterized by the tim
11、ing pattern of successive syllables.+What is RhythmnIn English theres a strong tendency in connected speech to make the stressed syllables occur at fairly regular intervals.This regular occurrence of stressed syllable is rhythm.+Examples of rhythm1.I think he wants to go.2.I think that he wants us t
12、o go.3.I think it was an excellent affair.+1.I think he wants to go.1a._ ._ ._2.I think that he wants us to go.2a._ ._ ._3.I think it was an excellent a ffair.3a._ ._ ._+What is a syllable?nA syllable is a word part and the basic unit of English rhythm.It is formed by a vowel or a consonant plus a v
13、owel or a consonant plus a vowel and a consonant(s).An English word can have one,two,three or even more syllables.nTrain(1 syllable)n speaker（syllables)n hospital(syllables)+What is stress?nIn phonetics,a stress is an emphasis given to a syllable of speech by making it louder than the rest of the wo
14、rd.nThe syllable with a stress is a stressed syllable.nStressed syllables are usually louder,longer and higher in pitch.+ne.g.courageous/kreids/n cou ra geousn syllable syllable syllablen (short)(long)(short)n /k rei ds/nStressed syllables are strong syllables.nUnstressed syllables are weak syllable
15、s.+Pronunciation TipsnStressed syllables:1.are long2.have a pitch change3.have full vowel sounds Unstressed syllables:1.are short2.often have a reduced vowel sound+Unit 5 Vowels:Front Vowels&Central VowelsnWhat is vowel?nVowels are sounds in which is no obstruction to the flow of air as it passes fr
16、om the larynx to the lips.There are 20 vowels in English,among which 12 are pure vowels and 8 are diphthongs.nThe English pure vowels can be classified according to:1)The height of the raised part of the tongue;2)The part of the tongue raised;3)The position of the lips,i.e.whether they are rounded o
17、r not+Front VowelsnThe tongue body is shifted forward,causing the vowels to be produced in the front of the month+Front vowels+Warming-up exercise A big pig is sleeping on a shipDo you see the key on that seat?There is a bee on the leaf of that tree.Do you like to eat fish and chips?Eat more fish,le
18、ss meat.A friend in need is a friend in deed.+Warming-up exercisePeter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.Did Peter Piper pick a peck of pickled peppers?If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers,Wheres the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?+/i:/i/e/There are four front vowels:/i:/
19、i/e/and/For all of them the tip of the tongue is pressed against the lower teeth.The front part of the tongue is raised at varying degrees.There is no lip-rounding,lips are spread or kept neutral.+/i:/nThe front of the tongue nearly touches the front part of the hard palate,and the muscles of the to
20、ngue and cheeks are tense.The lips are drawn back in a“smile”and long voiced sound is produced.+/i:/is usually read in the following letters or letter groups:e ea ee ei i ie achieve agree appreciate believe cheap dream eager feel extremely succeed lead secret free need meet+Phrases&Sentences three w
21、eeks green tea team leader Swedish cheese eat a piece of meat keep it a secret Seeing is believing.A friend in need is a friend indeed.Jean is as busy as a bee.She agrees to leave the beach at three.+/i/nThe general position of the tongue resembles that of/i:/,but the front of the tongue is lower an
22、d drawn back a little.The lips are spread and the tongue is lax.+/i/is usually read in the following letters or letter groups:i y ability business busy consider delicious difficult diligent live million rich sick silly think interesting visit+Phrases&Sentences a big ship six sticks bit by bit a silv
23、er lid three wishes little by little A little learning is a dangerous thing.His six-year-old sister is as fit as a fiddle.Silly Billy slipped into the ditch.Comparison of /i:/&/i/i:/i:/i i/i:/i:/i/i/SheepSheep羊羊羊羊ShipShip船船船船PeachPeach桃子桃子桃子桃子PitchPitch音高音高音高音高HeatHeat加热加热加热加热HitHit打、敲打、敲打、敲打、敲Sleep
24、Sleep睡睡睡睡SlipSlip滑倒滑倒滑倒滑倒LeaveLeave离开离开离开离开LiveLive生活生活生活生活FeelFeel感觉感觉感觉感觉FillFill装满装满装满装满HealHeal治愈治愈治愈治愈HillHill小山小山小山小山SeekSeek寻找寻找寻找寻找SickSick有病有病有病有病 Games and activities+Dialogues.“The feet”-Your feet are in terrible condition.They need treatment.-I agree,Doctor.My feet do need treatment.-The
25、 treatment for these feet isto eat lots of vegetables,but no meat for at least a week.-No meat,Doctor?-I repeat.You must not eat meat for at least a week.-But I do eat green vegetables,Doctor.And I dont eat meat at all.-Then you dont seem to need any treatment.-But Doctor,my feet!-Next patient,pleas
26、e.+Tongue twister “needle”I need not your needles,theyre needless to me;For kneading of noodles,theyre needless,you see;But did my neat knickers but need to be kneed,I then should have need of your needles indeed.+Warming-up exercise Thats not a bad sentence.This sentence is betterFrank is very angr
27、y.Harry doesnt like the tennis net.East or west,home is best.Better late than never.Handsome is a handsome does.+/e/nThe lips are more loosely spread and slightly further apart than for/i/.The front of the tongue is near the upper teeth ridge.+/e/is usually read in the following letters or letter gr
28、oups:a e ea u anybody anything benefit depend develop energy especially fresh essential everybody everything forget intelligent impress pleasure guess question remember special suggest terrible together welcome+Phrases&Sentences seven beds the next lesson fresh and energetic ten desks the best text
29、wet with sweat Remember to tell Ted about the test Better late than never Alls well that ends well East or west,home is best+/nThe front of the tongue is slightly raised.The whole tongue lies low in the mouth.The lips are spread with the widest opening between the jaws among the front vowels.+/is us
30、ually read in the following letters or letter groups:a absolutely action challenge plan embarrass exactly exaggerate handle examination fantastic graduate happy outstanding plan practice shallow understand laugh(AE)Chance(AE)+Phrases&Sentences a happy man caps and hats tit for tat hand in hand a sad
31、 lad bags and sags The rat is running on a narrow track Sams let the cat out of the bag Hes carrying a map of Japan in his hand Pat married a handsome young manComparison of /e/&/e e/e/e/MenMen男人（复数）男人（复数）男人（复数）男人（复数）ManMan男人（单数）男人（单数）男人（单数）男人（单数）BegBeg求求求求BagBag包包包包TenTen十十十十TanTan棕褐色棕褐色棕褐色棕褐色SaidS
32、aid说说说说SadSad悲伤悲伤悲伤悲伤BeckBeck召唤召唤召唤召唤BackBack背背背背LessLess较少较少较少较少LassLass少女少女少女少女SetSet安置安置安置安置SatSat坐坐坐坐GuessGuess猜猜猜猜GasGas煤气煤气煤气煤气 Games and activities+Tongue twister“sheep”Silly Sally swiftly shooed seven silly sheep.The seven silly sheep Silly Sally shooedShilly-shallied south.These sheep shoul
33、dnt sleep in a shack;Sheep should sleep in a shed.+Dialogue“How is your leg?”-Hi,how is your leg?-Its getting better,thanks.-Well,Im glad to hear that.-Im glad you came.Thanks.-Im very busy,but I will be back again next Saturday.Tongue Twister With/i:/i/e/She sells sea shells on the sea shore,And th
34、e shells she sells are sea shells,Im sure,cause if she sells shells at the seashore,The shells she sells are seashells,for sure.Sing TogethernDoe,a deer,a female deernRay,a drop of golden sunnMe,a name I call myselfnFar,a long long way to runnSew,a needle pulling threadnLa,a note to follow sewnTea,a drink with jam and bread nThat will bring us back to doe,oh,oh,oh