综合教程第四册Unit.ppt

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1、Unit 1The Icy DefenderThe Peninsular WarBR3-world-3-1A Brief Introduction to Adolf Hitler IIBR3-world-6Joseph StalinIIBR3-world-2IIBR4-MAP-1.2Napoleons Russian Campaign1)Find the following place names:Moscow,Borodino,and Neman River.2)What happened in Borodino?BR4-MAP-1.3Hitlers Russian Campaign1)Wh

2、en did the Hitlers Russian Campaign happen?2)How long was Leningrad being besieged?GR-textPartDivisionoftheTextPartspara.MainIdeas123123111220Introduction-Both Napoleons and Hitlers military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter.Napoleons military campaign against Russia.Hit

3、lers military campaign against the Soviet Union.globalreading421Conclusion-The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign.The weather is not so good as the favorable terrain,the favorable terrain is not so good as the support of the people.Man proposes and God disposes.The sup

4、reme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting.Pre-reading:quotationsPride comes before a fall.Necessity comes before invention/innovation.Sweat comes before fruit.Failure comes before success.Will comes before way.Para.1IntensiveStudy-para1Para.2IntensiveStudy-para.2Find one phrase in para

5、.2 meaning starting a warLaunch an attack againstWhat fate did Napoleon and Hitler share?Military failure/waterlooIntensiveStudy-para1-2What is the reason for Napoleons defeat?Unprepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscowraw Russian winterTranslate the following sentence:As the saying

6、goes:Know yourself and know your enemy,victory is assured.IntensiveStudy-para1-2He was prepared for the fierce resistance of He was prepared for But he was not prepared for He _ that they would encounter fierce resistanceIntensiveStudy-para1-2anticipatedQuestion:How is Hitlers army?Very powerfulInte

7、nsiveStudy-para2How do you know that?Find the words to prove it.UnequalledUnrivalled,incomparablemow downMow the lawnIntensiveStudy-para2Mow down:defeat,destroy His troops had _ any attempt/effort to check the advance of themMarched into the territory with overwhelming force crashed/destroyedWhat is

8、 the reason for Hitlers defeat?The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.Both Napoleon and Hitler encountered their waterloo in Russia IntensiveStudy-para1-2The rise in interest rate will be disastrous in the case of small firms.Inthecaseofas far asis concerned In the case of a

9、 highly intelligent animal like the seal,elementary training is easy.Nowyoutry:就海豹那样智商较高的动物而言就海豹那样智商较高的动物而言,初级培训初级培训是很简单的。是很简单的。2.This cutting board is only used to cut raw meat.3.Industrial plants processed the raw material into finished products for export and for domestic consumption.Raw cold and

10、 wet;not cooked,refined,processed,organized or analyzed(L5)How would you like the steak?Raw?Blue-rare?Rare?(52)Medium-rare?(55)Medium?(60)Medium-well?(65)Well Done?(71)1.The events took place on a raw February morning.1.Beginning in the early 1960s,humans launched probes to explore other planets.2.L

11、aunch a campaign/movement3.launch a ship/an artificial satellite/launch ones son into the world/a new enterprise/a new brand(Procter&Gamble)Launch:start;send on its course(L7)Nowyoutranslate:Article1_w_popwin_launched-2He launched into a long speech about the danger of gambling.他开始作关于赌博危险性的长篇演说。他开始作

12、关于赌博危险性的长篇演说。She wants to be more than a singer and is launching out into films.她不仅仅是想当一名歌手，而且正在积极涉足电影界。她不仅仅是想当一名歌手，而且正在积极涉足电影界。launch an attack发动进攻发动进攻launch a massive campaign 发动一场大规模的运动发动一场大规模的运动launch a company开一家公司开一家公司launch threats at sb.向某人发出威胁向某人发出威胁launch into（积极有力地）开始（积极有力地）开始launch out（精

13、力充沛或戏剧性地）开始（精力充沛或戏剧性地）开始Para.3IntensiveStudyHow did Napoleon feel about the campaign?Confident of a quick victory.Why did he think so?His soldiers were well trained,efficient,and well equipped.IntensiveStudy-para3Predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeksanticipated,expectedPredict:pre dict (pre

14、war,preschool,preview preface)dict:dictation dictator foretell forecastIntensiveStudy-para3Para.4How did the campaign turned out?The quick,decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened.(para.4)Make a sentence with the above structureIntensiveStudy-para4The Grand Army followed,but its advanc

15、e march soon became bogged down by slow-moving supply lines.Translate大军大军_，但它的，但它的_很很快由于快由于_而停顿下来。而停顿下来。紧追不舍紧追不舍长驱直入长驱直入粮草运输缓慢粮草运输缓慢IntensiveStudy-para4Para.5He was now faced with a crucial decisionHe was confronted with an important decisionIntensiveStudy-para5On graduation,every undergraduate will

16、 be faced with a crucial decision:whether to find a job or to pursue further studies.I was faced with a crucial decision:should I be a small fish in a big pond?Or a big fish in a small pond?Para.6What decision did Napoleon make?Napoleon took the gamble of pressing onIntensiveStudy-para6took the risk

17、s of pursuing the enemy in spite of difficultiesNapoleon had a clear path to MoscowNapoleon entered Moscow without any _IntensiveStudy-para7barrier/resistanceA raging fire;a raging stormPara.9IntensiveStudyWhy did the French retreat turn into a nightmare?1.attack by the Russians:Life and death strug

18、gleIntensiveStudy-para92.freezing temperature3.snowIntensiveStudy-para9drag:heavy stepse.g.drag ones steps back homeCf.go on,press on Para.10IntensiveStudyIntensiveStudy-para10Swollen river:Para.11IntensiveStudyPart Two(Paras 311)Summary:Napoleon failed in his attempt to conquer Russia,partly due to

19、/because of _ _,together with the Russians _ accounted for Napoleons defeat.the raw,bitter,bleak winter of RussiaTerrible weather conditionsdetermination to defend the homeland/tactics1.The year 1939 had witnessed the conquest of Poland by Germany.2.The pianist made a conquest of every audience for

20、which she played.conquest:theactionoftakingcontrolofbyforce (L16)They won a _ in battle.They succeeded in the _ of that city.They returned home in _victoryconquesttriumphvictoryconquesttriumphvictory指指“在战争、竞赛、斗争中获胜在战争、竞赛、斗争中获胜”,并有并有“击击败对方或敌人败对方或敌人”的含义的含义;conquest指指“征服某国或某民族征服某国或某民族,从而使之处于被支从而使之处于被支配

21、地位的胜利或战胜配地位的胜利或战胜”;triumph指指“辉煌或彻底的胜利或成功辉煌或彻底的胜利或成功”.1.After a fierce battle,the troops retreated 2.southward.2.We adopted the following strategies:when the enemy advances,we retreat;when they retreat,we pursue.retreatmove back or withdraw when faced with danger or difficulty(L20)Ant.advance The loc

22、al government got bogged down in problems of how to handle the emission of hazardous chemicals by industrial facilities.be/getboggeddown be unable to make progress(L22)Nowyoutry:1.Amazingly,our soccer team won the victory in the crucial final game.2.Improved consumer confidence is crucial to economi

23、c recovery.Syn.vital,essential,critical,decisivecrucial very important(followed by to)(L27)Nowyoutry:1.Our school authorities are keen to press on with educational reform.2.Organizers of the strike are determined to press on.Cf.drag onpresson/ahead continue doing sth.in a determined way (L30)Nowyout

24、ry:1.His political rivals are biding their time for an attack on his policies.2.Our neighbor seems to be doing nothing,but in fact hes just biding his time.bideonestime wait patiently for a chance(L39)Nowyoutry:These compensation cases have already dragged on for one year.How much longer is the meet

25、ing going to drag on?The time dragged as we waiteddragon move slowly and with effort;continue endlessly and tediously (L50).1.It was a stroke of luck that the air attendant missed the plane.byastrokeofluckluckily 1.Berman saved Johnson at the cost of his own life.2.The local government developed its

26、 economy but at the cost of the environment.3.He worked hard at the cost of his health.atthecostof with the loss of (L55)Para.12IntensiveStudyHow did Hitler start the war?Began an invasion without a declaration of warHow did Hitler expect the war?Confident of a quick victoryWhat was Hitlers tactics?

27、Blitzkrieg,lightning warWhat were the three targets of Hitler?Leningrad,Moscow and UkraineIntensiveStudy-para12Para.13IntensiveStudyDid Hitlers“lightning war”tactics work?Yes,the Russians were caught off guard.be taken by surpriseWhat was the Russian tactics in response?“Scorch the earth”How to scor

28、ch the earthBurned,destroyed,rendered uselessIntensiveStudy-para13scorch the earthBurned,destroyed,rendered uselessIntensiveStudy-para13IntensiveStudy-para13The bodyguard was caught off guard when a crazy female fan pushed her way amid the crowd of reporters toward Beckham asking for a signature fro

29、m him.caught off guard:taken completely by surprise小贝意外遭遇疯狂女球迷 保镖有些措手不及Para.14IntensiveStudyWhat is the situation in Leningrad?desperate1.Food shortage2.starvation of one million peopleIntensiveStudy-para14BR3-world-5.1StalingradIISt.Petersburg(Stalingrad)Para.15IntensiveStudyPara.16IntensiveStudyWh

30、at was the situation in Moscow?1.The German army was _ by _.2.Then its movement was _IntensiveStudy-para15slowed downgeneral mudbrought to a haltPara.17IntensiveStudyPara.18IntensiveStudyWhat was the situation in Stalingrad?The German victory was over in _ partly owing to _.IntensiveStudy-para15Stal

31、ingradthe Russian winterPara.19IntensiveStudyPara.20IntensiveStudyPara.21IntensiveStudyGR-Part1-Q3The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign.IntensiveStudy-para21What conclusion does the author draw from Napoleons and Hitlers military campaigns?1.On Hitlers orders,the inva

32、sion of Poland began on September 1,1939.invade sb.s rightsa body invaded by diseasea mind invaded by worry and anxietyThe town was invaded by a crowd of tourists.invasion an entering or being entered by an attacking military force(L63).Nowyoutry:.1.The invitation to his wedding caught me off guard.

33、2.The manager didnt know what to say.It was clear that my question had caught him off guard.catchsb.offguard take sb.by surprise(L71)Nowyoutry:The drug will render the tiger harmless for up to two hours.The news rendered her speechless.He was rendered unconscious by a blow on the back of the neck.re

34、nder cause(sb.sth)to be in a specified condition (L73)Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake.Nowyoutry:地震导致成百上千的人无家可归。地震导致成百上千的人无家可归。The Red Army brought its winter offensive to a successful conclusion.an offensive odor(a nasty smell)/gesture/weapon.an offensive remark(disgustin

35、g language)offensive:aggressive action,attack(L91/92).Nowyoutry:.1.Do you still reckon him among your friends?2.Many people reckon him to be a great basketball player.3.reckon sth.in(count sth.in)4.reckon on sb.s help(rely on)reckon count;consider;think(L114)All these problems had to be reckoned wit

36、h as they arose.be reckoned with:be taken into consideration1.The death toll rose from 270 in 1952 to 5,000 in1954.2.Each car must pay a toll to cross the bridge.toll(1)the number of people or animals killed or injured in particular circumstances (L116)2)money paid for the use of a bridge,road,etc.T

37、heStructureoftheText Topic Explanation -Reasons Evidence Examples Experiment StoriesComments1.骄骄兵必兵必败败pride comes before a fall2.战战无不无不胜胜nothing could stand in their way3.奋勇抵抗奋勇抵抗fierce resistance4.堪称无堪称无敌敌be unequaled5.痛苦的教训痛苦的教训 a painful lesson6.速决速速决速胜胜a quick,decisive victoryAfterreading-expres

38、sions7.面面临临着一个重要抉着一个重要抉择择be faced witha crucial decision8.孤注一掷孤注一掷take the gamble9.激激战战fierce battle10.等待时机等待时机bide ones time12.成成为为一一场场噩梦噩梦turn into a nightmare11.向向提出停提出停战战offer a truce toAfterreading-expressions13.拖着脚步行进拖着脚步行进drag on14.溃溃不成不成军军的幸存者的幸存者 the tattered survivors15.不宣而战不宣而战without a d

39、eclaration of war16.闪电闪电式式战战略略 lightning war17.“焦土焦土”政策政策“scorch the earth”policy 18.处境变得危急处境变得危急the situation becomes desperate19.食品食品匮匮乏乏food runs outAfterreading-expressionsAfter-1.useful-420.越来越接近越来越接近draw closer and closer to21.发动发动反攻反攻launch a counterattack22.形形势对势对不利不利turn the tide against23.

40、对对的突袭的突袭a surprise attack onAfterreading-expressionsAfter-3.blank BlankFilling Fill in each blank in the following paragraph with the appropriate words and phrases from the text.When Hitler decided to launch his of Russia,he thought that nothing could of his armies.,it seemed,was inevitable.He had s

41、urprise on his side,Stalin by his attack without a of war.Hitler expected the to last only a few months.In the event,it was to for much longer.Like Napoleon before him,he had made a fatal mistake in failing to the severity of the Russian weather.Many German soldiers were to the cold as winter set in

42、,_ the German advance _ invasion_stand in the way_Conquestcatching off his guardlaunching_declaration_campaign_drag on_reckon withdie from_ bringing_to a haltPart 2:Compare and ContrastSoil:the top layer of the earth in which plants grow;on British soilFrench soil:in Britain,in France sbs native soi

43、l=sbs own countryEarth:the world that we live in,substance that plants grow in,the hard surface of the world,as opposed to sea whatwhyhow on earth:used when you are asking a question about sth that you are very surprised or annoyed aboutPart 2:Compare and Contrast2.Campaign:a series of actions inten

44、ded to achieve particular result,especially in politics or business;a series of battles,attacks intended to achieve particular result in a war.Battle:a fight between opposing armies,groups of ships etc,especially one that is part of a larger war;a situation in which opposing groups or people compete

45、 or argue with each other when trying to achieve success or controlPart 2:Compare and Contrast3.Decisive:an action,event etc that has a powerful effect on the final result of something;leading to a clear result and ending doubt;to be one of the most important causes of sth;definite and not able to b

46、e doubted.Crucial:something that is crucial is extremely important because everything else depends on itPart 2:Compare and Contrast4.Stick:=push,if a pointed object sticks into sth or you stick it into sth it is pushed into it;=fix,to fix sth to sth-else with a sticky substance,or to become fixed to

47、 a surface =difficult to move,if sth sticks it becomes fixed in one position so that is is difficult to move Bog:to become too involved in thinking about or dealing with one particular thing;to become stuck in muddy ground and be unable to move Part 2:Compare and Contrast5.Assault:the crime of attac

48、king someone;a military attack to take control of a place controlled by the enemy;an attempt to achieve sth difficult,especially using physical force.Attack:an act of deliberately using violence against someone;the act of using weapons against an enemy in a war;a statement that criticizes someone st

49、rongly.Part 2:Compare and Contrast6.Flee:to leave somewhere very quickly in order to escape from danger;e.g.We were forced to flee the country.Retreat:to walk back and away from someone or sth because you are afraid or embarrassed;to move away from the enemy after being defeated in battle;to go away

50、 to a place that is quiet or safe;to change your mind about a promise you have made because the situation has become too difficult.FurtherDiscussionExercisestoPassageASummaryoftheTextAfter-readingActivities1.c attract,give pleasure to 2.h agreement in feeling or opinion3.c eat or drink;use up4.i unb