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1、+English Pronunciation and Intonationfor CommunicationIntroduction+Objectives of the Coursen This course is intended to help the students to improve their English pronunciation,including such elements as1)The correct pronunciation of individual phonemes and words in English2)The rhythmic patterns of
2、 the English language3)Patterns and functions of English intonation+Warming-up exercise Can you read them correctly?n“th”-s I think-I sink,The,That,ThanksnGood morning,afternoon,evening.nHelen,George,SophienHoliday,WeeklynAt eight oclocknSchool,Girl,World/Word nI was a student,Im a teacher+Englishn
3、West Germanic languagen About 325 million native speakersBritain,56 millionThe USA,232 millionCanada,24 millionAustralia&New Zealand,17 million n The sole official language in 20+countries,the most important language of commerce,the most widely learned second languageThe importance of learning Engli
4、sh pronunciation and intonation(1).Good pronunciation and intonation is essential for a teacher of English.(2).Good pronunciation and intonation is needed for better communication.(3).Good pronunciation and intonation is the basis of good listening and speaking abilities.(4).Good pronunciation and i
5、ntonation has some indirect influence on the students writing and reading abilities.(5).Good pronunciation and intonation can help the students develop good sense of language.+Course contents English phonemes:correct discrimination and pronunciation Stress of English words and sentences:basic rules
6、and functions English rhythmic patterns:basic features and functions English intonation:structures,functions and use Organs of speech 1.上唇 Upper lip 2.下唇 Lower lip 3.上齿 Upper teeth 4.下齿 Lower teeth 5.上齿龈 Upper teeth ridge 6.硬腭 Hard palate 7.软腭 Soft palate 8.小舌 the uvula 9.舌端 The tip of the tongue 10
7、.舌前 The front of the tongue 11.舌后 The back of the tongue 12.喉头 throat 13.声带 the vocal cords 14.器官 organs 15.咽头 the pharynx 16.口腔 the mouth cavity 17.鼻腔 the nasal cavity+Speech sounds+English consonants+Locations of the tongue+Games and activities+Tongue twister Betty Botter had some butter,But,she s
8、aid,this butters bitter.If I bake this bitter butter,it would make my batter bitter.But a bit of better butter-th a t would make my batter better.So she bought a bit of butter,better than her bitter butter,and she baked it in her batter,and the batter was not bitter.So it was better Betty Botterboug
9、ht a bit of better butter.+Dialogue.“Does it fit?”-Does it fit?-Yes,it fits,but it isnt very pretty.-This pink one is very pretty.-But its a bit too big.-Well,this silk one isnt big.-No,but its a bit frilly.+Pronunciation of the 26 lettersnAa,Hh,Jj,Kk,nBb,Cc,Dd,Ee,Gg,Pp,Tt,Vv,Zz(Ame)nFf,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ss,
10、Xx,ZznIi,YynOo,nQq,UunRrnWw Unit 1 Basic Concepts:Syllables,Stress&Rhythm+Unit 1 Basic Concepts Syllables,Stress&RhythmnRhythmnWhat is rhythm?nIn phonetics,rhythm is the sense of movement in speech,marked by the stress,timing,and quantity of syllables.nThe rhythm of a language is characterized by th
11、e timing pattern of successive syllables.+What is Rhythmn In English theres a strong tendency in connected speech to make the stressed syllables occur at fairly regular intervals.This regular occurrence of stressed syllable is rhythm.+Examples of rhythm1.I think he wants to go.2.I think that he want
12、s us to go.3.I think it was an excellent affair.+1.I think he wants to go.1a._._._2.I think that he wants us to go.2a._._._3.I think it was an excellent a ffair.3a._._._+What is a syllable?nA syllable is a word part and the basic unit of English rhythm.It is formed by a vowel or a consonant plus a v
13、owel or a consonant plus a vowel and a consonant(s).An English word can have one,two,three or even more syllables.nTrain(1 syllable)n speaker（syllables)n hospital(syllables)+What is stress?n In phonetics,a stress is an emphasis given to a syllable of speech by making it louder than the rest of the w
14、ord.n The syllable with a stress is a stressed syllable.n Stressed syllables are usually louder,longer and higher in pitch.+ne.g.courageous/kreids/n cou ra geousn syllable syllable syllablen(short)(long)(short)n/k rei ds/nStressed syllables are strong syllables.nUnstressed syllables are weak syllabl
15、es.+Pronunciation Tipsn Stressed syllables:1.are long2.have a pitch change3.have full vowel sounds Unstressed syllables:1.are short2.often have a reduced vowel sound+Unit 5 Vowels:Front Vowels&Central Vowelsn What is vowel?n Vowels are sounds in which is no obstruction to the flow of air as it passe
16、s from the larynx to the lips.There are 20 vowels in English,among which 12 are pure vowels and 8 are diphthongs.n The English pure vowels can be classified according to:1)The height of the raised part of the tongue;2)The part of the tongue raised;3)The position of the lips,i.e.whether they are roun
17、ded or not+Front Vowelsn The tongue body is shifted forward,causing the vowels to be produced in the front of the month+Front vowels+Warming-up exercise A big pig is sleeping on a shipDo you see the key on that seat?There is a bee on the leaf of that tree.Do you like to eat fish and chips?Eat more f
18、ish,less meat.A friend in need is a friend in deed.+Warming-up exercisePeter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.Did Peter Piper pick a peck of pickled peppers?If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers,Wheres the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?+/i:/i/e/There are four front vowel
19、s:/i:/i/e/and/For all of them the tip of the tongue is pressed against the lower teeth.The front part of the tongue is raised at varying degrees.There is no lip-rounding,lips are spread or kept neutral.+/i:/nThe front of the tongue nearly touches the front part of the hard palate,and the muscles of
20、the tongue and cheeks are tense.The lips are drawn back in a“smile”and long voiced sound is produced.+/i:/is usually read in the following letters or letter groups:e ea ee ei i ie achieve agree appreciate believe cheap dream eager feel extremely succeed lead secret free need meet+Phrases&Sentences t
21、hree weeks green tea team leader Swedish cheese eat a piece of meat keep it a secret Seeing is believing.A friend in need is a friend indeed.Jean is as busy as a bee.She agrees to leave the beach at three.+/i/nThe general position of the tongue resembles that of/i:/,but the front of the tongue is lo
22、wer and drawn back a little.The lips are spread and the tongue is lax.+/i/is usually read in the following letters or letter groups:i y ability business busy consider delicious difficult diligent live million rich sick silly think interesting visit+Phrases&Sentences a big ship six sticks bit by bit
23、a silver lid three wishes little by little A little learning is a dangerous thing.His six-year-old sister is as fit as a fiddle.Silly Billy slipped into the ditch.Comparison of/i:/&/i/i:/i:/i/i/i:/i:/i/i/Sheep Sheep 羊 羊 Ship Ship 船 船 Peach Peach 桃子 桃子 Pitch Pitch 音高 音高Heat Heat 加热 加热 Hit Hit 打、敲 打、敲
24、 Sleep Sleep 睡 睡 Slip Slip 滑倒 滑倒Leave Leave 离开 离开 Live Live 生活 生活 Feel Feel 感觉 感觉 Fill Fill 装满 装满Heal Heal 治愈 治愈 Hill Hill 小山 小山 Seek Seek 寻找 寻找 Sick Sick 有病 有病 Games and activities+Dialogues.“The feet”-Your feet are in terrible condition.They need treatment.-I agree,Doctor.My feet do need treatment
25、.-The treatment for these feet isto eat lots of vegetables,but no meat for at least a week.-No meat,Doctor?-I repeat.You must not eat meat for at least a week.-But I do eat green vegetables,Doctor.And I dont eat meat at all.-Then you dont seem to need any treatment.-But Doctor,my feet!-Next patient,
26、please.+Tongue twister“needle”I need not your needles,theyre needless to me;For kneading of noodles,theyre needless,you see;But did my neat knickers but need to be kneed,I then should have need of your needles indeed.+Warming-up exercise Thats not a bad sentence.This sentence is betterFrank is very
27、angry.Harry doesnt like the tennis net.East or west,home is best.Better late than never.Handsome is a handsome does.+/e/nThe lips are more loosely spread and slightly further apart than for/i/.The front of the tongue is near the upper teeth ridge.+/e/is usually read in the following letters or lette
28、r groups:a e ea u anybody anything benefit depend develop energy especially fresh essential everybody everything forget intelligent impress pleasure guess question remember special suggest terrible together welcome+Phrases&Sentences seven beds the next lesson fresh and energetic ten desks the best t
29、ext wet with sweat Remember to tell Ted about the test Better late than never Alls well that ends well East or west,home is best+/nThe front of the tongue is slightly raised.The whole tongue lies low in the mouth.The lips are spread with the widest opening between the jaws among the front vowels.+/i
30、s usually read in the following letters or letter groups:a absolutely action challenge plan embarrass exactly exaggerate handle examination fantastic graduate happy outstanding plan practice shallow understand laugh(AE)Chance(AE)+Phrases&Sentences a happy man caps and hats tit for tat hand in hand a
31、 sad lad bags and sags The rat is running on a narrow track Sams let the cat out of the bag Hes carrying a map of Japan in his hand Pat married a handsome young manComparison of/e/&/e/e/e/e/Men Men 男人（复数）男人（复数）Man Man 男人（单数）男人（单数）Beg Beg 求 求 Bag Bag 包 包Ten Ten 十 十 Tan Tan 棕褐色 棕褐色 Said Said 说 说 Sad S
32、ad 悲伤 悲伤Beck Beck 召唤 召唤 Back Back 背 背 Less Less 较少 较少 Lass Lass 少女 少女Set Set 安置 安置 Sat Sat 坐 坐 Guess Guess 猜 猜 Gas Gas 煤气 煤气 Games and activities+Tongue twister“sheep”Silly Sally swiftly shooed seven silly sheep.The seven silly sheep Silly Sally shooedShilly-shallied south.These sheep shouldnt sleep
33、 in a shack;Sheep should sleep in a shed.+Dialogue“How is your leg?”-Hi,how is your leg?-Its getting better,thanks.-Well,Im glad to hear that.-Im glad you came.Thanks.-Im very busy,but I will be back again next Saturday.Tongue Twister With/i:/i/e/She sells sea shells on the sea shore,And the shells
34、she sells are sea shells,Im sure,cause if she sells shells at the seashore,The shells she sells are seashells,for sure.Sing Togethern Doe,a deer,a female deern Ray,a drop of golden sunn Me,a name I call myselfn Far,a long long way to runn Sew,a needle pulling threadn La,a note to follow sewn Tea,a drink with jam and bread n That will bring us back to doe,oh,oh,oh