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1、高一英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练技W08如何设计对话对话是故事角色在故事中相互之间的谈话或自言自语的内心独白。对话描写是故事叙述中的一种重要 手段，在读后续写中运用适当的对话描写，能揭示人物的性格和个性，打破单调，能够铺垫出合理的续 写情节，从而推动情节向前发展。对话提示词，如said Winstonhe said、he added等（注意，主语是名词时通常放在动词后；主语是 代词时，放在动词前）。提示词的位置可以放在引用的对话前、中、后三个位置， 它与对话内容部分构 成一个整体，不需要大写。如：* When you were a young man we were all living i
2、n the tree- tops,n said the barman, with a glance al the other customers.v为j避免单调，除了常见的say, ask, answer, yell, call, cry外，对话提示词中还可用其他动词：think（想）； declare （表明,宣称）；admit （承认）；detail （详细解释道）；emphasize （强调）；remember （回想起,记 得）；recall （回想起,记起）；comfort （安慰）；begin （开始讲话）；add （补充说,继续说）;hesitate （犹 豫）；continue
3、 （继续）；repeal （重说）；scream （尖叫，大声叫）；exclaim （惊叫，呼喊）；scold （责备）； laugh （发笑）；chuckle （低声 轻笑）；sneer （嘲笑，讥讽）；shout （大声说，怒骂）；reply （回答）；sob （啜 泣）；demand （要求）；command （命令）；suggest （建议）;persist （坚持）;remark （说起,评论）;agree （同意）;beg （恳求，哀求）；announce （宣布）;explain （解释）；sigh （叹息）；correcl （纠正）；whisper （耳语;小声说）；grunt
4、 （咕哝）;mumble （口齿不清地说）;stammer （结结巴巴地说）；stutter （结结巴巴 地说）；groan （发牢骚）；grumble （嘟哝；发牢骚）；mutter （嘀咕；发牢骚）；complain （抱怨）；murmur （喃喃细语）；moan （呻吟,抱怨）；gabble （急促而含混不清地说）；gasp （气喘吁吁地说）；snarl （不 耐烦地说）；snap （厉声说,怒气冲冲地说）；bellow （怒吼）;growl （怒吼）等。对话中的逗号要放在引号里面。对话提示词与引用的话语构成一个完整的句子，引号的结尾常用逗号。 如：And now I must go,“
5、 she said as soon as he had mastered his instructions.如果对话提示词在一个完整对话中间，其后需用逗号，且后半句话的开头首字母用小写。如：Dont be late fbr supper,M Uncle Paul cried, uand keep to the track so that you dont get lost! ”此外，引号内可使用感叹号或问号。如：44 Whatever is he saying? ” said a voice, very near, distinct and shrill through the warblin
6、g of the Super-Wurlitzer.“These women!” he said, as the machine rose into the air.对话一般由引用部分、标点符号、对话提示语和其他成分构成。对话提示语后如适当增加其他成分， 能够生动传神地展示对话.在读后续写中我们可以利用如下方法来刻画人物对话：（一）增加副词在对话提示词后增加副词，加强描绘说话人的语气情感，使对话更形象化。例 1 4tYou must have seen great changes since you were a young man, said Winston tentatively.例 2 4
7、4 In the place where there is no darkness? he said hesitantly.高分句型 1. Seized by exultation, I could have stayed up all night decorating it.（过去分词作状语）高分句型 2. But my mother insisted that it was nearly midnight, and that we should all get ready to bed.（由 and 并列的两个that引导的宾语从句并列）4.【参考范文】The big day came a
8、t last. I jogged all （he way to ihe backstage of the school hall. Cameras were lighting up in all directions. Looking back on five months practise, 1 seemed to have confidence in myself. I found a new person inside me, a much more daring and outgoing person who had been hidden all along. However, wh
9、en I was about to go on stage, my heart was pounding so hard that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak.At that time, Mrs. Sally came backstage for her final check-up and noticed that my nen,ousness. It doesnt matter how you do tonight,M she said. Youve already shown how wondcrfiil you are. Loo
10、king into Mrs Sallys shining blue eyes, I calmed down and （hen walked onto the stage with his warm words like a ray of sunshine. When I finished my performance, the audience burst into applause. The scene made me feel myself floating in an ocean of happiness. I knew that all this was due to the enco
11、uragement from my teacher, who helped me find the confidence to succeed.【写作解析】本文以人物为线索展开，在一年级和二年级的时候，作者非常害羞，所以在学校一年一度的 盛大演出时，作者总是坐在一个僻静的角落独自观看。上三年级的时候，Sally老师认为作者很适合演一部 剧中的Jenny,便鼓励作者演这一角色。经过五个月的练习，作者登台演出前感觉非常紧张，但在Sally老 师的鼓励卜.作者成功完成了演出。1 .段落续写：由第一段首句内容“大日子终于来了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在登台演出前的紧张情绪和心理活动等。 由第二段首句内
12、容“这时，Sally老师来到后台做最后的检查，注意到我的紧张。”可知，第二段可描写 Sally老师对作者的鼓励以及作者在Sally老师的鼓励下成功完成演出。2 .续写线索：演出来临感到紧张老师鼓励演出成功3 .词汇激活 行为类慢跑：jog/canler/run slowly完成：finish/accomplish帮助某人做某事：help sb. do sth./aid sb. to do sth.情绪类（心脏）狂跳：pound/beat quickly and loudly镇定下来：calm down/collect oneself【典型句式】高分句型 11 I found a new per
13、son inside me, a much more daring and outgoing person who had been hidden all along, （a much more daring and outgoing person 和前面的 a new person 是同位语;who 引导的限制性定语从 句）高分句型 2However, when I was about to go on stage, my heart was pounding so hard that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak.（运用了由when引
14、导的时间状语从句和so.that引导的结果状陪从句）高分句型 311 knew that all this was due to the encouragement from my teacher, who helped me find the confidence to succeed.（由连词that引导的宾语从句和关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句）5.【参考范文】Paragraph 1:“Pride goes before a fall, they say and it certainly did in the case of poor Mary Lee. Happiness and
15、Friendship were the two subjects for the essay but Mary Lee knew little about either of them. As she scratched her head for ideas and wrote something aimlessly with her pen, she realized that she didnt have any friends to speak of and that she was very far from being happy. She had no idea, so she d
16、id not win the prize. Tears came into her eyes when she knew she was a loser this time.Paragraph 2:Mary Lee suddenly realized that how silly she had been. She felt so silly because all her money and her cleverness seemed nothing compared with not winning the prize. I mustnt be too proud or too sure,
17、 she thought. “The fall is too hard fbr me, because I have been too proud all the time. So she decided to make a change. She became a very pleasant person after（ha（ and her fellow pupils became her friends. She still won many prizes, bu（ she never forgot the valuable lesson that the one prize she lo
18、st had taught her.【写作解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了 Mary Lee生活富足，她不仅长得漂亮，而且学习好，Mary Lee 非常骄傲且自负，即使没有朋友，她也不在乎。期末临近，同学们都想获得最重要的奖项，写出关于友谊 或幸福的最优秀的文章的人才能获奖，Mary Lee确信自己能获奖.1 .段落续写：由第一段首句内容心骄者必败，”他们说，在可怜的玛丽李身上确实如此。”可知，第一段可描写Mary Lee 失败了，她遭遇了什么，为什么会失败，幸福和友谊对她的失败有无影响。由第二段首句内容“玛丽李突然意识到自己是多么愚蠢。”可知，第二段可描写Mary Lee会不会意识到 自己
19、错，她打算怎么改正，同学们的反应和最后的结论。2 .续写线索：Mary Lee不会写文章Mary Lee意识到自己的问题哭Mary Lee决定改变改变3 .词汇激活行为类意识到：realize that./be aware that.哭：tears come into ones eyes/tears fill ones eyes做出改变：make a change/make a transformation 情绪类不高兴：far from being happy/be very upset骄傲：be proud/be arrogant【典型句式】高分句型 IJ As she scratched
20、 her head for ideas and wrote something aimlessly with her pen, she realized that she didnt have any friends to speak of and that she was very far from being happy.（由 as 引导的时间状语从句和 that引导的宾语从句）高分句型 2J She still won many prizes, but she never forgot the valuable lesson that the one prize she lost had
21、 taught her.（由关系代词that引导限制性定语从句）（二）并列动词在对话中增加动作描写，能渲染故事气氛，增添画面感。例 3 “ Seven minutes behind time,“ he added, and shook his head.H列 4 “Perhaps we had better go on, said Miss Keate, and moved towards the door.（三）增加介词短语在对话提示词后增加介词短语，能够更详细地表现出说话者的神态、语调、声音等具体情况。例 54iYou all remember,said the Controller, i
22、n his strong deep voice .例 6 “ The Ministry of Plenty,s certainly done a good job this year, he said with a knowing shake of his head.（四）增加分词短语在对话中增加分词或分词短语表示伴随状况，不仅能够增添画面感，而且能够使句子结构更加复杂， 表达更加丰富。例 7“What are you giving them? ” asked Mr. Foster, making his tone very professional.（分词短语）例 8 Yes, said M
23、ustapha Mond, nodding his head, “you may well shudder. ”（分词短语）（五）增加状语从句在对话中增加从句，使得续写的语法结构更加复杂，同时，更细节化地表达说话人说话时的具体情况。 例 9“At last,“ she thought exultantly as she stepped out of the cab.（从句）例 1OJ “In the place where there is no darkness,M he said, as though he had recognized the allusion.（从句）学会在续写的对话中
24、正确使用标点符号，在对话提示词中灵活运用不同的动词，掌握展示对话的5种 方法，从而达到提高自身语言表达的准确性和生动性。在读后续写中展示对话，能够丰富续写的内容和语 言，增强语篇的连贯性，有利于推动合理的续整体书写演练1.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Spreading Kindness Around the World“Mom, wc want to write a book/ my fivc-ycar-old twins, Delilah and Nathcniai, told me one day.I looked at my kids cur
25、iously. kWhat do you mean?Arc they joking? I thought. I dont know the first thing about getting a book published. Still, I didnt want to squash their creativity. *Okay.what do you want it to be about?”“An envelope that travels all over the world spreading kindness,“ Nathcnial said, his eyes shining.
26、Over the next few months,my kids dreamed up more of the story. The main characters were a pair of twins just like them. I wrote down everything, making sure not to miss a detail. The kids even sketched scenes with colored pencils.The theme of Delilah and NatheniaPs story was being kind to others, no
27、 matter how little you might have. I wondered if that was partly because Id told them what my life had been like when I was their age.I remember my father died when I was five. My mom, younger sister and I ended up on the streets,sleeping in parks and homeless hotels for more than a year. I found my
28、self standing in any line I could to get donated food.Despite-or maybe because ofour hardships, 1 tried to help others. I handed out snacks to people who were homeless, took in slray （走失的）animals and helped give out donations at a church where the woman in charge would send me home with food. After
29、I gave birth to our （wins, I not only taught them to be kind but also to make sure they knew that anything was possible.I guess I did a pretty good job, because here the twins were, at age five, managed to write a book. After we sclf-pubiishcd The Magical Envelope last Childrens Day, the kids decide
30、d to donate it to the kindergarten in our community.注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右：2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。The twins, now eight, continue to amaze me.My kids understand more about the hardship I endured.3 .阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。I grew up in a small town where the primary school was a ten-minute walk from my
31、 house. When the noon bell rang, I would race breathlessly home. My mother would be standing at the top of the stairs, smiling down at me.One lunchtime when I was in the third grade will stay with me always. I had been picked to be the princess in the school play, and fbr weeks my mother had rehears
32、ed （排练）my lines so hard with me. But no matter how easily I acted at home, as soon as I stepped onstage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrators （旁白的）part to the play, and asked me to change roles. Her words, kindly expre
33、ssed, still hurt, especially when I saw my part go to another girl.I didnt tell my mother what had happened when I went home fbr lunch that day. But she sensed my pain. Instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard.It was a lovely spring day and the rose vine
34、（藤蔓）was turning green. Under the huge trees, wc could see yellow dandelions （蒲公英）in the grass in bunch, as if a painter had touched our landscape with gold. I watched my mother casually bend down by one dandelion. think Im going to dig up all these weeds,M she said, pulling it up by its roots. uFrom
35、 now on, well have only roses in this garden.*“But I like dandelions,“ I protested. 44Ail flowers arc bcautifiil-cvcn dandclions.My mother looked at me seriously. 4tYcs, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesnt it? She asked thoughtfully. I nodded, pleased that I had won her over. uAnd tha
36、t is tme of people too,“ she added. uNot everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that. Relieved that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2 .续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。Paragraph 1“But you will be a beau
37、tiful narrator, she said, encouraging and comforting me as usual.Paragraph 2After the play, I took home the flower.3 .阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成篇完整的短文。Act of MemoryI was a young girl of eleven then, living in Brooklyn. My father had died unexpectedly that summer. Times was suddenly very hard for
38、my mother, my brother, and me.Papa had always made a big deal out of Christmas. Every Christmas, when we were about to decorate (he tree, he would make a little ceremony out of taking a special little Kewpie-doll out of its box, holding it up in front of me, saying, t4Maria, this doll is as old as y
39、ou are. Then he would hang it on the Christmas tree. Papa bought that little doll when I was born, and it had become a small tradition. But this Christmas we were to have no tree. My mother was a practical woman, saying it was a luxury. I thought, with quiet but strong bitterness and anger, that it
40、had never meant as much to her as it had to Papa anyway.We had been to church that evening and were walking back home in silence. All I could see were the tree-lit windows we passed. Their cheerful glow made my bitterness even more intense because I pictured happy families in those houses, sharing l
41、aughter, exchanging presents, talking, joking. I knew while arriving home, we would be greeted by darkened windows and endless emptiness.As we passed my friends house, I asked my mother to please let me drop in for a while. She nodded. I waited until my mother and brother disappeared around the come
42、r. Then I turned and headed for my friends house. Suddenly, a pile of abandoned Christmas trees from the store next to her house came into my sight. Surprised and excited, I dashed to the trees, picked out the best one and began half-dragging my treasure home. It seemed as if Papa was mixed up in th
43、is somehow. It seemed as if he was in the stars above me, in eveiy lighted-house, in the very tree I was carrying.注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。When I got home, I rang the doorbell and couldnt wait to show them the tree.Before going to bed. I slipped to see my tree one last time but saw my
44、mother standing in front of it.4 .阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成篇完整的短文。In the first and second grades, I was extremely shy. I had friends, but it just wasnt in my personality to be very outgoing, even if I knew someone well. I was even quieter with strangers, and so I wasnt very good at meeting new p
45、eople. I was afraid that I would do or say something wrong.So in our schooPs annual grand play, I usually sat in a secluded （僻静的）corner to watch the performance alone. I hoped to sit in the background and watch the actors sweat in front of all those pairs of eyes.One day in the third grade, my teach
46、er Mrs. Sally called me into her office and said, “Oh, Mary, you rc great at memorizing things, and you have such a sweet personality. Perfect fbr Jenny! But I bowed my head and dared not speak. The teacher saw this and then said, “Of course, plenty of girls would love the role, and I could find som
47、ebody else. But I hope you could try it for me. I had you in mind for Jenny while writing the play! If you really dont want to, I wont force you. Ifs your choice.My mind was spinning （快速旋转）faster than the windmill （风车）on the school playground. Mrs. Sally, whom I loved and admired, wanted me to play
48、this role. She believed in me. My eyes moved across the room to a poster I had never noticed before. It showed a shooting star and read, “If you reach fbr the stars, you might at least grab a piece of the moon. 1 looked into Mrs. Sallys shining blue eyes and said、”Okay,11 try. I realized it was time to throw off my shy mask and show the world who I really was.In the following five months, the teacher taught me how to set, put on makeup, memorize lines, create costumes and so on. Gradually, I mastered （掌握）my lines and songs.