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1、四级词汇总结妩媚人生 构词法：后缀(词性)前缀(意思)词根合成词妩媚人生 常见名词后缀：-er,-or,-ess,-ist,-ee,-ian,-ese,-ant等用于构成表示人或物的名称妩媚人生 -ance,-ence,-tion,-ics,-ing,-ity,-ment,-ness,-sion,-th,-ty,-ure，-age,-al等用于构成表示行为、性质、状态等的抽象名词。妩媚人生 常见形容词后缀：-able,-ible,-al,-ful,-less,-ish,-ive,-ous,-an,-ic,-ly,-y,-ant,-ent,-ary,-en,-some等等妩媚人生 常见副词后缀：
2、-ly -ward(s)-wise妩媚人生 常见动词后缀-ise/ize -en -ify等等构成反义的前缀:un-dis-in-im-ir-il-non-de-等妩媚人生 其它常见前缀：re-mis-co-anti-ex-pre-妩媚人生 post-fore-sub-inter-trans-semi-uni-妩媚人生 bi-tri-multi-auto-en-妩媚人生 常见词根：cred=believedict=saycirc=ringced=goflu=flow妩媚人生 leg,legis=lawjunct=connectject=throwlog=speaksent=feelvis,vi
3、d=see vert=turn妩媚人生 合成词-合成形容词形容词+名词+ed形容词+现在分词副词+现在分词名词+现在分词名词+过去分词副词+过去分词形容词+名词名词+形容词合成名词名词+名词形容词+名词动名词+名词动词+名词名词+动名词动词+副词副词+动词妩媚人生 合成动词名词+动词副词+动词形容词+动词妩媚人生 听力十大场景词（一）-学习1.1.申请学校申请学校申请学校申请学校applyforapplyfor申请申请businessdegreebusinessdegree商学院学位商学院学位payyourownwaypayyourownway自己支付各种费用自己支付各种费用2 2选修课程选修
4、课程选修课程选修课程semestersemester学期（美国英语）学期（美国英语）termterm学期（英国英语）学期（英国英语）registrationregistration注册注册coursecourse课程课程classpermitclasspermit听课证听课证optionalcourseoptionalcourse选修课选修课literatureclassliteratureclass文学课文学课3.3.听课听课听课听课lecturerlecturer讲师讲师barelystayawakebarelystayawake几乎不能保持清醒几乎不能保持清醒complicatedcom
5、plicated复杂复杂extracopiesextracopies多余的篇子多余的篇子informativeinformative信息量大信息量大presentationpresentation陈述，解释，陈述，解释，示范示范missionmission任务，使命任务，使命 4 4演说演说演说演说nervousnervous紧张的紧张的contestcontest比赛比赛calmcalm平静的平静的contestantcontestant参赛选手参赛选手alargeaudiencealargeaudience一大群观众一大群观众talkofthetowntalkofthetown镇上谈论的焦
6、点镇上谈论的焦点shakingallovershakingallover浑身发抖浑身发抖notabigdealnotabigdeal不不是什么大不了的事情是什么大不了的事情beyondmebeyondme超出我的理解范围超出我的理解范围5 5阅读阅读阅读阅读readingassignmentreadingassignment阅读任务阅读任务selectivelyselectively有选择地有选择地chapterbychapterchapterbychapter一章一章地一章一章地theorytheory理论理论readthroughreadthrough从头到尾地读从头到尾地读plotplo
7、t情节情节coverafewchapterscoverafewchapters涉及了几个章节涉及了几个章节intensivelyintensively精细地精细地charactercharacter人物角色人物角色6 6写文写文写文写文typingerrorstypingerrors打字错误打字错误reviserevise修订修订qualitypaperqualitypaper好纸好纸getitpublishedgetitpublishedproofreadproofread校对校对paragraphparagraph段落段落7 7考试考试考试考试finalexamfinalexam期末考试期
8、末考试failfail不及格，失败不及格，失败mid-termmid-term期中考试期中考试results(pl)results(pl)分数分数stayupstayup熬夜熬夜releaserelease发布（分数）发布（分数）twosleeplessnightstwosleeplessnights两天两夜没睡觉两天两夜没睡觉bethroughwithbethroughwith结束，完成结束，完成 场景二：工作场景二：工作1 1面试面试面试面试interviewinterview面试面试financefinance金融金融suitsuit西装西装accountingaccounting会计会
9、计tietie领带领带resumeresume简历简历workingexperienceworkingexperience工作经历工作经历handinhandin上交上交traveltravel出差出差annualvacationannualvacation年假年假2 2收发邮件收发邮件收发邮件收发邮件emailemail邮件邮件attachmentattachment附件附件loginlogin登录登录forwardthemailtoforwardthemailto把邮件转发给把邮件转发给logofflogoff登出登出3 3开会和约会开会和约会开会和约会开会和约会appointmentap
10、pointment约会约会moveontomoveonto继续继续confirmconfirm确认确认thenextitemthenextitem下一议题下一议题cancelcancel取消取消presentationpresentation陈述，解释，示范陈述，解释，示范comeinonesplacecomeinonesplace代表某人来代表某人来replacereplace取代取代onbehalfofonbehalfof代表代表 场景三：娱乐场景三：娱乐1 1看戏看戏看戏看戏GlobaltheatreGlobaltheatre环球剧院环球剧院dramadrama戏剧戏剧Grandthea
11、treGrandtheatre大剧院大剧院impressiveimpressive令人印象深刻的令人印象深刻的toodramatictobetruetoodramatictobetrue太假了太假了audienceaudience观众观众playthebossplaytheboss扮演老板扮演老板outofthewayoutoftheway太远了太远了thegreatesthitthegreatesthit大片大片alongqueuealongqueue长队长队appreciateappreciate欣赏欣赏soldoutsoldout卖完了卖完了2 2体育活动体育活动体育活动体育活动bask
12、etballseasonbasketballseason篮球赛季篮球赛季tennistennis网球网球campingcamping野营野营badmintonbadminton羽毛球羽毛球joggingjogging慢跑慢跑performanceperformance表现表现fishingfishing钓鱼钓鱼keepfitkeepfit保持健康保持健康3 3旅游旅游旅游旅游sceneryscenery风景风景GreekstyleGreekstyle希腊风格希腊风格lawnlawn草地草地museummuseum博物馆博物馆columncolumn柱子柱子statuestatue塑像塑像场景四
13、：购物场景四：购物1采购衣服采购衣服size型号comeinallsizes号全pricetag价格标签bargain讨价还价2其它其它discount折扣latesttechnology最新的科技cashier收银员场景五：吃饭场景五：吃饭1评点餐馆评点餐馆Italianrestaurant意大利餐馆popular受人喜爱的environment环境crowded拥挤的reserveatable预定餐桌2饮食健康饮食健康必备词汇表必备词汇表ondiet节食dessert甜点contain含有salad沙拉steak牛排场景六：居住场景六：居住1电话询问租房信息电话询问租房信息inquirea
14、bout询问furnished（公寓）带家具的apartment公寓（美国英语）double-bedroom两室的flat公寓（英国英语）2买房买房brochure册子housedeveloper房产开发场景七：交通场景七：交通1 1飞机飞机飞机飞机flightflight航班航班waitforfurthernoticewaitforfurthernotice等候进一步通知等候进一步通知gategate登机口登机口seatbeltseatbelt安全带安全带minormechanicalerrorsminormechanicalerrors轻微的机械故障轻微的机械故障terminaltermi
15、nal候机大厅候机大厅signsign标志标志aisleseataisleseat走廊座位走廊座位windowseatwindowseat靠靠窗座位窗座位check-incheck-in办理登机手续办理登机手续2 2小汽车小汽车小汽车小汽车parkinglotparkinglot停车场停车场maintainmaintain保养保养breakdownbreakdown抛锚抛锚garagegarage修车场修车场scratchesscratches刮蹭刮蹭highwayhighway高速公路高速公路singlelanesinglelane单行道单行道No-parkingsignNo-parking
16、sign禁禁止停车标志止停车标志3公交公交busstop车站passengers乘客crowded拥挤的pullinto进站4火车火车platform站台schedule时刻表sleeper卧铺besupposedto应该view景色scenery景色场景八：疾病场景八：疾病acold感冒dizzy头晕afever发烧exhausted筋疲力尽的havetheankletwisted扭到脚踝appetite胃口highbloodpressure高血压prescribe开处方takethetemperature发烧asorethroat喉咙疼dentist牙医ward病房场景九：天气场景九：天气
17、cloudover天阴起来sweat出汗clearup天晴起来weatherforecast天气预报coupledwithstrongwind伴有强风freezingcold非常冷drought干旱shower阵雨妩媚人生 场景十：人际关系场景十：人际关系hearfrom听到某人消息getalong与相处bemadwith对某人生气getintouchwith和联系妩媚人生 常见短语词汇之常见短语词汇之comecome across come across come up come up come up against come up against/with/to/with/tocome a
18、boutcome aboutcome around/roundcome around/roundcome atcome atcome offcome offcome downcome downcome down withcome down withcome outcome out偶遇，碰上偶遇，碰上偶遇，碰上偶遇，碰上出现；被讨论出现；被讨论出现；被讨论出现；被讨论突然碰到（困难等）突然碰到（困难等）突然碰到（困难等）突然碰到（困难等）/筹筹筹筹集集集集/达到达到达到达到发生，产生发生，产生发生，产生发生，产生苏醒，复原苏醒，复原苏醒，复原苏醒，复原攻击攻击攻击攻击脱落；成功；举行，发生脱落；
19、成功；举行，发生脱落；成功；举行，发生脱落；成功；举行，发生坍塌；（物价等）下跌坍塌；（物价等）下跌坍塌；（物价等）下跌坍塌；（物价等）下跌生病（口语）生病（口语）生病（口语）生病（口语）出现；出版；结果是出现；出版；结果是出现；出版；结果是出现；出版；结果是常见短语词汇之taketakeaftertakeafter与与相象相象takeaparttakeapart拆开拆开(机器等机器等)takeastakeas把把理解为理解为takeawaytakeaway拿走，夺去，使离拿走，夺去，使离去；去；减去减去takedowntakedown取下；记下；拆卸取下；记下；拆卸takefortakefo
20、r认为，以为；误认认为，以为；误认为为takeontakeon接受；包含；领会；接受；包含；领会；承承 担，从担，从 事；呈现，具有；开事；呈现，具有；开始始;雇佣雇佣takeintoaccounttakeintoaccount把把考虑进考虑进去去takeuptakeup拿起；着手处理；拿起；着手处理；占去占去takeover占据；接任(职位)takeout拿出；去掉；扣除；（通过申请等）取得，办理；(on)对.发泄takeback收回（说错的话）使回忆起takein接受，接纳，吸收；包括;领会，理解；欺骗takeeffect生效taketurns轮流常见短语词汇之turnturn down
21、turn down（音量）关小；拒绝；（音量）关小；拒绝；（音量）关小；拒绝；（音量）关小；拒绝；turn up turn up（音量）调大；出现，出席；（音量）调大；出现，出席；（音量）调大；出现，出席；（音量）调大；出现，出席；turn out turn out 结果是，证明是；结果是，证明是；结果是，证明是；结果是，证明是；It to be true It to be true 生产生产生产生产 This This factory has turned out a million cars this yearfactory has turned out a million cars th
22、is yearturn over turn over 翻过来；移交，转交（没有方向性）翻过来；移交，转交（没有方向性）翻过来；移交，转交（没有方向性）翻过来；移交，转交（没有方向性）比较：比较：比较：比较：hand over hand over 移交，交给（父传子）移交，交给（父传子）移交，交给（父传子）移交，交给（父传子）take over take over 接管接管接管接管 （子承父业）（子承父业）（子承父业）（子承父业）turn in turn in 上交；上交；上交；上交；turn to turn to 求助于，求教于求助于，求教于求助于，求教于求助于，求教于turn off/on
23、turn off/on 关关关关/开开开开常见短语词汇之makemake out=hard to recognize 努力辨认；努力辨认；理解，领会理解，领会make for 朝着朝着方向走方向走 make off 匆匆离开，逃走匆匆离开，逃走 set off cut offmake up 组成，构成；组成，构成；补考；补考；缓考缓考make it=succeed in doing sthmake up for 补偿补偿常见短语词汇之handhand overhand in 交来，交上，呈交交来，交上，呈交hand down 把把传下来传下来hand out 分发，派发分发，派发hand ar
24、ound一个传给另一个（没有方向一个传给另一个（没有方向性）性）常见短语词汇之callcall for要求；需要；要求；需要；call in 叫某人进来；约请，约进叫某人进来；约请，约进call off 取消取消=cancelcall on 拜访（某人）；号召，呼吁拜访（某人）；号召，呼吁call up打电话，使人想起；打电话，使人想起；动员，召集动员，召集妩媚人生 常见短语词汇之gogo off go off 离开；爆炸；断电离开；爆炸；断电离开；爆炸；断电离开；爆炸；断电go aftergo after追赶，追捕；追求；追赶，追捕；追求；追赶，追捕；追求；追赶，追捕；追求；go along
25、 go along 进展进展进展进展 go along with go along with 赞同；陪某人前往赞同；陪某人前往赞同；陪某人前往赞同；陪某人前往go around go around 四处走走；（消息等）传开四处走走；（消息等）传开四处走走；（消息等）传开四处走走；（消息等）传开go back on go back on 违背违背违背违背go by go by（时间等）流逝；遵守，遵循（时间等）流逝；遵守，遵循（时间等）流逝；遵守，遵循（时间等）流逝；遵守，遵循go for go for 去拿，去请；袭击；适用于去拿，去请；袭击；适用于去拿，去请；袭击；适用于去拿，去请；袭击；适
26、用于go into=investigate go into=investigate 调查，研究；谈及，谈论调查，研究；谈及，谈论调查，研究；谈及，谈论调查，研究；谈及，谈论 the the problemproblemgo out go out 出去；出去；出去；出去；熄灭（自己灭）熄灭（自己灭）熄灭（自己灭）熄灭（自己灭）fire put outfire put outgo over=review go over=review 复习，仔细检查复习，仔细检查复习，仔细检查复习，仔细检查go through go through 遭受，经历（苦难等）；审查遭受，经历（苦难等）；审查遭受，经历（苦
27、难等）；审查遭受，经历（苦难等）；审查go up go up 上升，上涨上升，上涨上升，上涨上升，上涨go with go with 陪某人一起行事；与陪某人一起行事；与陪某人一起行事；与陪某人一起行事；与协调一致，匹配协调一致，匹配协调一致，匹配协调一致，匹配常见短语词汇之breakbreak throughbreak through取得突破性进展；突破，突围；取得突破性进展；突破，突围；取得突破性进展；突破，突围；取得突破性进展；突破，突围；break downbreak down（机器等）损坏；（汽车）抛锚；（机器等）损坏；（汽车）抛锚；（机器等）损坏；（汽车）抛锚；（机器等）损坏；（汽
28、车）抛锚；（谈判）破裂；（人）身体垮掉（谈判）破裂；（人）身体垮掉（谈判）破裂；（人）身体垮掉（谈判）破裂；（人）身体垮掉break intobreak into破门而入，侵入；破门而入，侵入；破门而入，侵入；破门而入，侵入；break off break off 中断，突然停止；中断，突然停止；中断，突然停止；中断，突然停止；break outbreak out（火灾，战争，疾病等）爆发（火灾，战争，疾病等）爆发（火灾，战争，疾病等）爆发（火灾，战争，疾病等）爆发break up break up 打碎，驱散；终止，结束打碎，驱散；终止，结束打碎，驱散；终止，结束打碎，驱散；终止，结束bre
29、ak the silence=break the ice break the silence=break the ice 打破沉默打破沉默打破沉默打破沉默break the promise break the promise 违背诺言违背诺言违背诺言违背诺言break the record break the record 打破记录打破记录打破记录打破记录常见短语词汇之givegive away 赠送；（泄露，吐露）秘密赠送；（泄露，吐露）秘密give back 归还归还give in 屈服，让步屈服，让步=yield togive off（烟、热、光等）散发，释放（烟、热、光等）散发，释放g
30、ive up 放弃放弃=abandongive out=hand out=distribute常见短语词汇之pullpull out（车，船等）驶出，划出；拔出（车，船等）驶出，划出；拔出pull into(车，船等车，船等)进站进站pull through 恢复知觉恢复知觉pull up 车等停下来车等停下来pull over 使（车，船等）闪到一边使（车，船等）闪到一边妩媚人生 常见短语词汇之bringbring about发生发生 使发生使发生bring around使苏醒，使复原使苏醒，使复原bring off使实现使实现;表现表现 bring out使表现出版使表现出版bring o
31、ver使转变（思想）改变立场使转变（思想）改变立场bring down降低；达到降低；达到bring forth生产；引起生产；引起bring forward 提议提议bring up 抚养，养育抚养，养育=rear语法总结虚拟语气表达愿望表达愿望“但愿但愿”“”“要是要是多好多好”反事实假说（不可实现的条件）反事实假说（不可实现的条件）省略省略ifif的条件的条件其他其他强制性虚拟语气：表示强制性虚拟语气：表示“建议、命令、打算、劝建议、命令、打算、劝告告”等的动词及它们的名词、形容词等形式等的动词及它们的名词、形容词等形式Its+adj.+that+(should)+verbIts+adj
32、.+that+(should)+verb“早该做早该做”句型句型“宁愿宁愿”句型句型表达愿望“但愿”“要是多好”1.Peterwishesthathe_lawinsteadof1.Peterwishesthathe_lawinsteadofliteraturewhenhewasincollege.(2000literaturewhenhewasincollege.(2000年年5353题）题）A.couldstudyB.studiedA.couldstudyB.studiedC.hadstudiedD.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wouldstudy2.Ididntgoto
33、theparty,butIdowishI2.Ididntgototheparty,butIdowishI_there.(2001,53)_there.(2001,53)A.wereB.wouldbeA.wereB.wouldbeC.HadbeenD.willbeC.HadbeenD.willbe反事实假说（不可实现的条件）IfIwereyou,Iwoulddoitimmediately.IfIhadchosenAinsteadofB,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam.Ifitshouldbesunnytomorrow,Icouldgoswimming.妩媚人生 省略if的条件1.
34、1._theadviceofhisfriends,hewouldnothave_theadviceofhisfriends,hewouldnothavesufferedsuchaheavylossinhisbusiness.sufferedsuchaheavylossinhisbusiness.(2004,4,32)(2004,4,32)2.2.AIfhetookb.IfheshouldtakeAIfhetookb.Ifheshouldtake3.3.c.Werehetotaked.Hadhetakenc.Werehetotaked.Hadhetaken2._,Ishouldaskthemso
35、mequestions.2._,Ishouldaskthemsomequestions.(1997,30)(1997,30)ShouldtheycometousShouldtheycometousIftheycometousIftheycometousWeretheycometousWeretheycometousHadtheycometousHadtheycometous其他1.1.Butformyclassmateshelp,I_theworkintime.(2004,436)a.didnotfinishb.couldnotfinishc.willnotfinishd.wouldnotha
36、vefinished2.Butfortherain,we_aniceholiday.(2003,4,28)a.a.shouldhaveb.wouldhavehadb.b.c.wouldhaved.wellenoughonlyif/ifonlyOnlyifheworkshard,hewillpasstheexam.Ifonlyhehadworkedhard,hewouldhavepassedtheexam.妩媚人生 强制性虚拟语气：表示表示“建议、命令、打算、劝告建议、命令、打算、劝告”等的动词及它们的名等的动词及它们的名词、形容词等形式词、形容词等形式ThedoctoradvisedthatM
37、r.Malan_anoperationrightThedoctoradvisedthatMr.Malan_anoperationrightawaysoastosavehislife.(1998,28)awaysoastosavehislife.(1998,28)a.hadb.wouldhavec.haved.wasgoingtohavea.hadb.wouldhavec.haved.wasgoingtohaveIts+adj.+that+(should)+verbIts+adj.+that+(should)+verbItsurgentthatameeting_beforethefinaldec
38、isionisItsurgentthatameeting_beforethefinaldecisionismade.(2003,45)made.(2003,45)a.a.willbearrangedb.mustbearrangedwillbearrangedb.mustbearrangedb.b.c.bearrangedc.wouldbearrangedc.bearrangedc.wouldbearranged“早该做”句型1.Itshightimewe_somethingtostoptrafficaccident.(1996,43)a.a.dob.willdoc.didd.mustdob.b
39、.2.Dontyouthinkitistimeyou_smoking?(1999,31)c.c.giveupb.gaveupd.d.c.wouldgiveupd.shouldgiveup“宁愿”句型Iamtoobusythesedays.Iwouldratherallofyou_nextmonthforadinner.(2002,46)eb.wouldcomec.c.camed.havecomed.d.试比较wouldratherthan.倒装妩媚人生 1.表达否定的词或词组放在句首never,scarcely,hardly,rarely,little,nowhere,nosooner.tha
40、n,notonly,innocase,innoway,onnoaccount,atnotime,undernocircumstance妩媚人生 1.Exampleso oNeverbeforehasanyoneappliedsuchNeverbeforehasanyoneappliedsuchprinciplestopractice.principlestopractice.o oHardlyhadhesaidanythingbeforeheleft.Hardlyhadhesaidanythingbeforeheleft.o oScarcelyhadshefallenasleepwhenakn
41、ockatScarcelyhadshefallenasleepwhenaknockatthedoorawakenedher.thedoorawakenedher.o oNosoonerhadAnnearrivedtherethanshefellNosoonerhadAnnearrivedtherethanshefellill.ill.o oRarelydidTomleavehislabthosedays.RarelydidTomleavehislabthosedays.o oLittledidIthinkayearagothatIcouldworkforLittledidIthinkayear
42、agothatIcouldworkforyourcompany.yourcompany.2.Only引导的状语放在句首o oOnlythendidthedoctorrealizethathispatientneededsurgery.o oOnlyafterclasswasheallowedtoraisethequestion.o oOnlyinthiswaycanyoumakeprogress.o oOnlyoncedidhisfathercallhisfullname.3.Here,there,then,thus等副词放在句首，并且谓语动词为come,go,exist,follow等不及物
43、动词时，这时一般为全部倒装。o oHerecomesthebus.o oTheregoesthebell.o oThereexiststwotypesofflyingmachines.o oThenfollowsthefashionshow.o oThusarosethedivisionbetweenthedevelopedanddevelopingcountries.4.句首为so,nor,neither 等副词，表明前句说明的情况也适用于本句。o oRichardcanspeakJapanese.Socanhissister.o oCopperisagoodconductor.Soarem
44、anyothermetals.o oHedidntsayanything,nor(neither)didhisassistant.o oThefirstonewasntgoodenoughandneitherwasthesecond.5.在虚拟语气中，非真实条件从句中的连词省略时。这种情况下，倒装到主语前的助动词是had,should 和动词 were.o oHadIleftalittleearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthetrain.o oShoulditraintomorrow,whatcouldwedo?o oWeretherenoair,therewouldbenosound.o oHadIleftalittleearlier,Iwouldhavecaughto oDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.