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1、宾宾 语语 从从 句句 The Object Clause1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾语语从从句句连接词连接词从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）一、概念一、概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。二、句子二、句子结构：结构：主句主句 +连接词连接词+宾语从句宾语从句三、宾语从句三要素：三、宾语从句三要素：连连接接词词时时态态语语序序(一一)、连接词、连接词（引导（引导词）词）1.that宾语从句原句宾语从句原句-陈述句（肯陈述句（肯/否）否）作作
2、用用：that只只起起到到连连接接作作用用，在在从从句句中中不不作作任任何何成成分分，也也没没有有任任何何具具体体意意思，常思，常省略省略Ihear(that）Englishisnoteasy.在在主主句句为为动动词词be加加某某些些形形容容词词（如如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等等）作作表表语语时时，后后面面所所跟跟的的省省略略that的的从从句句也也可可算算是是宾宾语从句语从句vImsorry(that)Idontknow.vWeresure(that)ourteamwillwin.vIm afraid(that)he wont pass the exam.2.if/whe
3、ther“是否是否”宾语从句原句宾语从句原句-一般疑问句一般疑问句常常用用在在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后等后作作用用：连连接接作作用用，有有一一定定的的意意义义，不不能省略能省略Couldyoutellmeif(whether)MissBrownlivesinthathouse?3.特殊疑问词特殊疑问词(连接代词连接代词/连接副词连接副词)宾语从句原句宾语从句原句-特殊疑问句特殊疑问句连连接接代代词词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或或连连接接副副词词（when,where,how,why）作用：作用：连接作用，连接作用，在从句中担任
4、一定的在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略略vDoyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?vIdontrememberwhenwearrived.vIaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.vPleasetellmewho(whom)wehavetosee.vDo you know what time the planeleaves?带带how的词组的词组也都可以引导宾语从句也都可以引导宾语从句vCouldyoutellushowoftenyougoabroadforaholiday?vCouldyoutel
5、lushowlongthemeetingwilllast?vIdontknowhowfaritistothecinema.vPleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool?vCanyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris?vPleasetellushowsoonyouwillbeready.vCouldyoutellushowmuchitcoststoflytoHainan?（二）、（二）、语序语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述陈述语序语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分1.Whenwillhegototh
6、elibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idontknowwhathewantstobuy.Idontknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?Canyoutellmewhowearegoingtomeet？Canyoutellmewhoarewegoingtomeet？4.DoesheknowFrench?Wewanttoknowif/whetherheknowsFr
7、ench.Wewanttoknowif/whetherdoesheknowFrench.1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?2.Mr.Smith have been in China for about threeyears.JimtoldLinTao.Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?JimtoldLinTao(that)MrSmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleas
8、etellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.OurteachertoldusinyesterdaysclassPleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterdaysclass.（三）、（三）、时态时态1.1.如如果果主主句句是是现现在在的的时时态态 （包包括括一一般般现现在在时时 现在现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况为据实际情况为任何时态任何时态vIknowheliv
9、eshere.vIknowhelivedheretenyearsago.vI have heard that he will come tomorrow.2.如如果果主主句句是是过过去去的的时时态态（包包括括一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时），那那么么从从句句的的时时态态一一定定要要用用相相对对应应的的过过去去的的某某种种时时态态（包包括括一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时，过去将来时，过去将来时，过去完成时）过去完成时）vIknewwholivedhere.vIsawshewastalkingwithhermother.vHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwou
10、ldcomebacktomorrow.vHesaidthathehadseenit.1从句说明的是客观真理、一般事实、自然从句说明的是客观真理、一般事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。现象、名言时，仍用现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Theteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.注意事项2could/would是是委委婉婉语语气气，而而不不是是过过去去式式，因因此此宾宾语语从从句句的的时时态态根根据据实实际际情况用不同时态。情况用
11、不同时态。注意事项vCould you please tell me where we show our tickets?vCouldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?vWouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?四、宾语从句注意事项四、宾语从句注意事项(一一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：作主语时，语序不变：Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappening?eg:Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoiso
12、verthere?(二二)只能用只能用whether不能用不能用if的情况的情况1.在介词后面：在介词后面：Imthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Wedidntthinkaboutwhetheritwouldrainthenextday.2.在动词不定式前：在动词不定式前：Theyaskedmewhethertositatthefront.3.当与当与ornot连用，或连用，或提出两种选择提出两种选择 时时:Idontknowwhetherhesfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellme
13、whetheryoudliketogoshoppingor tidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时：宾语从句提前时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Icantsay.5.在动词在动词discuss后的宾语从句中后的宾语从句中:Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.6.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用用whether：Whetherheisrightorwrongisaquestion.Thequestionwaswhetherhewenttherelastnight.(三三)用用if不用不用whether的情况的情况:1.引导否定概念的宾语从句时：引导否定概念的宾语从句时：HeaskedmeifIhadntfinishmyhomework.2.引导条件状语从句，引导条件状语从句，if意为意为“如果如果”时时:Wellgohikingifitdoesntraintomorrow.