《语篇型语法填空（通用版）2023高考英语二轮复习重难考点（新题型）突破（通用版）（原卷版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《语篇型语法填空（通用版）2023高考英语二轮复习重难考点（新题型）突破（通用版）（原卷版）.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、题型四语篇型语法填空【专题导航】目录一、考情解读1二、命题分析预测1三、聚焦核心素养1四、析考情题型突破1五、精选考点题型专练12一、考情解读该题型把语法放在语境中进行考查，要求考生自主运用语法知识解题。这种题型要求考生重 视语篇阅读理解能力，理清语法基本概念。二、命题分析预测语法填空对考生的语篇阅读能力提出了更高要求，旨在考杳考生在语篇层面上理解句意和文 意、分析语言结构的能力以及正确运用基础语法和构词法的能力。建议考生在平时的学习中，根据构词法来记忆和复习单词，掌握各词类的不同用法，遇到长难 句能正确分析句子结构，从而正确理解句意。在练习中，要特别关注与中国传统文化相关和反 映中国建设新成
2、就的语篇素材。三、聚焦核心素养语法填空题以语篇为依托，考点明确，重点突出，考查的知识面较广，重视对基础语法知识的考 查，突出语法的表意功能。该题型重在检测考生在语境中综合运用英语知识的能力，培育考生 的文化意识，锻炼考生的逻辑思维能力，从而提升考生分析、解决问题的能力。四、析考情-题型突破命题特点.选材特点(1)短文型语法填空通常为一篇200词左右的短文，选材一般以说明文为主，记叙文和议论文为it:指代上文提到的某物或某事，或固定句式中作形式主语，或强调句型中用il。关系代词:在定语从句中作主语的关系代词that, which. who等。They dont give up;instead.
3、they remind themselves how important is to keep going.【解析】分析句式可知，空处在宾语从句中作形式主语,代替后面不定式短语to keep going,故填itoRelaxation is very necessary,will enhance your awareness and ability to concentrate.【解析】分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为relaxation.且关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词whicho缺宾语如果空前为及物动词、及物动词短语或者介词，要考虑以下两类：it:指代上文提到
4、的某事或某物，或在固定句式中作形式宾语。关系代词:在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that,which,whom等。However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using every day.【解析】根据语境可知，空处指代上文出现的“he railway”,故此处应用it。1 .在名词、代词、动词ing前设空，可以考虑用限定词或介词限定词如果在名词前设空,应首先考虑限定词。因为根据英语的习惯名词前一般要有限定词。常考 查的限
5、定词包括冠词(a, an, the)关系词(whose等)、疑问代词(whal, which等)和不定代词(no, some, any, each, every, either, neither, many 等)。Mary Moe may look like average grandmother, but she is not.【解析】此处修饰可数名词单数，且表示泛指，应用不定冠词,又因为average的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。The old bank,appearance is not a pretty sight, is extremely beautiful on the ins
6、ide.【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰先行词The oldbank;根据句意可知,The old bank与appearance之间为所属关系，故用whose。(2)介词如果在名词或代词前设空,而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语，该空很 可能填介词。此时要特别注意所填词与空前的词是否可以构成固定搭配。However,ads are not just a tool for getting people to buy things; they also serve a window into culture, society and histo
7、ry.【解析】句意:然而，广告不仅仅是一种让人们买东西的工具，也是文化、社会和历史的窗口。serve as sth.为固定搭配，表示可用作，起作用”。2 .若两个或多个单词/短语之间或两个句子间没有连接词，可能要填连词，常考查的有表示承 接、平行、递进等关系的and、表示选择关系的。r和固定结构或句式中的连词。It was time for her to have a new baby, it was also time for the young panda to be independent.【解析】由语境及句子结构可知，前后分句之间为平行关系，因此用ando.若两个句子(一个主谓关系算一
8、个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一般考虑填从句 的引导词。it cried,she rocked it back and forth and gave it comforting pats.【解析】分析句子结构可以看出,逗号前后为两个句子，缺少从句的引导词。结合语境可知, 应用When或If引导时间或条件状语从句。故填When/ILThe next day, my brother and I went to the beach we watched some people play volleyball.【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，该从句修饰先行词beach,关系词在从
9、句中作地点状语,故用关系副词whereo3 .在形容词或副词前设空，表示程度要考虑用how,so,too等;在名词前设空，如果是感叹句考虑 用what等;不定式前设空，要考虑用疑问代词或疑问副词。Teens came together to do projects for people who areold or poor to do them.【解析】根据语境可知空处表示程度，修饰old和p。，故此处要填副词t。,构成too+adj.+to do sth.结构，表示太而不能做某事。故填too。4 .若句子结构较完整，空后的谓语动词是原形，且与上下文在时态I：或与主语在数上不致，很 可能填情态
10、动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, docs, did等)。如果是一般疑问句则要考虑填 助动词(do, does, did, have, has, had 等)或情态动词(can, may 等)。What is acceptable in one country be considered extremely rude in another.【解析】句中的What is acceptable in one country是主语从句，空格后的be considered是谓语;又因be是原形，故空格处应填情态动词或表示强调的助动词;由语境可知,此处应填表示 可能”的情态动词may。Then th
11、e driver stood up and asked,anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?【解析】句尾的问号提示该句为疑问句，由语境可知，“丢失”是发生在过去的动作,且空处位于疑问句句首，故填助动词Dido五、精选考点题型专练类型1中国特色Cloze 1Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the begin
12、ning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes fbr new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; the
13、y are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their Lucky Bamboo plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, (h
14、is plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms(梅花)：The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colorcd buds(蒋蕾)make fantastic decorations. The plum trees arc 7() first to flower
15、 even as (he snow is melling(融化).They represent (he promise of spring and a renewal of life.Cloze 2Diets have changed in China and so loo has ils lop crop. Since 2011, (he country 61 (grow) more com (han rice. Com production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increas
16、ed only 7 percent.A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason fbr corns risc:Thc government encourages fanners to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Com uses less water 65 rice and crea
17、tes less ferlilizer(化月巴)runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and resenoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture f
18、inds that between 2005 when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放)of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. Chinas approach to protecting its environme
19、nt while 70 (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,1 says the banks Juergen Vbegele.Cloze 3Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas arc its top 61 (attract).So it was a gr
20、eat honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 62 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official)given to me at a ceremony in London.
21、 But my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (pennit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pan
22、das at Chengdu and others at a research centre in (he misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 69 (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 70 other is wi
23、th mum she never suspects. 类型2社会与历史Cloze 4Some time after 10000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 56_, through agricullure.Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and
24、crops they had sown.Farming produced more food per person 58 hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were bom, more food 59(need).Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60 (change) lives.By about 6000 BC, people 61 (
25、discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.Later, they learned to work with the 62 (season), planting at the right time and. in dry areas, 63 (make) use of annual floods to irrigate(灌;既)their fields.This style of farming lasted for quite a long time.Then, with 64 rise of science, changes
26、began. New methods 65 (mean) that fewer people worked in farming.In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated.New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化月E) have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.Cloze 5 (2()20 新高考 H (海南)These days, it is not unusu
27、al fbr 10- to 12-ycar-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders 56 (begin) computer classes. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop _57 (education) computer programs fbr children in preschool. Also, t
28、echnological know-how has become a 58 (require) for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool in most 59 (profession).The Digital World is a set of volumes 60 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of di
29、gital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores 61 wide range of materials, explains (he basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 62 discusses (he inlluences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics 63 (be) practically limitles
30、s, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology.Readers 64 (encourage) to continue exploring the digital worldwith the guidance of 65 (wc) Further Resources section featured in each volume.Cloze 6Something significant i
31、s happening to the world population it is aging. The median(中位 数的)age of an American in 195056 (be) 30 today it is 41 and is expected 57(increase) to 42 by 2050. For Japan. the 58 (number) are more striking 22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65;
32、 by 2050, i( will be one in six.This aging of the population is driven 59 two factors. The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large 60 (compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes 61 (old) than before. This is 62 (particular) true in the U
33、S. The second reason is that people arc living longer. A child born in the US today has _63 very realistic chance of living beyond 1 ()0 and needs to plan accordingly.People tend (o focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should 64 (place) on longevity(长寿).It isnt just that people are,
34、 on average, living longer. Its also that they are on average healthier 65 more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.类型3工作与职业Cloze 7A 90-year-old has been awarded Woman Of The Year for 61 (be) Britains oldest full-time empl
35、oyee still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am (o 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.Picking up her Life
36、time Achievement award, proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans 65 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, I dont see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make)over (he years. I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.Gr
37、anddaughter Gayle Parks, 31 who works alongside her in the family business said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene fbr the award. She said, We dont have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, wc thought it was 69 joke. But then we got an offici
38、al letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. Ifs 70 (wonder).1Cloze 8She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term
39、61 (rest). Instead, she is earning 6.500 a day as 62 model in New York.Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britains new supemiodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top mod
40、els, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to universit
41、y to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture.Sarah says, My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school _69 (come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don,t want to have nothing else to fall back
42、 on when I cant model any more. 类型4饮食与健康Cloze 9Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out. I still
43、 remember 59 (visit) a friend who,d lived here for five years and I 6() (shock) when I learnt she hadnl cooked once in all that time.While regularly eating out seems (o 61 (become)common fbr many young people in recent years, its not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice
44、 a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.If you arc not going to suffer this problem, t
45、hen I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home 65 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.Cloze 10There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat con
46、tent and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt arc very important parts of a diet. T
47、hey arc required 63 (process) the food that we cat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt _64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to iry to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (b
48、ad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste
49、of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 7() is not good for the health.Cloze 11In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike. The artists reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像)done so he called al