2023年高考英语复习全国通用第06讲 非谓语动词(测)(解析版).docx

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1、第06讲非谓语动词(i)时间:45分钟满分:50分一、单项选择密题1分,共10分)1. (2021 天津高考真题)Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker her all the skills.A. to have taught B. to teachC. teachingD. having taught【答案】B【解析】考查动词的固定结构。句意:玛丽在14岁时成为了一名面包师,因为她的祖父付钱给当地的面 包师来教她所有的技能。短语paysb.todosth.,意为“雇佣某人做某事、根

2、据句意,故选B。2(2017天津高考真题)more about amazing animal facts, he made a trip to the nearby nature reserve.A. Finding out B. Found outC. To find out D. Being found out【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了了解更多关于神奇动物的事实,他去了附近的自然保护区。根据句 意和句子结构可知,此处应用不定式作目的状语。故选C。3. (2021 天津高考真题)Chinas National Highway 318,over 5,000 kilometer

3、s from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the nheavenly road fbr its amazing views.A. to extendB. extendedC. extendingD. being extended【答案】c【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的国道318号,从上海到西藏樟木,延伸出5000多公里,因为它 的令人赞叹的景观,被熟知为“天堂之路分析句子成分可知,is known as是整个句子的谓语动词,所以 空格处应填非谓语动词,extend与主语Chinas National Highway 318之间的关系为主

4、动,所以用extendingo 故选Co(2017全国高考真题)So,one year of planning, what made you decide then to go into architecture?A. having doneB. doingC. to doD. done【答案】A【解析】考查现在分词作状语。句意:那么,你的计划已做了一年,是什么让你然后决定进入建筑业?根 据句意和结构可知这句话使用非谓语动词现在分词作状语,do的逻辑主语是you,主动关系,主句的时态 是一般过去时,用现在分词的完成式表示该动作发生在主句的过去动作之前。故选A。5 . (2014-山东高考真题)

5、 Its standard practice fbr a company like this one a security officer.A. employedB. being employedC. to employD. employs【答案】C【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:像这样的一家公司,雇佣安保人员是一个标准惯例。It为形式主语,真 正的主语是动词不定式to employ a security officer。故选Co【解析】考查名词。句意:Cao和Wu还沿路收集垃圾,以促进环境保护。根据句意和前文promote environmental可知,此处应用其名词形式protection

6、,作动词宾语,此处protection为不可数名词。故填 protection。6. (2012江西高考真题)John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it.A. offeredB. offeringC. to offerD. to be offered【答案】B【解析】考查现在分词。句意:约翰真的获得了那份工作因为他给我们展示了给他提供那份工作的信件。 offer作定语修饰letter, letter与offer him it构成主动关系,故使用现在分词形式,。故选B。7. (2013i折

7、江高考真题)There are some health problems that, when in time, can become bigger ones lateron.A. not treatedB. not being treatedC. not to be treatedD. not having been treated【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:有些健康问题,如果不及时处理,以后会变得更严重。when not treated in time为插入语,在本句中为时间状语从句,把that can become bigger ones later on这个定语从句给隔开了

8、。 when引导时间状语从句时,可以出现省略的现象,但必须满足两个条件:首先,时间状语从句中的主语 必须和主句主语一致;其次,从句中含有be动词。本句补充完整的状语从句为:when they are not treated in time,其他选项形式不对。故选A项。8. (2014 江西高考真题)He is thoughtfoolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.A. to actB. to have acted C. actingD. having acted【答案】B【解析】考查动词不定式。句

9、意:人们认为他干了蠢事。现在丢了工作只能怪他自己。句型“有人认为.已 可用It is thought/ believed/ .that sb have/has done结构。从句中的动作发生在主句动作之前。该结构可转 化为sb is thought/believed +不定式的完成式。故选B项。9. (2011 天津高考真题)into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having transl

10、ated【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:被译为英语,句子被发现有一个完全不一样的句序。在同主语的主从复 合句中,当从句的主语和谓语是主动关系,用现在分词表示主动关系,当从句的主语和谓语是被动关系, 用过去分词表示被动。句中逻辑主语the sentence与translate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作状语。故 选Bo(2015江苏高考真题)Much time sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by healthproblems.A. being spentB. having spentC. spentD

11、. spending【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:办公室工作人员坐在办公桌前的时间长,通常都会受到健康问题的困扰。 分析句子结构可知,分词的逻辑主语和后面主句的主语不一致,应用独立主格结构。分词主语和分词动作 之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且动作已完成,故用过去分词。故选C项。二、用单词的适当形式填空(每题1分,共40分)(2022.6 全国乙卷 )(strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social med

12、ia.【答案】To strengthen【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上开展一些公共宣传活 动。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词“included”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“加强与年轻人 的联系”是“在社交媒体上开展一些公共宣传活动”的目的,故应用不定式作目的状语,“strengthen”意为“加 强”,动词词性,句首单词首字母大写,故空格处应填“To strengthen”。故填To strengthen。10. (2021.6 全国乙卷)Minimize the impact of(visit) the place.【答案】visitin

13、g【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:尽量减少参观这个地方的影响。分析句子结构可知Minimize为句子谓语 动词,所以空处应填非谓语动词形式,依据空前的介词。f,应用动名词形式作宾语。故填visiting。11. (2022黑龙江齐齐口合尔二模)The book has inspired Nina( spend) the next year trying to becomeher own biggest fan and writing about the thirty things that she is truly proud about herself.【答案】to spend【解析】考查非谓

14、语动词。句意:这本书激励Nina在接下来的一年里努力成为自己最大的粉丝,并写下 她真正为自己感到自豪的30件事。分析句子可知,设空处应填非谓语动词作宾补,再结合inspire的用法, 此处考查inspire sb. to do sth.表“鼓舞某人做某事”,为固定短语搭配。故填to spend。12. (2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔二模)Suddenly it seems to them that Nina has become an extremely unhappyteenager who lacks direction rather than an adult living her own l

15、ife.(see) their aimless daughter every day, they are very disappointed.【答案】Seeing【解析】考查非谓语。句意:在他们看来,尼娜突然变成了一个极度不快乐的少年,她缺乏方向,而不是 一个过自己生活的成年人。每天看到漫无目的的女儿,他们感到很失望。分析句子结构可知,空处所在句 子的主句为they are very disappointed,设空处所在句子作状语,应填写非谓语作状语。因逻辑主语they和 see之间是主谓关系,且非谓语动作与主句谓语are同时发生,所以应该用非谓语现在分词作时间状语。故 填 Seeing o(

16、2020全国高三专题练习) (expose) to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.【答案Being exposed【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:长时间暴露在阳光下对皮肤是有害的。根据句子结构可知,设空处缺少 主语。be exposed to表示意为“暴露,接触”,此处在句中作主语,故用动名词作主语。同时该空位于句首, 首字母应该大写。故填Being exposed。13. (2022甘肃兰见|模)Chinas accumulated experience in reducing food loss and waste

17、is being shared with the world. This knowledge will help many countries improve their ability(reduce) food loss and ensure food security, experts and officials said.【答案】to reduce【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:专家和政府官员们称,中国在减少食物损失和浪费方面所积累的经验正 分享给整个世界。这一知识能帮助很多国家来提升他们减少食物损失的能力,并且能确保食物安全。分析 句子可知,设空处应填非谓语动词做the ability的

18、后置定语,再结合句意,“做某事的能力”表达为the ability to do sth.,应用动词不定式做后置定语。故填to reduceo(2022甘肃兰州一模 According to the FAO, over 155 million people experienced serious food insecurity in 2020, the highest number in the past five years. This was caused by conflict, extreme weather events and economic shocks(relate) to C

19、OVID-19.【答案】related【解析】考查非谓语。句意:根据粮农组织的数据,2020年有超过1.55亿人经历了严重的粮食不安全, 是过去五年来的最高数字。这是由冲突、极端气候和与新冠相关的经济冲击引起的。分析句子结构可知, 谓语动词为was caused,由句意可知,设空处是非谓语作后置定语。逻辑主语economic shocks和relate为 动宾关系,应该用过去分词表被动来作后置定语。故填related。14. (2022广东梅州二模)The eye-catching colors and styles created a visual feast that many have

20、never seen before, quickly(turn) the collections into best sellers.【答案】turning【解析】考查非谓语。句意:引人注目的色彩和风格创造了许多人从未见过的视觉盛宴,结果迅速将这些 系列书籍变成了畅销书。分析句子结构可知,谓语为created,逗号后无连词,所以空处为非谓语作结果状 语。主语The eye-catching colors and styles和turn之间为主谓关系,所以用现在分词作结果状语。故填 turning o(2022福建省福州第一中学三模)(satisfy) the diverse tastes of

21、 today 9s youth, sellers are putting fancy decorations on this ancient costume. But others said clothing with fancy and modem decorations cant be seen as hanfu at all.答案】To satisfy【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了满足当今年轻人多样化的口味,卖家们在这身古装上添加了花哨的 装饰。结合句意,分析句子结构可知,谓语动词为are putting,空处为非谓语作目的状语。非谓语不定式 常用在句首,作目的状语,所以空处用不定式

22、作目的状语入故填To satisfy。15. (2022陕西宝鸡市渭滨区模拟)You are in the car on the way to work. Youre a little nervous, (fear ) that you might be late.【答案】fearing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:你坐在车里,在去上班的路上。你有点紧张,害怕迟到。此处为非谓语 动词作伴随状语,You与动词fear之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,所以需用现在分词fearing表主动。故填fearing。 21. (2022湖南二模)In this city, there is the Puer Mon

23、ument to the National Unity Oath, known as the No. 1 Monument of New China for National Unity”, Menglian Xuanfusi Department(reflect) the history and culture of the Dai nationality, and a batch of national dances and songs enjoying great popularity including Troth Plighting and Awa People Sing New S

24、ongs”.【答案】reflecting【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在这座城市里,有被誉为“新中国民族团结第一纪念碑”的普洱民族团结 誓词纪念碑,有反映傣族历史文化的孟连宣福寺,还有一批广受欢迎的民族歌舞,包括长跑和阿华 人唱新歌。分析句子结构,空处作非谓语动词,reflect与被修饰词Menglian Xuanfusi Department之间是 主动关系,应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填reflecting。22. (2022河南新乡二模)The first creature(orbit) our planet was just 2 years old. Her name was Lai

25、ka. She was a good dog.【答案】to orbit【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:第一个绕地球运行的生物才两岁。她叫Laika,是条好狗。the+序数词+ 名词+t。do是固定用法,意为“第几个做的”,所以此处应用不定式,作后置定语。故填t。orbit。23. (2022山东模拟预测)(aim) to recall tradition, the design team applied the patterns, colors, and techniques ofYis culture to their contemporary fashion design, includin

26、g T-shirts, jackets, shirts and other essentials.【答案】Aiming【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了唤起传统,设计团队将彝族文化的图案、色彩和技术运用到他们的 当代服装设计中,包括T恤、夹克、衬衫和其他必需品。the design team与aim之间是逻辑上的主谓关系, 应用现在分词,作状语,表主动,位于句首,首字母大写,故填Aiming。24. (2022 年全新高考 I 卷)The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National

27、Park(GPNP).(cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.【答案】Covering【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国政府最近敲定了建立大熊猫国家公园的计划。该国家公园的面积约 为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为首批国家公园之一。句中有谓语,且逗号前后没有连词,所以此处在句中 是非谓语动词做状语,动词cover占(一片面积)”和其逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系

28、,应用现在 分词的形式作状语,单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填Covering。25. (2019全国高二专题练习) After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope (provide).【答案】provided【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在表格填妥及签署后,请用所提供的信封把表格寄回我们。设空处修饰 名词envelope,为非谓语动词,provide与逻辑主语envelope之间为动宾关系,设空处应用过去分词provided, 作后置定语。故填provided。26. (2018全国高一

29、专题练习)Time(permit), Ill arrange fbr you to meet Professor Li before you leave for Japan.【答案】permitting【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意:如果时间允许,在你动身去日本之前我会安排你去见李教授的。分析 句子结构,此句为独立主格结构。permit应该和前面的逻辑主语Time构成主动关系,permit用现在分词形式,相当于if引导的条件状语从句。故填permittingo27. (2022 年全国甲卷)Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to

30、 walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xian to Kashgar on Sept. 20,(plan) to hike back to Xian in five months. 【答案】planning【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:现在,曹已经开始了他梦想的第二部分,沿着一带一路走下去。9月20 日,他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步返回到西安。结合句意,分析句子可知, 谓语动词为flew,空处为非谓语作伴随状语。主语He与plan之间为主谓关系,所以应用现在分词作伴随 状

31、语。故填planning。28. (2018全国高二专题练习)When she came in, she found a stranger(seat) at the back of the classroom with his eyes fixed upon her.【答案】seated【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当她走进教室时,她发现一个陌生人坐在教室的后面,两眼盯着她。分 析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词found,设空处需填非谓语动词形式,结合提示词可知,seat是及物动 词,意为“使就坐”,常用结构为seat oneself;但如果把人放动词seat前面,宾语变为主语,一般用被动形

32、式,故此处用过去分词seated。故填seated。29. (2018 年浙江卷)1 still remember(visit) a friend whod lived here for five years.【答案】visiting【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我仍然记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友。此处指我记得去拜访一 个在这里住了五年的朋友,表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth,故填visiting。30. (2020 年浙江卷 1 月)The median (中位数的)age of an American in 1950 was 30-today it is 41

33、and is expected(increase) to 42 by 2050.【答案】to increase【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1950年美国人的年龄中位数是30岁,而今天是41岁,预计到2050年 将增至42岁。根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”可知,空处应填不定式作主语补足语。故填t。 increase o(2020 年3匕京卷)A piece of stone(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, wer

34、e cleverer than previously thought.【答案】found【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明,我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特 人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests,设空处在句中作非谓语,find和逻辑主语stone之间 是逻辑被动关系,用过去分词,作后置定语。故答案为found。31. (2020 年北京卷)It takes them hundreds of years(break) down.【答案】to break【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型1115 5卜尔由+一段时间+1010

35、sth.(花某人/物多长时间干某事),此处用动词不定式(to do)作真正主语,It形式主语。故填to break。32. (2018全国高一专题练习)Some 76,800 high school students went abroad for their education last year,(account) for 23 percent of all Chinese students studying abroad.【答案】accounting【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:去年,约有76800名高中生出国留学,占所有中国留学生总数的23%。 account for为固定搭配,意为“

36、在数量、比例上占工此处是表示自然的结果,用现在分词作状语。故 答案为 accountingo(2021 年北京卷)From 2000 to 2019, there were 7, 348 major natural disasters around the world, (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.【答案】resulting【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:2000年至2019年,全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起,造成经济损失 2.97万亿美元。句中已有谓语动词were且无连词,故空处应用非谓语动词,此处表示一种自然的结果, 应用现

37、在分词,作结果状语。故填resulting。33. (2021 年匕京卷)Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need (invest) in disaster prevention.答案to invest【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这种增长在很大程度上是由于气候变化。研究结果表明,急需投资于灾 害预防。根据语境可知,此处表示未来的动作,应用不定式,作后置定语修饰名词need。故填to invest。34. (2021 年4匕京卷)There have been a

38、dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years,(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.【答案】caused【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:根据联合国的一份新报告,过去20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增 加,这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。句中已有谓语动词have been,故空处应填非谓语动词作状 语,a dramatic rise

39、 in the number of extreme weather events 与 cause 是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词。故填 causedo(2021 全国甲卷)After(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action.【答案】spending【解析】考查动名词。句意:在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后,我们决定是时候采取一 些行动了,还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知,此处After为介词,故spe

40、nd应用其动名词 形式作介词宾语。故填spending。35. (2022全国高三专题练习)On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars,(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.【答案】listening【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在我们为期一周的逗留的最后一天,我们被邀请去北岸一个美丽的农场 听一场

41、私人音乐会,在星空下聆听音乐家的演奏,与有趣的当地人见面。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动 词作伴随状语,we与listen为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式表主动。故填listening。36. (2018全国高一专题练习)The money collected should be made good use of(help) the people who suffered a lot in the terrible flood in Beijing on the night of July 21, 2012, which caused great losses.【答案】to help【解析】非谓语

42、动词。句意:在2012年7月21日晚北京发生特大洪水,造成巨大损失,这次收集到的钱 应该用来帮助在洪水中遭受痛苦的人们。根据句意可知,此处表示“为了帮助人民“,是动词不定式作目的 状语,故填to help。37. (2022全国,高三专题练习)1 like eating(fry) tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.【答案】fried【解析】考查形容词。句意:我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋,当然我以为这道菜做起来很容易。分析句子结构可 知,动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系,所以此处应用过去分词转化的形容词作定

43、语。故填fried。38. (2022全国高三专题练习)When we got a call(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was joke.【答案】saying a【解析】考查现在分词和不定冠词。句意:当我们接到电话说她入选了,我们还以为是个玩笑。分析句子 可知,第一空是非谓语动词做后置定语,修饰名词call,动词say和call之间是主谓关系,第一空应用现 在分词saying作定语;joke玩笑,是可数名词,此处泛指“一个玩笑”,应用不定关系词a。故填sayinga。 42. (2021 全国 乙卷)Accommodations aim(

44、have) a low impact on the natural environment.【答案】to have【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在, 目的是。不定式作宾语。故填to have。43. (2022 年全国乙卷)(strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media,(invite)twenty-nine tea profess

45、ionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.【答案】To strengthen inviting【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动该包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传 活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。分析句子可知,included是 谓语动词,与动词strengthen之间无连词,故空格处1应填动词的非谓语形式,再结合句意“为了加强与年 轻人的联系”可知,空格处1应填动词不定式作目的状语。故填To stre

46、ngthen。同理,空格处2前面的句子 的谓语动词是included,与动词invite之间无连词连接,因此空格处2应填动词invite的非谓语形式,而逻 辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填To strengtheninviting。44. (2022 全国甲卷inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation(hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬)to t

47、he ancient Silk Road.【答案】held【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发,曹决定徒步穿 越这条路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语动词decided,所以hold应用非谓语 动词形式,hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语,表被动。故填held。45. (2022 全国甲卷)He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xian to Kashgar on Sept. 20,(plan) to hike back to Xian in five months

48、.【答案】planning【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:9月20日,他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步 回到西安。分析句子可知,已有谓语动词flew,所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式,plan与主语He 之间为逻辑主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动,作状语。故填planning。46. (2022 年全新高考 T 卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.【答案】to increase【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大 熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不

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