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1、 Say Yes Tobias WolffR einforcementT ext AnalysisB ackgroundW arming upUnit 2Say Yes Questions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewObjectivesWarming upUnit 2Say Yes Questions/ActivitiesFormgroupsoffour,discussthefollowingtwoquestions,andkeeparecordofyouropinionstoseewhethertheywillchangeasthetextisanalyzedinde
2、tail.1.Isthemanagoodhusband?Citetextualevidencetosupportyourview.2.Isthemanaracist?Citetextualevidencetosupportyourview.WarmingupCheck-on PreviewWarminguppitchinonpinchresorttomopspraysnapthroughdemonstratebluroutcomeupwiththistrickthehouseworkthesilverwarethefloorherbrowsherindifferencethepagesther
3、ightanswerthestarsMatch the verbs with the nouns.Mark the following statements T,for true and F for false.1.Thestoryissetinthe1960sintheUSwhenracialissueswerehotoneverybodysmindandlips.2.Thestoryhappenedbetweentwomiddle-agedpeoplewhohadbeenmarriedforabout30years.3.Themanhadneverthoughtthathewasaraci
4、standfeltgreatlywrongedbyhiswifewhoimpliedthis.4.Themanwasconsiderate,rationalandforgivingwhilehiswifewasselfish,emotionalandridiculous.5.Thehusbandhadknownallalongwhathiswifewantedfromhim,butsimplydidntwanttogiveintoher.6.Afterthehusbandturnedoffthelight,someonebrokeintotheirhouseandmadesomestrange
5、noise.FTTFTFCheck-on PreviewWarmingupObjectivesKnowsomethingabouttheauthorandhisworks.GathersomebackgroundinformationaboutracismandsexismintheUS.Learntoappreciatetheshortstory.Masterthelanguageitemslisted.Understandthestoryandappreciateitssubtletyasmuchaspossible.Thinkaboutthethemesofthestoryandform
6、yourownopinions.WarmingupBackgroundCulture TipsAuthorGenreTimeUnit 2Say Yes BackgroundHis LifeTobias Wolff(1945-)BorninAlabamaUSAin1945.Parentsdivorcedwhenhewasaboy;traveledwidelywithhismother;soonforcedtoendurelifeunderhisstrictandcruelstepfather.From1964to1968,lieutenantwiththeU.S.ArmySpecialForce
7、s(GreenBerets)inVietnam.B.A.(1972)andM.A.(1975)fromOxfordUniversitywithFirstClassHonorsinEnglish,asecondM.A.fromStanford.Areveredwriter&teacherofcreativewritingandliteratureinStanfordandelsewhere.BackgroundHis WorksShortstories(OHenryAward):“IntheGardenoftheNorthAmericanMartyrs”(1981)“NextDoor”(1982
8、)“Sister”(1985)Our Story Begins(shortstorycollectionin2003,TheStoryPrizein2004)Memoirs:This Boys Life:A Memoir(1989)In Pharaohs Army:Memories of the Lost War(1994)Novels:The Barracks Thief(1984,PEN/FauknerAwardforFiction)Old School(2003)This Boys LifeFilm Poster BackgroundHis StyleAdirectwritingstyl
9、e,obeyingthe“show,donttell”maxim,leavingmuchtothereadersintuitionNon-dramatic,focusingmoreonthepsychologicaldimensionsofacharacterindilemmasthanonplotdevelopmentOftenunderstated,forcingreaderstobecomeengagedinthecollectionofstrandsthatwillresultinthefullcomprehensionofastory.Exploringalienation,then
10、atureoflying,andtheessentialfoundationsofrelationshipsHopingtoinstructandinspirepeopletotriumphovertheirsituationsthroughcharacterchangeanddevelopmentBackgroundTimeThe1980swasadecadeledbyRepublicanpolicy.RonaldReagantookofficeaspresidentoftheUnitedStatesin1980,servedtwoterms,andthenwassucceededbyhis
11、vicepresident,GeorgeBush.Reaganheldconservativepoliticalbeliefs,bothonthedomesticfrontandwhenitcametoforeignpolicy.Althoughhiseconomicprogramsbroughtthenationalinflationratedown,theyalsoseemedtofavorthewealthy.Bythe1980s,astheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionbuiltupastockpileofnuclearweapons,thecoldwarh
12、adbeenongoingforalmostfortyyears.Reagan,anardentopponentofcommunism,encouragedhisadministrationtogreatlyincreasemilitaryspending.The Republican YearsBackgroundCulture TipsDefinition:Racismisprejudiceordiscriminationbasedonthebeliefthatraceistheprimaryfactordetermininghumantraitsandabilities.Racismin
13、cludesthebeliefthatgeneticorinheriteddifferencesproducetheinherentsuperiorityorinferiorityofoneraceoveranother.Institutionalracism:e.g.theJimCrowlawsintheUSfrom1876to1965mandatingsegregationinallpublicfacilitiesinthesouthernstatesoftheformerConfederacywithasupposedly“separatebutequal”statusforthebla
14、ckAmericans;officiallyoverruledwiththeCivilRightsActof1964andtheVotingRightsActof1965.Overtandsubtleracism:TheCivilRightsMovementdidawaymuchovertracism,butracismpersistsinmanysubtleforms,inmanyaspectsandonmanylevels.Racism BackgroundCulture TipsRace&MarriageDespitethepublicoppositiontointerracialmar
15、riage,in1948,theCaliforniaSupremeCourtbecamethefirststatehighcourttodeclareabanoninterracialmarriageunconstitutional.Thedecisionwascontroversial,courageousandcorrect.Atthattime,38statesstillforbadeinterracialmarriage,andsixdidsobystateconstitutionalprovision.Then,in1967,theU.S.SupremeCourtstruckdown
16、theremaininginterracialmarriagelawsnation-wide.BackgroundCulture TipsSexism Aswithracism,overtsexismisnotverymuchondisplaynowinmuchoftheworld.Butsubtlesexismpersistsandcanbefoundeverywhereatalltime.Itisaclusterofsocialexpectationsandpracticesthatreinforcesex-basedinequality.Forexample:Atschool:moreb
17、oysinscienceclassesandmoregirlsinartsclasses(boysarelogicalwhilegirlsareimaginative)Atwork:amalebossandafemalesecretary,andrarelytheotherwayaround(wehave“careerwomen”and“familymen”butno“careermen”and“familywomen”)Athome:houseworkregardedasthewifesresponsibilitywhethershehasafull-timejobornot(thehusb
18、andreputedasaconsiderateonebecausehe“pitchedinonthehousework”)BackgroundGenreA Short StorySetting:kitchen,cleaningupafterdinner,USA,1980sCharacters:husband&wife,white,middle-aged,middle-classConflict:differentviewsoninterracialmarriagesPlot:casualtalk,argument,fight,hurtfeelings,failedattemptatrecon
19、ciliationNarrativepointofview:3rdperson,thehusbandCharacterization:showinginsteadoftellingDetailedAnalysisStructureTheme Text AnalysisUnit 2Say Yes TextAnalysisThemeThethemeofthisstoryiseverybodysguess.Sowhatisyours?Attitudestowardsinterracialmarriages(racism)?Man-womanrelationships(feminism)?Theunr
20、easonablenatureofwomen?Thearroganceofmen?Theimpossibilityofeffectivecommunication?/Alienationinmodernsociety?TextAnalysisStructureThe argument:The wound:The question:The anger:The stranger:TextAnalysisStructureThe argument:The husband disapproved interracial marriages on the ground of cultural diffe
21、rences while the wife approved on the ground of love.The wound:The wife was hurt;the husband helped her quickly and hoped she would reward him by letting go of the topic.The question:The wife persistently asked whether her husband would marry her if she were black and got a straight no in the end.Th
22、e anger:The husband felt deeply hurt by his wifes indifference to him but then decided to forgive her out of love.The stranger:When the husband tried to make up with his wife,he found her a stranger despite three decades of marriage.Para.1-18Para 19-24Para 25-44Para 45-48Para 49-57 TextAnalysisDetai
23、led AnalysisPartI:MainIdea1.Whatisthesettingofthestory?(thefictionaltime,thehistoricaltime,theplace)2.Whoarethemaincharacters?Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?3.Whatistheconflictofthestory?4.Howdidthewifefeelwhenherhusbandsaiditwasabadideaforwhitepeopletomarryblackpeople?5.Howdidthehusbandshowthathewasnotarac
24、ist?6.Whyshouldntwhitepeoplemarryblackpeople,accordingtothehusband?Isthisreasonjustifiable?7.Howdidthewiferetortherhusband?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:SentenceParaphraseAfewmonthsearlierhedoverheardafriendofhiswifescongratulatingheronhavingsuchaconsideratehusband.(para.1)Questions:1.Howdidthe
25、manearnthereputationofaconsideratehusband?Whatdoyouthinkofthisreputation?2.Whatdidthehusbandfeelabouthisreputation?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:SentenceParaphraseSometimeshiswifegotthislookwhereshepinchedherbrowstogetherandbitherlowerlip.Whenhesawherlikethisheknewheshouldkeephismouthshut,buthe
26、neverdid.Actuallyitmadehimtalkmore.(para.4)Question:Whatdoesthisshowaboutthehusband?relative adverb introducing a relative clause to modify“look”Compare:1.Hewaswonderingaboutthestrangelook_hesawonthefaceofhiswife.2.Whenheisdispleasedhehasthislook_hiseyesarenarrowedandbrowscloselyknitted.3.Isawamovie
27、lastnight_wasrealjunk.4.Isawamovielastnight_therewasalotofviolence.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:SentenceParaphraseSometimeshiswifegotthislookwhereshepinchedherbrowstogetherandbitherlowerlip.Whenhesawherlikethisheknewheshouldkeephismouthshut,butheneverdid.Actuallyitmadehimtalkmore.(para.4)Quest
28、ion:Whatdoesthisshowaboutthehusband?relative adverb introducing a relative clause to modify“look”Compare:1.Hewaswonderingaboutthestrangelookthathesawonthefaceofhiswife.(relativepronoun)2.Whenheisdispleasedhehasthislookwherehiseyesarenarrowedandbrowscloselyknitted.(relativeadverb)3.Isawamovielastnigh
29、twhichwasrealjunk.4.Isawamovielastnightwheretherewasalotofviolence.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:SentenceParaphrase“Butthatsdifferent.Apersonfromtheircultureandapersonfromourculturecouldneverreallyknoweachother.”“Likeyouknowme?”hiswifeasked.“Yes.LikeIknowyou.”“Howcanyouunderstandsomeonewhocomes
30、fromacompletelydifferentbackground?”“Different,”saidhiswife.“Notthesame,likeus.”“Yes,different,”hesnapped,angrywithherforresortingtothistrickofrepeatinghiswordssothattheysoundedhypocritical.(para.10-18)Questions:1.Whydidthewifeconstantlybringthemselvesinforcomparison?2.Dotheyreallyknoweachother?Text
31、AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesGrammarWordsoverhear;somehow;snapPhrasesdo/drythedishes;pitchin(on/withsth.);congratulatesb.onsth.;allthingsconsidered;takemywordforit;breakup;resorttoSentencePatternidontneedyoucomingalongandimplyingGrammarthislookwhereshepinchedherbrowsTe
32、xtAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:ExerciseTranslate the following sentences,and pay special attention to the underlined parts.1.Mybrotherpitchedinwithanoffertoloanussomemoney.我弟弟主动借钱给我。2.Herhusbandreallypitchedinonhousework.她丈夫真的帮她做家务。3.Theentirecompanypitchedintohelp.公司所有人都来帮忙了。4.Channel4arrivedands
33、omehowcreatedadifferentrolefortelevision.第四频道开播了，从某种意义上改变了电视的作用。5.Hesbeenveryquietandwithdrawn,sortofdifferent,somehow.他最近非常安静内向，好像有点不一样了。TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:Exercises6.Contemporarycareerwomenoftenfindthemselvesinasituationwheretheyhavetosacrificetheircareerfortheirfamily.当代职业女性常会面临不得
34、不为了家庭牺牲自己事业的情况。7.Takemywordforit,timewillhealallwoundsandcureallpains.相信我，时间会治疗一切伤痛。8.Dontsnapatme!Itsnotmyfaultthatyoulostyourwallet!别冲我嚷嚷！你丢了钱包又不是我的错！9.Shesnappedthesuitcaseshutandleftangrily.她啪的一声关上手提箱，怒气冲冲地走掉了。10.Peopleoftenresorttobodylanguagewhenwordsfail.词不达意时人们常借助于肢体语言。TextAnalysisDetailed A
35、nalysisPartII:MainIdea1.Whatdidthehusbanddowhenthewifesfingergothurt?Whatdoesthisshow?2.Whatdidthehusbandexpectfromhiswife?Whatdoesthisshow?3.Isthecutsymbolicofsomething?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartII:SentenceParaphraseHehopedthatsheappreciatedhowquicklyhehadcometoheraid.Hedactedoutofconcernfor
36、her,hethoughtthatitwouldbeanicegestureonherpartnottostartupthatconversationagain,ashewastiredofit.(para.21)done by hercome to help herbecause he cared about herQuestion:Whatdoesthisshowaboutthehusband?Paraphrasing:Hehopedthathiswifewasgratefulthathehadhelpedhersoquickly.Hediditbecausehereallycaredab
37、outherandhethoughtthatsheshouldshowherconcernforhiminreturnbynotcontinuingtheconversationbecausehedidnotwantto.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartII:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammarWordsplunge;rummage;dabPhrasesoutofconcernfor;onherpartSentencePatternGrammarTextAnalysisDetailed Ana
38、lysisPartII:ExerciseTranslate the following sentences into English,using words in the brackets.1.他把脸扎进一盆冷水里，想借此清醒清醒头脑。(plunge)Heplungedhisfaceintoabowlofcoldwatertoclearuphismind.2.现在看来什么也不能阻止这个国家陷入一片混乱。(plunge)Itseemsthatnothingcansavethecountryfromitsplungeintochaos.3.有些婚姻因性格不合而破裂，有的因原则问题而破裂。(brea
39、k)Somemarriagesbreakupbecauseofpersonalityclashesandsomebecauseofprincipleproblems.4.我们会尽可能地提供帮助，但也需要你们做出努力。(part)Welldoallwecantohelpbuteffortsonyourpartarealsorequired.5.为了关心在寒冷的冬夜里无家可归的人们，政府设立了这些临时收容所。(concern)Thegovernmentsetupthesetemporarysheltersoutofconcernforthehomelessonthecoldwinternights
40、.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:MainIdea1.Howdidthewifepursuetheargumentafterthehusbanddressedherwound?Whydidshedoso?2.“TheonlyblackgirlIeverknewwasmypartnerinthedebatingclub.”(para.28)Isthisremarkcontrarytowhathesaidinthefirstpart?3.Whatdidthehusbandmeanwhenhesaid“ifyouwereblackyouwouldntbeyo
41、u?”Doyouagree?4.Whydidthehusbandfeelcornered?5.Didthehusbandknowwhatwasexpectedofhim?6.Whydidthehusbandrefusetosay“yes”?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:SentenceParaphraseTherewasnopossiblewayofarguingwiththefactthatshewouldnotbeherselfifshewereblack.(para.32)introducing an appositive clause whi
42、ch explains what the fact isQuestion:Whatdidthehusbandmean?Compare:1.Doyouaccepttheviewthatpeoplefromdifferentculturesshouldnotmarry?2.Doyouaccepttheviewthatissopopularamongthestudents?1.Appositiveclause2.RelativeclauseTextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentence Patter
43、nGrammarWordsspray;unattached;cornerPhrasesputitthatwaySentencePatternthefact+that+appositiveclauseGrammarsubjunctivemoodTextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:ExerciseCompare the structure of the sentences and translate them into Chinese.1.Howdoyouexplainthefactthatmymissingpurseisunderyourpillow?(ap
44、positiveclause)2.Howdoyouexplainthefactthatwehavejustdiscovered?(relativeclause)3.Whatdoyouthinkoftheideathatweputasidesomemoneyeachmonthforatripinsummerholiday?4.Whatdoyouthinkoftheideathatwediscussedjustnow?5.Icantacceptthereasonthatyousimplydidntgetmymessage.6.Icantacceptthereasonthatisclearlymad
45、eupinahurry.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:ExerciseLearn the subjunctive mood in the following sentences.1.Shewouldnotbeherselfifshewereblack.2.YouwouldnthavemarriedmeifIdbeenblack.3.Youwouldprobablyhavebeengoingoutwithablackguyifyouhadbeenblack.Respond to the following questions.1.Whatwouldyo
46、udoifyouweregivenalargesumofmoney?2.Theoldwomanfoundawalletonthepavementandwaitedforhoursinthecoldwindforitsowner.Whatwouldyouhavedoneifyouhadbeeninthatsituation?3.Theschoolwasfundedtopulldowntheoldclassroomsandbuildnewones.Whatwouldhavebeenthestudentsdoingiftheyhadntbeengiventhemoney?TextAnalysisDe
47、tailed AnalysisPartIV:MainIdea1.Whatdidthewifedoafterherhusbandanswered“No”?2.Howdidshefeel?3.Howdidthehusbandreact?Why?4.Howdidthehusbandsfeelingschange?5.Whatbroughtaboutthechange?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIV:SentenceParaphraseHeknewthatshewastooangrytobeactuallyreadingit,butshedidntsnapthr
48、oughthepagesthewayhewouldhavedone.Sheturnedthemslowly,asifshewerestudyingeveryword.Shewasdemonstratingherindifferencetohim,andithadtheeffectheknewshewantedittohave.Ithurthim.Hehadnochoicebuttodemonstratehisindifferencetoher.(para.45-46)Questions:1.Fromwhosepointofviewisthesituationdescribed?2.Arethe
49、husbandsguessesabouthiswifesthoughtsandfeelingsreliable?3.Isittruethatthehusband“hadnochoice”?Whatwouldareallyconsideratehusbanddo?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIV:SentenceParaphraseHefeltashamedthathehadlethiswifegethimintoafight.(para.48)Questions:1.Whodidthehusbandblameforstartingthefight?2.Wh
50、ydidthehusbandfeel“ashamed”?3.Doyounoticethesexismofthehusband?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartV:MainIdea1.Howdidthehusbandtrytomakeupwithhiswife?2.Whydidthewifeaskherhusbandtoturnoffthelight?3.Whatdidthemanexpecttohappenwhenheturnedoffthelight?4.Whatdoyouthinkreallyhappened?Why?5.Whatdoestheending