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1、英语教学法教程英语教学法教程-Unit-8-Teaching-Unit-8-Teaching-vocabularyvocabularyPresenting New Words1)To provide a visual or physicaldemonstration2)Use synonyms or antonyms 3)Use hyponyms4)Use word formation rules&common affixes5)Provide context6)Translate and exemplify technical wordsConsolidating Vocabulary 1.
2、Labeling.2.Spotting the differences.3.Describing and drawing.4.Playing a game.6.Using word series.9.Word association.5.Using word categories.7.Synonyms and antonyms 8.Using word net-work.Developing Vocabulary Learning Strategies1.Review regularly.2.Guess meaning from the context3.Organize vocabulary
3、 effectively4.Use learned vocabularyPronunciationSpellingMeaningUsagedenotative and connotative meaningIf a word has a reference to an object,action,or event in the physical world,this can be described as its referential or denotative(外延的外延的)meaning.Connotative meaning(内涵意义内涵意义)（suggestions in addit
4、ion to the fundamental meaning)refers to the attitudes and emotions of a language users in choosing a word and the influence of these on the listener or readers interpretation of the word.从传统的词汇学角度来讲，词义包括概念意义和内涵意义。从传统的词汇学角度来讲，词义包括概念意义和内涵意义。所谓概念意义，也叫外延意义（所谓概念意义，也叫外延意义（denotative Meaning）或）或认知意义（认知意义（
5、cognitive Meaning），就是词汇的最基本意），就是词汇的最基本意义，是语言符号所代表的事物的基本特征的抽象概括，义，是语言符号所代表的事物的基本特征的抽象概括，常视为词语在字典中的定义或释义。常视为词语在字典中的定义或释义。Woman:+HUMAN,-MALE,+ADULT所谓内涵意义所谓内涵意义(connotative meaning)，是隐含于或附加在概，是隐含于或附加在概念意义上的意义。社会、群体或个人都可以使一个词具有内念意义上的意义。社会、群体或个人都可以使一个词具有内涵意义，有时还是很不相同的内涵意义。这种差异既可以存涵意义，有时还是很不相同的内涵意义。这种差异既可以
6、存在于两种语言、两种文化之间，也可以存在于一种语言和一在于两种语言、两种文化之间，也可以存在于一种语言和一种文化的亚文化之间。种文化的亚文化之间。Woman:Dog:英语中的goose有愚蠢的内涵意义，但汉语中的鹅却没有这种不好的内涵意义。b)Some sentence tells the opposite of what a new word means.From its opposite we can figure out the meaning of the word.A frugal person would never spend money so freely.If you are
7、 frugal you do not spend freely,Frugal must mean“to be careful about spending money”.c)Using your own experience to figure out the definition of a word.Feeling depressed,Carl frowned.You know from your experience that a frown usually means“unhappiness”.So“unhappy”should be a good guess for the meani
8、ng of depressed.d).Sentence before or after a sentence containing a difficult word sometimes explain the meaning of the word.Mary had a bubbling personality.Her enthusiasm,her lively actions,her excitement at new ideas always attracted people.I never knew such an ebullient woman.These sentence helps
9、 you put together a definition of ebullient-overflowing with excitement.e)Some sentences are just written to give definition of difficult words words readers need to know in order to understand what they are reading.Impediments are objects that stand in the way of some goal.f)Because some sentences
10、give examples for a new word,you can build a definition.Select any one of those periodicals:playboy,Readers Digest,Time Magazine.This sentence doesnt say that a periodical is a magazine,but you can figure that out easily from the examples.g)Some sentences use a word you do know to help explain a word you dont know.A formidable enemy is one to be feared.Formidable-through the clue in this sentence means“fearful”,or“dreadful”.结束结束